Using qualitative comparative analysis to understand and quantify translation and implementation

Kane, Heather; Lewis, Megan A; Williams, Pamela A; Kahwati, Leila C

doi:10.1007/s13142-014-0251-6

Cited by 127Qualitative Comparative Analysis ResearchHealth Policy Implementation ScienceQualitative Research Methods and Applications

Using qualitative comparative analysis to understand and quantify translation and implementation

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Kane, Heather, Lewis, Megan A, Williams, Pamela A, Kahwati, Leila C·2014·Translational Behavioral Medicine

DOI 10.1007/s13142-014-0251-6PMC PMC4041929

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Abstract

Understanding the factors that facilitate implementation of behavioral medicine programs into practice can advance translational science. Often, translation or implementation studies use case study methods with small sample sizes. Methodological approaches that systematize findings from these types of studies are needed to improve rigor and advance the field. Qualitative comparative analysis (QCA) is a method and analytical approach that can advance implementation science. QCA offers an approach for rigorously conducting translational and implementation research limited by a small number of cases. We describe the methodological and analytic approach for using QCA and provide examples of its use in the health and health services literature. QCA brings together qualitative or quantitative data derived from cases to identify necessary and sufficient conditions for an outcome. QCA offers advantages for researchers interested in analyzing complex programs and for practitioners interested in developing programs that achieve successful health outcomes.

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QCA can examine complex combinations of explanatory factors across differing contexts and produce externally valid results even among a smaller sample.
“QCA can examine complex combinations of explanatory factors (or pathways) across differing contexts and produce externally valid results even among a smaller sample [39–41].”
From Using qualitative comparative analysis to uncover multiple pathways to program sustainment: implications for community-based youth substance misuse prevention (2022) · cites this paper as [40]
The Advantages and Limitations of QCA section says QCA examines combinations of conditions while retaining each case’s context, and can support small-N studies. It does not say that results from small samples are externally valid; it also cautions that too few cases can leave possible configurations unrepresented. No page number is available in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.88)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Crisp-set QCA can improve interpretation and provide clearer practice implications.
“as noted by several implementation researchers, crisp-set QCA can improve interpretation and provide clearer practice implications [33, 40].”
From Using qualitative comparative analysis to uncover multiple pathways to program sustainment: implications for community-based youth substance misuse prevention (2022) · cites this paper as [40]

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Authors: Kane, H., Lewis, M. A., Williams, P. A., & Kahwati, L. C.
Affiliations: RTI International (US)
Corresponding author: Kane, Heather
ORCID: Kane, Heather
Lewis, Megan A
Kahwati, Leila C
Venue: Translational Behavioral Medicine
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Published: 2014-01-22
Volume: 4
Issue: 2
Pages: 201-208
ISSN: 1613-9860 (ISSN-L)
1869-6716
DOI: 10.1007/s13142-014-0251-6
PMC: PMC4041929
OpenAlex: W2065088369
Cited by: 124
References: 27
Citations by year: 2026: 5 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 21 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 1
FWCI: 17.38
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Locations: Translational Behavioral Medicine (publishedVersion)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Qualitative Comparative Analysis Research
Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Health Policy Implementation Science
Social Sciences › Education › Qualitative Research Methods and Applications
Keywords: qualitative comparative analysis, implementation science, translational research, program implementation, necessary and sufficient conditions, health services research

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Using qualitative comparative analysis to understand and quantify translation and implementation

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