CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 28FinTech, Crowdfunding, Digital FinanceMicrofinance and Financial InclusionDigital Transformation in Financial Services

The DOI matches its Crossref record.

Spatial-temporal Evolution and Influencing Factors of Digital Financial Inclusion: County-level Evidence from China

Open access
Zhang, Guojun, Chen, Yu, Wang, Gengnan, Zhou, Chunshan·2023·Chinese Geographical Science
DOI 10.1007/s11769-023-1333-5PMC PMC9838334
Open this paper in CoChat — free accountOpen PDF

Abstract

The vigorous development of information and communications technology has accelerated reshaping of the financial industry. The COVID-19 pandemic has further catalyzed the demand for digital financial services. Digital financial inclusion relies on information technology to overcome spatial limitations. In this case, the research question is whether it adheres to the spatial laws governing conventional financial activities. This study uses exploratory spatial data analysis and a geographical detector to elucidate the spatiotemporal characteristics and factors influencing digital financial inclusion at the county level in China (Data don't include that of Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan of China) from 2014 to 2020. The research findings indicate: first, China's county-level digital financial inclusion is generally increasing and exhibits significant spatial autocorrelation. Second, population density, level of traditional financial development, government regulation, and education level are key determinants of China's county-level digital financial inclusion. Third, policies should be differentiated by region to narrow the spatial gap in digital financial inclusion. The results provide a reference for other developing countries on using digital technology to develop financial inclusion.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1007/s11769-023-1333-5

Cites

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

No references could be resolved yet.

