Bioretention for removal of nitrogen: processes, operational conditions, and strategies for improvement
Abstract
As one of the low-impact development measures, bioretention plays an important role in reducing the runoff peak flow and minimizing runoff pollutants, such as heavy metals, suspended solids, and nutrients. However, the efficiency of nitrogen removal in the bioretention system is unstable, owing to the different chemical properties of various forms of nitrogen and the limitations of current bioretention system for nitrogen transformation. This review article summarizes the recent advances in bioretention system in treatment of urban stormwater and agricultural runoff for nitrogen removal. The microbial characteristics and main processes of nitrogen transformation in bioretention are reviewed. The operational conditions affecting nitrogen removal, including climatic conditions, pH, wet-dry alternation, influent loads and nitrogen concentration, and hydraulic residence time are discussed. Finally, measures or strategies for increasing nitrogen removal efficiency are proposed from the perspectives of structural improvement of the bioretention system, optimization of medium composition, and enhancement of the nitrogen removal reaction processes.
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Urban stormwater is an important pollutant source.
“Urban stormwater is an important pollutant source (Novotny et al. 2010;Zhang et al. 2021)”
From Phase II MS4 challenges: moving toward effective stormwater management for small municipalities (2022) · cites this paper as Zhang et al. 2021
Cites
Yao, Y., Gao, B., Zhang, M., Inyang, M., & Zimmerman, A. R. (2012) · Chemosphere · doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2012.06.002 · Cited by 1,030 · see citing works
Urban Stormwater Treatment Using Bioretention
Trowsdale, S. A., & Simcock, R. (2011) · Journal of Hydrology · doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2010.11.023 · Cited by 235 · see citing works
Tian, J., Jin, J., Chiu, P. C., Cha, D. K., Guo, M., & Imhoff, P. T. (2019) · Water Research · doi:10.1016/j.watres.2018.10.030 · Cited by 164 · see citing works
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Phase II MS4 challenges: moving toward effective stormwater management for small municipalities
Rieck, L., Carson, C., Hawley, R. J., Heller, M., Paul, M., Scoggins, M., Zimmerman, M., & Smith, R. F. (2022) · Urban Ecosystems · doi:10.1007/s11252-021-01179-3 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
- Authors
- Zhang, H., Ahmad, Z., Shao, Y., Yang, Z., Jia, Y., & Zhong, H.
- Affiliations
- Wuhan University (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Zhong, Hua
- Venue
- Environmental Science and Pollution Research
- Published
- 2021-01-14
- Volume
- 28
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 10519-10535
- ISSN
- 0944-1344 (ISSN-L)
- 1614-7499
- OpenAlex
- W3120581548
- Cited by
- 43
- References
- 3
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 4
- FWCI
- 0.71
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Environmental Science and Pollution Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Major Science and Technology Program for Water Pollution Control and Treatment of China (2017ZX07108-001)
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (51629901)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Environmental Engineering › Urban Stormwater Management Solutions
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Waste Management and Disposal › Constructed Wetlands for Wastewater Treatment
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Waste Management and Disposal › Wastewater Treatment and Reuse
- Keywords
- bioretention, nitrogen removal, nitrogen transformation, urban stormwater, agricultural runoff, low impact development, microbial processes, operating conditions, hydraulic retention time, nitrogen removal efficiency, nitrogen forms
- MeSH terms
- Nutrients, Nitrogen, Rain, Metals, Heavy
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