The DOI matches its Crossref record; 68 of the 68 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Oral Chromium Exposure and Toxicity
Open accessAbstract
Hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] is a known carcinogen when inhaled. However, inhalational exposure to Cr(VI) affects only a small portion of the population, mainly by occupational exposures. In contrast, oral exposure to Cr(VI) is widespread and affects many people throughout the globe. In 2008, the National Toxicology Program (NTP) released a 2-year study demonstrating that ingested Cr(VI) was carcinogenic in rats and mice. The effects of Cr(VI) oral exposure are mitigated by reduction in the gut; however, a portion evades the reductive detoxification and reaches target tissues. Once Cr(VI) enters the cell, it ultimately gets reduced to Cr(III), which mediates its toxicity via induction of oxidative stress during the reduction while Cr intermediates react with protein and DNA. Cr(III) can form adducts with DNA that may lead to mutations. This review will discuss the potential adverse effects of oral exposure to Cr(VI) by presenting up-to-date human and animal studies, examining the underlying mechanisms that mediate Cr(VI) toxicity, as well as highlighting opportunities for future research.
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1 retracted
RETRACTED: Role of DNA Methylation in Cell Cycle Arrest Induced by Cr (VI) in Two Cell Lines
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Cancer epigenetics reaches mainstream oncology
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Cited by
Mitra, S., Chakraborty, A. J., Tareq, A. M., Emran, T. B., Nainu, F., Khusro, A., Idris, A. M., Khandaker, M. U., Osman, H., Alhumaydhi, F. A., et al. (2022) · Journal of King Saud University - Science · doi:10.1016/j.jksus.2022.101865 · Cited by 2,043
The essential metals for humans: a brief overview
Zoroddu, M. A., Aaseth, J., Crisponi, G., Medici, S., Peana, M., & Nurchi, V. M. (2019) · Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry · doi:10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2019.03.013 · Cited by 1,085
Heavy metals: toxicity and human health effects
Jomova, K., Alomar, S. Y., Nepovimova, E., Kuca, K., & Valko, M. (2025) · Archives of Toxicology · doi:10.1007/s00204-024-03903-2 · Cited by 983
Karić, N., Maia, A. S., Teodorović, A., Atanasova, N., Langergraber, G., Crini, G., Ribeiro, A. R. L., & Đolić, M. (2022) · Chemical Engineering Journal Advances · doi:10.1016/j.ceja.2021.100239 · Cited by 466
A Review of Metal Exposure and Its Effects on Bone Health
Rodríguez, J., & Mandalunis, P. M. (2018) · Journal of Toxicology · doi:10.1155/2018/4854152 · Cited by 248
Metadata
- Authors
- Sun, H., Brocato, J., & Costa, M.
- Venue
- Current Environmental Health Reports
- Published
- 2015-06-10
- Volume
- 2
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 295-303
- ISSN
- 2196-5412 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W643666707
- Cited by
- 368
- References
- 68
- FWCI
- 5.17
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
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Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
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