Evaluating the effects of mobile health intervention on weight management, glycemic control and pregnancy outcomes in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus
Abstract
Purpose To explore the effects of mobile health (mHealth) intervention on pregnancy weight management, blood glucose control and pregnancy outcomes.Methods A total of 124 patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) were selected. Patients were randomly divided into two groups. The 60 patients in the control group received standard outpatient treatment, while the remaining 64 patients received a nurse's online guidance both through a mobile medical App installed on their phone and through regular offline clinical treatment in the mHealth group. Patients were treated for an average of 13 weeks and general conditions, compliance, blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, weight gain, pregnancy, and neonatal outcomes were monitored in both groups longitudinally.Results The mHealth group demonstrated higher levels of compliance (83.3 ± 12.5% vs. 70.4 ± 10.1%, t = - 6.293, df = 122, p < 0.001), lower frequency of outpatient service (8.1 ± 1.3 vs. 11.2 ± 1.1, t = 14.285, df = 122, p < 0.001), lower hemoglobin A1C before delivery (4.7 ± 0.2 vs. 5.3 ± 0.3, t = 13.216, df = 122, p < 0.001) as well as the rates of off-target measurements both fasting (4.6 ± 0.4% vs. 8.3 ± 0.6%, t = 40.659, df = 122, p < 0.001) and 2 h post-prandial (7.9 ± 0.7% vs. 14.7 ± 0.8%, t = 50.746, df = 122, p < 0.001). Weight gain in the mHealth group was less than control group (3.2 ± 0.8 vs. 4.8 ± 0.7, t = 11.851, df = 122 p < 0.001).Conclusion Mobile health intervention management of gestational diabetes mellitus improves patients' compliance and blood glucose control, and reduces weight gain, thereby reducing the rates of complications in both pregnant women and fetuses during delivery during pregnancy.
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Of the 27 papers, 4 focused on GDM, with 339 patients in the intervention groups and 343 in the control groups.
“4 were focused on GDM (339 patients in the intervention groups and 343 patients in the control groups) [62-65]”
From Effectiveness of Disease-Specific mHealth Apps in Patients With Diabetes Mellitus: Scoping Review (2021) · cites this paper as [62]
One GDM study found a significant difference between groups in favor of the app intervention for HbA1c (-1.3% intervention vs -0.6% control; P<.001).
“One of the studies [62] found a significant difference between the groups in favor of the app intervention (–1.3% in the intervention group versus –0.6% in the control group; P<.001), while the other study found no significant difference [64].”
From Effectiveness of Disease-Specific mHealth Apps in Patients With Diabetes Mellitus: Scoping Review (2021) · cites this paper as [62]
Two GDM studies (167 intervention, 162 control) investigated HbA1c levels.
“Two studies [62,64] (167 patients in the intervention groups and 162 in the control groups) investigated the HbA1c levels in patients with GDM.”
From Effectiveness of Disease-Specific mHealth Apps in Patients With Diabetes Mellitus: Scoping Review (2021) · cites this paper as [62]
Neither Guo et al nor Borgen et al found significant differences in fasting OGTT or 2-hour OGTT.
“Regarding oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) results, neither Guo et al [62] nor Borgen et al [63] found significant differences in fasting OGTT or 2-hour OGTT.”
From Effectiveness of Disease-Specific mHealth Apps in Patients With Diabetes Mellitus: Scoping Review (2021) · cites this paper as [62]
Significant differences between groups favoring the app intervention groups were found for off-target 2-hour glucose measurements (P<.001).
“Significant differences between groups favoring the app intervention groups were found for off-target fasting glucose measurements (P<.001 [62,65]), off-target 1-hour glucose measurements (P<.001 [65]), and off-target 2-hour glucose measurements (P<.001 [62]).”
From Effectiveness of Disease-Specific mHealth Apps in Patients With Diabetes Mellitus: Scoping Review (2021) · cites this paper as [62]
Significant differences between groups favoring the app intervention groups were found for off-target fasting glucose measurements (P<.001).
“Significant differences between groups favoring the app intervention groups were found for off-target fasting glucose measurements (P<.001 [62,65]), off-target 1-hour glucose measurements (P<.001 [65]), and off-target 2-hour glucose measurements (P<.001 [62]).”
From Effectiveness of Disease-Specific mHealth Apps in Patients With Diabetes Mellitus: Scoping Review (2021) · cites this paper as [62]
Two GDM studies (124 intervention, 120 control) included patient compliance, defined as the ratio between actual blood glucose measurements and instructed measurements ×100.
“Two studies [62,65] (124 patients in the intervention groups and 120 patients in the control groups) included the outcome of patient compliance, defined as the ratio between actual blood glucose measurements and instructed measurements ×100.”
From Effectiveness of Disease-Specific mHealth Apps in Patients With Diabetes Mellitus: Scoping Review (2021) · cites this paper as [62]
Both GDM studies found significant differences between groups, favoring the app intervention groups, for patient compliance (P<.001).
“Both studies found significant differences between the groups, favoring the app intervention groups (P<.001 [62,65]).”
From Effectiveness of Disease-Specific mHealth Apps in Patients With Diabetes Mellitus: Scoping Review (2021) · cites this paper as [62]
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- Authors
- Guo, H., Zhang, Y., Li, P., Zhou, P., Chen, L.-M., & Li, S.-Y.
- Affiliations
- Tianjin Medical University (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Li, S.-Y.
- Venue
- Journal of Endocrinological Investigation
- Published
- 2018-11-07
- Volume
- 42
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 709-714
- ISSN
- 0391-4097 (ISSN-L)
- 1720-8386
- OpenAlex
- W2900359336
- Cited by
- 140
- References
- 22
- Citations by year
- 2026: 12 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 17 · 2022: 26 · 2021: 28 · 2020: 20 · 2019: 2
- FWCI
- 19.17
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Journal of Endocrinological Investigation (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (81470187)
- Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin (15ZXHLSY00460)
- Startup Funding of Scientific Research, Tianjin Medical University Metabolic Diseases Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology (no. 2016DX02)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Mobile Health and mHealth Applications
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Gestational Diabetes Research and Management
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Education
- Keywords
- gestational diabetes mellitus, mobile health, mobile health intervention, gestational weight gain, glycemic control, HbA1c, blood glucose monitoring, medication adherence, pregnancy outcomes, neonatal outcomes, mobile health apps, postprandial blood glucose, fasting blood glucose, maternal and neonatal outcomes
- MeSH terms
- Smartphone, Adult, Body Weight, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Outcome, Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring, Case-Control Studies, Diabetes, Gestational, Telemedicine, Glycemic Index, Young Adult
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