Research works printed but not linked: 28

  1. Allen F, Caretti E, Cull R et al., 2014. The African financial development and financial inclusion gaps. Journal of African Economies, 23(5): 614–642. doi: https://doi.org/10.1093/jae/eju015 · DOI
  2. Allen F, Demirguc-Kunt A, Klapper L et al., 2016. The foundations of inclusive finance: understanding ownership and use of formal accounts. Journal of Financial Intermediation, 27: 1–30. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfi.2015.12.003 · DOI
  3. Bozkurt I, Karakus, R, Yildiz M, 2018. Spatial determinants of financial inclusion over time. Journal of International Development, 30(8): 1474–1504. doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/jid.3376 · DOI
  4. Duvendack M, Mader P, 2019. Impact of inclusive finance in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review of reviews. Campbell Systematic Reviews, 15(1–2): e1012. doi: https://doi.org/10.4073/csr.2019.2 · DOI
  5. Fungáčová Z, Weill L, 2015. Understanding financial inclusion in China. China Economic Review, 34: 196–206. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chieco.2014.12.004 · DOI
  6. Gabor D, Brooks S, 2017. The digital revolution in inclusive finance: international development in the FinTech era. New Political Economy, 22(4): 423–436. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/13563467.2017.1259298 · DOI · Paper page
  7. Geach N, 2007. The digital divide, financial exclusion and mobile phone technology: two problems, one solution? Journal of International Trade Law and Policy, 6(1): 21–29. doi: https://doi.org/10.1108/14770020780000547 · DOI
  8. Gomber P, Koch J A, Siering M, 2017. Digital finance and FinTech: current research and future research directions. Journal of Business Economics, 87(5): 537–580. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11573-017-0852-x · DOI
  9. Guo Feng, Wang Jingyi, Wang Fang et al., 2020. Measuring China’s digital financial inclusion: index compilation and spatial characteristics. China Economic Quarterly, 19(4): 1401–1418.
  10. Han R, Melecky M, 2013. Inclusive finance for financial stability: access to bank deposits and the growth of deposits in the global financial crisis. Policy Research Working Papers of The World Bank. doi: https://doi.org/10.1596/1813-9450-6577 · DOI
  11. Huang Yiping, Huang Zhuo, 2018. The development of digital finance in China: present and future. China Economic Quarterly, 17(4): 1489–1502.
  12. Huang Zhuo, Shen Yan, 2019. Digital financial innovation promotes high-quality economic development. New Finance Review, (4): 108–124.
  13. Jin D, 2017. The inclusive finance have effects on alleviating poverty. Open Journal of Social Sciences, 5(3): 233–242. doi: https://doi.org/10.4236/jss.2017.53021 · DOI
  14. Johnson S, Arnold S, 2012. Inclusive financial markets: is transformation under way in Kenya? Development Policy Review, 30: 719–748. doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-7679.2012.00596.x · DOI
  15. John Kuada, 2019. Inclusive Finance and the Sustainable Development Goals. Extending inclusive finance in Africa, 259–277. · DOI
  16. Khan, H, 2011. Inclusive finance and Financial Stability: Are They Two Sides of the Same Coin? BANCON 2011, Indian Bankers Association and Indian Overseas Bank, Chennai. Available at: https://www.bis.org/review/r111229f.pdf
  17. Kim D W, Yu J S, Hassan M K, 2018. Inclusive finance and economic growth in OIC countries. Research in International Business and Finance, 43: 1–14. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ribaf.2017.07.178 · DOI · Paper page
  18. Li Mingxian, Zheng Zhouzhou, Chen Se, 2021. Development level of county digital inclusive finance: spatial pattern evolution and influencing factors analysis: take Hunan Province as an example. Economic Geography, 41(08): 136143. doi: https://doi.org/10.15957/j.cnki.jjdl.2021.08.016 · DOI
  19. Méndez-Ortega C, Arauzo-Carod J M, 2019. Locating software, video game, and editing electronics firms: using microgeographic data to study Barcelona. Journal of Urban Technology, 26(3): 81–109. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/10630732.2019.1613866 · DOI
  20. Ozili P K, 2018. Impact of digital finance on inclusive finance and stability. Borsa Istanbul Review, 18(4): 329–340. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bir.2017.12.003 · DOI · Paper page
  21. Park C Y, Mercado R, 2018. Inclusive finance, poverty, and income inequality. The Singapore Economic Review, 63(1): 185–206. doi: https://doi.org/10.1142/S0217590818410059 · DOI
  22. Prasad E S, 2010. ‘Financial Sector Regulation and Reforms in Emerging Markets: An Overview’. NBER Working Papers 16428, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. · DOI
  23. Wang X H, Guan J, 2017. Financial inclusion: measurement, spatial effects and influencing factors. Applied Economics, 49(18): 1751–1762. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/00036846.2016.1226488 · DOI
  24. Wang J F, Xu C D, 2017. Geodetector: principle and prospective. Acta Geographic Sinica, 72(1): 116–134. doi: https://doi.org/10.11821/dlxb201701010 · DOI
  25. Yartey C A, 2008. Financial development, the structure of capital markets, and the global digital divide. Information Economics and Policy, 20(2): 208–227. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.infoecopol.2008.02.002 · DOI
  26. Zhang Q D, Posso A, 2019. Thinking inside the box: a closer look at inclusive finance and household income. The Journal of Development Studies, 55(7): 1616–1631. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/00220388.2017.1380798 · DOI
  27. Zhu B, He J, Zhai S T, 2019. Does financial inclusion create a spatial spillover effect between regions? Evidence from China. Emerging Markets Finance and Trade, 55(5): 980–997. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/1540496X.2018.1518779 · DOI
  28. Zins A, Weill L, 2016. The determinants of financial inclusion in Africa. Review of Development Finance, 6(1): 46–57. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rdf.2016.05.001 · DOI · Paper page

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Metadata

Authors
Zhang, G., Chen, Y., Wang, G., & Zhou, C.
Affiliations
  • Guangdong University Of Finances and Economics (CN)
  • Sun Yat-sen University (CN)
Corresponding author
Zhou, Chunshan
ORCID
Venue
Chinese Geographical Science
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2023-01-09
Volume
33
Issue
2
Pages
221-232
ISSN
  • 1002-0063 (ISSN-L)
  • 1993-064X
DOI
10.1007/s11769-023-1333-5
PMC
PMC9838334
OpenAlex
W4313890608
Cited by
28
References
0
Citations by year
2026: 4 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 5
FWCI
8.04
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Chinese Geographical Science (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • National Natural Science Foundation of China (42171188)
  • Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (2022A1515010992)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Management Information Systems › FinTech, Crowdfunding, Digital Finance
  • Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Economics and Econometrics › Microfinance and Financial Inclusion
  • Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › General Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Digital Transformation in Financial Services
Keywords
digital financial inclusion, spatiotemporal evolution, county finance, spatial autocorrelation, determinants of financial inclusion, population density, financial development, government regulation, educational attainment, regional disparities, COVID-19 pandemic, China

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review