The DOI matches its Crossref record; 65 of the 65 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Is reduction in pain catastrophizing a therapeutic mechanism specific to cognitive-behavioral therapy for chronic pain?
Open accessAbstract
Mechanisms underlying favorable outcomes of psychosocial interventions for chronic pain are unclear. Theory suggests changes in maladaptive cognitions represent therapeutic mechanisms specific to cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT). We illustrate the importance of examining whether treatments work either uniquely via mechanisms specified by theory or via mechanisms common to different treatments. Secondary data analysis was conducted to examine the effects of reduction in pain catastrophizing on outcomes following CBT and Pain Education. Generally, reductions in pain catastrophizing were significantly related to outcome improvements irrespective of CBT or Pain Education condition. Results underscore the need to assess whether mechanisms presumed to operate specifically in one treatment do indeed predict outcomes and illustrate the importance of broadening the assessment of mechanisms beyond those specified by theory. Theory-specific, competing, and common mechanisms must all be assessed to determine why our treatments work.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“we agree with current thinking about catastrophising that it is a process variable rather than an outcome variable (Burns 2012)”
From Psychological therapies for the management of chronic pain (excluding headache) in adults (2020) · cites this paper as Burns 2012
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
The CES-D Scale: A Self-Report Depression Scale for Research in the General Population
Radloff, L. S. (1977) · Applied Psychological Measurement · doi:10.1177/014662167700100306 · Cited by 53,267
Pharmacological interventions for somatoform disorders in adults
Kleinstäuber, M., Witthöft, M., Steffanowski, A., van Marwijk, H., Hiller, W., & Lambert, M. J. (2014) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd010628.pub2 · Cited by 11,369
Cognitive Therapy for Depression
(2012) · PsycEXTRA Dataset · doi:10.1037/e675542012-001 · Cited by 9,678
The Pain Catastrophizing Scale: Development and validation.
Sullivan, M. J. L., Bishop, S. R., & Pivik, J. (1995) · Psychological Assessment · doi:10.1037//1040-3590.7.4.524 · Cited by 8,227
Cognitive Therapy of Depression
HOLLON, S. D., & BECK, A. T. (1979) · Cognitive-Behavioral Interventions · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-404480-7.50012-5 · Cited by 4,685
Theoretical perspectives on the relation between catastrophizing and pain
Sullivan, M. J. L., Thorn, B., Haythornthwaite, J. A., Keefe, F., Martin, M., Bradley, L. A., & Lefebvre, J. C. (2001) · The Clinical Journal of Pain · doi:10.1097/00002508-200103000-00008 · Cited by 2,472
Self-citationMorley, S., Eccleston, C., & Williams, A. (1999) · Pain · doi:10.1016/s0304-3959(98)00255-3 · Cited by 1,597
Development of the Wisconsin Brief Pain Questionnaire to assess pain in cancer and other diseases
Daut, R. L., Cleeland, C. S., & Flanery, R. C. (1983) · Pain · doi:10.1016/0304-3959(83)90143-4 · Cited by 1,562
Kazdin, A. E. (2008) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/0003-066x.63.3.146 · Cited by 1,112
Ward, A. (2002) · Acupuncture in Medicine · doi:10.1136/aim.20.4.207-a · Cited by 1,071
Research works printed but not linked: 2
- Wilkinson GS, Robertson GJ. Wide range achievement test 4 (WRAT4). Lutz: Psychological Assessment and Resources, Inc.; 2006.
- Thorn B. Cognitive therapy for chronic pain: a step-by-step approach. New York: Guilford; 2004.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 101–112 of 112
Cognitive-Behavioral Approach to Return to Work
Sullivan, M. J. L. (2015) · Handbooks in health, work, and disability · doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-7627-7_20
A Study of Emotions Intelligence, Self-Awareness and Behavioral Response for Student
Shivane, D. (2024) · International Journal of Advanced Research in Science Communication and Technology · doi:10.48175/ijarsct-18323
Darling, L. N., Lee, K., & Otis, J. D. (2025) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781009086264.009
Lee, C., Kim, H., Kim, S., Kim, Y., Sun, X., Chen, C. X., Park, J., Pellegrini, C. A., Garcia, D. O., Chen, N., et al. (2025) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2025.06.09.25329238
Nardi-Rodríguez, A., Bernardes, S. F., Pastor-Mira, M. D. L. Á., López-Roig, S., Pamies-Aubalat, L., Sánchez-Prada, A., Pérez, V. A. F., Rodríguez‐Rodríguez, I., & Heras-González, P. (2025) · JMIR Research Protocols · doi:10.2196/66396
Lee, J., Lazaridou, A., Paschali, M., Anzolin, A., Grahl, A., Ellingsen, D., Loggia, M. L., Wasan, A. D., Edwards, R. R., & Napadow, V. (2026) · Pain · doi:10.1097/j.pain.0000000000003957
Zhang, J., Wu, X., Yu, W., Zhang, S., Xiang, X., Chen, J., Cai, Y., Ho, L. L. K., & Chan, D. N. S. (2026) · Pain Management Nursing · doi:10.1016/j.pmn.2026.06.016
Kuper, Q. T. Y., Willemen, J. E., Lousberg, R., Severeijns, R. J. M., van Amelsvoort, T. A. M. J., & Balthasar, A. J. R. (2026) · Brain and Behavior · doi:10.1002/brb3.71820
Towards an understanding of physical activity in people with chronic low back pain
Griffin, D. W. (2013) · University of Limerick · doi:10.34961/7893 · Cited by 1
Metadata
- Authors
- Burns, J. W., Day, M. A., & Thorn, B. E.
- Affiliations
- Rush University Medical Center (US)
- University of Alabama (US)
- Corresponding author
- Thorn, Beverly E
- Venue
- Translational Behavioral Medicine
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2011-11-22
- Volume
- 2
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 22-29
- ISSN
- 1613-9860 (ISSN-L)
- 1869-6716
- PMC
- PMC3717814
- OpenAlex
- W1996201879
- Cited by
- 112
- References
- 65
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 2.34
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Translational Behavioral Medicine (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research Bank (Australian Catholic University) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation › Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitation
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine › Pain Management and Treatment
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Pain Management and Placebo Effect
- Keywords
- pain catastrophizing, cognitive behavioral therapy, chronic pain, pain education, therapeutic mechanisms, maladaptive cognitions, psychosocial interventions, common mechanisms
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
