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Cited by 50Environmental remediation with nanomaterialsAdsorption and biosorption for pollutant removalAdvanced Photocatalysis Techniques

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Covalent and Non-covalent Functionalized Nanomaterials for Environmental Restoration

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Zhang, Shizhong, Malik, Sumeet, Ali, Nisar, Khan, Adnan, Bilal, Muhammad, Rasool, Kashif·2022·Topics in Current Chemistry
DOI 10.1007/s41061-022-00397-3PMC PMC9372017
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Abstract

Nanotechnology has emerged as an extraordinary and rapidly developing discipline of science. It has remolded the fate of the whole world by providing diverse horizons in different fields. Nanomaterials are appealing because of their incredibly small size and large surface area. Apart from the naturally occurring nanomaterials, synthetic nanomaterials are being prepared on large scales with different sizes and properties. Such nanomaterials are being utilized as an innovative and green approach in multiple fields. To expand the applications and enhance the properties of the nanomaterials, their functionalization and engineering are being performed on a massive scale. The functionalization helps to add to the existing useful properties of the nanomaterials, hence broadening the scope of their utilization. A large class of covalent and non-covalent functionalized nanomaterials (FNMs) including carbons, metal oxides, quantum dots, and composites of these materials with other organic or inorganic materials are being synthesized and used for environmental remediation applications including wastewater treatment. This review summarizes recent advances in the synthesis, reporting techniques, and applications of FNMs in adsorptive and photocatalytic removal of pollutants from wastewater. Future prospects are also examined, along with suggestions for attaining massive benefits in the areas of FNMs.

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Scheme 1 Possible applications of covalent/non-covalent functionalized nanomaterials
Scheme 1 Possible applications of covalent/non-covalent functionalized nanomaterialsCC BY · PubMed Central
Fig. 1 Covalent/non-covalent functionalized nanomaterials
Fig. 1 Covalent/non-covalent functionalized nanomaterialsCC BY · PubMed Central
Fig. 2 Illustration of photodegradation and adsorption process for wastewater treatment. Reproduced with permission [74] Copyright 2020, Elsevier
Fig. 2 Illustration of photodegradation and adsorption process for wastewater treatment. Reproduced with permission [74] Copyright 2020, ElsevierCC BY · PubMed Central
Fig. 3 Illustration of the grafting-to reaction. Reproduced with permission [90] Copyright 2018, American Chemical Society
Fig. 3 Illustration of the grafting-to reaction. Reproduced with permission [90] Copyright 2018, American Chemical SocietyCC BY · PubMed Central
Fig. 4 Different techniques used for the synthesis and functionalization of nanomaterials
Fig. 4 Different techniques used for the synthesis and functionalization of nanomaterialsCC BY · PubMed Central
Fig. 5 Explanation of the sorption process on a fixed bed for effective removal of pharmaceutical contaminants. Reproduced with permission [109], Copyright 2018, Elsevier
Fig. 5 Explanation of the sorption process on a fixed bed for effective removal of pharmaceutical contaminants. Reproduced with permission [109], Copyright 2018, ElsevierCC BY · PubMed Central
Fig. 6 a Sawdust-derived biochar and its applications for the removal of copper and tetracycline [118], and b explanation of mineral materials for removal of water pollutants released from different sectors. Reproduced with permission [123], Copyright 2017, International Water Association
Fig. 6 a Sawdust-derived biochar and its applications for the removal of copper and tetracycline [118], and b explanation of mineral materials for removal of water pollutants released from different sectors. Reproduced with permission [123], Copyright 2017, International Water AssociationCC BY · PubMed Central
Fig. 7 Preparation of vitamin C-MWCNT nanocomposites and their digital pictures and their application for MB dye adsorption. Reproduced with permission [178], Copyright 2019, Elsevier
Fig. 7 Preparation of vitamin C-MWCNT nanocomposites and their digital pictures and their application for MB dye adsorption. Reproduced with permission [178], Copyright 2019, ElsevierCC BY · PubMed Central
Fig. 8 Schematic presentation of the MB adsorption on the f-GNP1 surface. Reproduced with permission [249], Copyright 2019, Springer Nature
Fig. 8 Schematic presentation of the MB adsorption on the f-GNP1 surface. Reproduced with permission [249], Copyright 2019, Springer NatureCC BY · PubMed Central
Fig. 9 One-step polyethylene terephthalate catalytic dissociation for the synthesis of functionalized magnetic fullerene nanocomposites (FMFN) and different kinds of interactions for the sorption of ciprofloxacin. Reproduced with permission [315], Copyright 2020, Elsevier
Fig. 9 One-step polyethylene terephthalate catalytic dissociation for the synthesis of functionalized magnetic fullerene nanocomposites (FMFN) and different kinds of interactions for the sorption of ciprofloxacin. Reproduced with permission [315], Copyright 2020, ElsevierCC BY · PubMed Central
Fig. 10 Illustration of 2D magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles for heavy metal removal. Reproduced with permission [345], Copyright 2019, Elsevier
Fig. 10 Illustration of 2D magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles for heavy metal removal. Reproduced with permission [345], Copyright 2019, ElsevierCC BY · PubMed Central
Fig. 11 A schematic explanation of UV irradiation for ciprofloxacin degradation on TiO2 immobilized on the surface of a glass plate. Reproduced with permission [362] Copyright 2020, Informa UK Limited
Fig. 11 A schematic explanation of UV irradiation for ciprofloxacin degradation on TiO2 immobilized on the surface of a glass plate. Reproduced with permission [362] Copyright 2020, Informa UK LimitedCC BY · PubMed Central
Fig. 12 Schematic illustration of the metal selenide and their photocatalytic activity. Reproduced with permission [467], Copyright 2020, Springer Nature
Fig. 12 Schematic illustration of the metal selenide and their photocatalytic activity. Reproduced with permission [467], Copyright 2020, Springer NatureCC BY · PubMed Central
Fig. 13 Schematic explanation of the removal of toxic heavy metal from wastewater through PVDF-based nanocomposite membranes. Reproduced with permission [495], Copyright 2020, Elsevier
Fig. 13 Schematic explanation of the removal of toxic heavy metal from wastewater through PVDF-based nanocomposite membranes. Reproduced with permission [495], Copyright 2020, ElsevierCC BY · PubMed Central
Fig. 14 The synthesis and application of sludge-based new adsorbents for the decontamination of wastewater. Reproduced with permission [526], Copyright 2016, Springer Nature
Fig. 14 The synthesis and application of sludge-based new adsorbents for the decontamination of wastewater. Reproduced with permission [526], Copyright 2016, Springer NatureCC BY · PubMed Central
Fig. 15 Schematic explanation, experimental setup, and mechanism of CQD/N-ZnO on dyes under natural daylight irradiation. Reproduced with permission [628], Copyright 2015, Elsevier
Fig. 15 Schematic explanation, experimental setup, and mechanism of CQD/N-ZnO on dyes under natural daylight irradiation. Reproduced with permission [628], Copyright 2015, ElsevierCC BY · PubMed Central

