Pituitary function within the first year after traumatic brain injury or subarachnoid haemorrhage
Open accessAbstract
PURPOSE: Reports on long-term variations in pituitary function after traumatic brain injury (TBI) and subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) diverge. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the prevalence and changes in pituitary function during the first year after moderate and severe TBI and SAH and to explore the relation between pituitary function and injury variables. METHODS: Adults with moderate and severe TBI or SAH were evaluated at 10 days, 3, 6 and 12 months post-injury/illness. Demographic, clinical, radiological, laboratory, including hormonal data were collected. RESULTS: A total of 91 adults, 56 (15 women/41 men) with TBI and 35 (27 women/8 men) with SAH were included. Perturbations in pituitary function were frequent early after the event but declined during the first year of follow-up. The most frequent deficiency was hypogonadotrope hypogonadism which was seen in approximately 25 % of the patients. Most of the variations were transient and without clinical significance. At 12 months, two patients were on replacement with hydrocortisone, four men on testosterone and one man on replacement with growth hormone. No relations were seen between hormonal levels and injury variables. CONCLUSIONS: Perturbations in pituitary function continue to occur during the first year after TBI and SAH, but only a few patients need replacement therapy. Our study could not identify a marker of increased risk of pituitary dysfunction that could guide routine screening. However, data demonstrate the need for systematic follow-up of pituitary function after moderate or severe TBI or SAH.
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Acute and chronic hypogonadism due to HPA axis dysfunction has been reported in approximately 20-30% of TBI patients.
“Acute and chronic hypogonadism due to HPA axis dysfunction has been reported in approximately 20-30% of TBI patients. 75-78”
From Sex Differences in Traumatic Brain Injury: What We Know and What We Should Know (2019) · cites this paper as [75]
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Pituitary Function in the Acute Phase of Traumatic Brain Injury and Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
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Sex Differences in Traumatic Brain Injury: What We Know and What We Should Know
Gupte, R. P., Brooks, W. M., Vukas, R. R., Pierce, J. D., & Harris, J. L. (2019) · Journal of Neurotrauma · doi:10.1089/neu.2018.6171 · Cited by 533 · see citing works
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- Authors
- Tölli, A., Borg, J., Bellander, B.-M., Johansson, F., & Höybye, C.
- Affiliations
- Danderyds sjukhus (SE)
- Karolinska Institutet (SE)
- Karolinska University Hospital (SE)
- Corresponding author
- Tölli, A.
- Venue
- Journal of Endocrinological Investigation
- Published
- 2016-09-26
- Volume
- 40
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 193-205
- ISSN
- 0391-4097 (ISSN-L)
- 1720-8386
- PMC
- PMC5269462
- OpenAlex
- W2524824669
- Cited by
- 30
- References
- 52
- Citations by year
- 2025: 2 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 1
- FWCI
- 3.68
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Endocrinological Investigation (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Pfizer Foundation
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Pituitary Gland Disorders and Treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Neurology › Traumatic Brain Injury and Neurovascular Disturbances
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Traumatic Brain Injury Research
- Keywords
- pituitary function, traumatic brain injury, subarachnoid hemorrhage, pituitary dysfunction, hydrocortisone replacement, testosterone replacement therapy, growth hormone replacement therapy
- MeSH terms
- Brain Injuries, Traumatic, Adult, Aged, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Pituitary Diseases, Pituitary Function Tests, Pituitary Hormones, Prognosis, Prospective Studies, Subarachnoid Hemorrhage, Biomarkers, Young Adult
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