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Citations

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Metadata

Authors
Zhang, S., Malik, S., Ali, N., Khan, A., Bilal, M., & Rasool, K.
Affiliations
  • Huai'an University (CN)
  • University of Peshawar (PK)
  • Hamad bin Khalifa University (QA)
Corresponding author
  • Zhang, Shizhong
  • Ali, Nisar
  • Rasool, Kashif
ORCID
Venue
Topics in Current Chemistry
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2022-08-11
Volume
380
Issue
5
Pages
44-44
ISSN
  • 2364-8961 (ISSN-L)
  • 2365-0869
DOI
10.1007/s41061-022-00397-3
PMC
PMC9372017
OpenAlex
W4291020293
Cited by
50
References
673
Citations by year
2026: 5 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 9
FWCI
1.00
Type
journal article
Language
en
Update notices
correction (2022-09-02)
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Topics in Current Chemistry (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • Qatar National Library (cc-by)
Funders
  • Government of Jiangsu Province (SJCX20_1332)
  • Qatar National Library
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Environmental Engineering › Environmental remediation with nanomaterials
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Water Science and Technology › Adsorption and biosorption for pollutant removal
  • Physical Sciences › Energy › Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment › Advanced Photocatalysis Techniques
Keywords
functionalized nanomaterials, covalent functionalization, non-covalent functionalization, environmental remediation, wastewater treatment, pollutant adsorption, photocatalytic degradation, carbon nanomaterials, metal oxide nanomaterials, quantum dots, nanocomposites, nanomaterial synthesis
MeSH terms
Water Purification, Nanotechnology, Nanostructures, Environmental Restoration and Remediation, Wastewater

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