The DOI matches its Crossref record; 25 of the 25 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
A miniaturized flexible implantable antenna with metamaterial resonators for biomedical applications
Open accessAbstract
The purpose of this study is to propose a flexible implantable antenna based on resonant metamaterials (MTMs) for medical applications. The antenna operates at 2.45 GHz and can be bent into various shapes. The aim is to assess the benefits of integrating MTMs in antenna design, including size reduction and improved gain, to enhance wireless communication efficiency in implantable medical devices. The recommended antenna design involves integrating MTM resonators into the radiation patch in all dimensions. The substrate and superstrate materials used are flexible Rogers ULTRALAM with a dielectric constant of 2.9. The Ansys HFSS stimulator is used to simulate the proposed antenna in two steps: first, with the antenna in a rectangular shape, and second, with the antenna bent into the desired shape. The proposed antenna was evaluated through a series of simulations in various scenarios. This antenna works well in free space and was further investigated when integrated into various human body models such as skin layer, four-layer and arm models. The performance results include S-parameters, 2D radiation pattern, and gain values. The amount of the electromagnetic field absorbed by the human body is calculated using the specific absorption rate (SAR) and the maximum input power. Comparing the results with previous research, the suggested flexible implanted antenna based on resonant metamaterials demonstrates several advantages for use in implantable medical devices.
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Graphene and metamaterials offer high conductivity and electromagnetic properties in extremely thin and flexible forms.
“Research in this area is exploring ultra-compact antenna designs and the use of materials like graphene and metamaterials, which offer high conductivity and electromagnetic properties in extremely thin and flexible forms (Riaz et al., 2023; Saidi et al., 2023).”
From Comparative analysis of energy transfer mechanisms for neural implants (2024) · cites this paper as Saidi et al., 2023
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1 retracted
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An Ultra-Miniaturized Antenna With Ultra-Wide Bandwidth Characteristics for Medical Implant Systems
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Massive metamaterial system-loaded MIMO antenna array for 5G base stations
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Electrically Small Circularly Polarized UWB Intraocular Antenna System for Retinal Prosthesis
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E-shape metamaterials embedded implantable antenna for ISM-band biomedical applications
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Self-citationMiniature Circular Implantable antenna for Wireless Biomedical Applications
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
Comparative analysis of energy transfer mechanisms for neural implants
Miziev, S., Pawlak, W. A., & Howard, N. (2024) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2023.1320441 · Cited by 21
A compact flexible dual band coplanar waveguide fed antenna for 5 G applications
Vasu, A. S., & Sreeja, T. K. (2025) · Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing · doi:10.1007/s10470-025-02393-1 · Cited by 5
Comparison of Flexible Substrates for Microstrip Antenna Design for ISM Band
Riofrío, A., Aucatoma, L., & Arguero, B. (2024) · IEEE Ecuador Technical Chapters Meeting (ETCM) · doi:10.1109/etcm63562.2024.10746224 · Cited by 1
Saidi, A., Nouri, K., Atbi, F. I., Yahiaoui, M., Bouhmidi, R., Damou, M., Becharef, K., & Abes, T. (2025) · International Journal of Communication Systems · doi:10.1002/dac.70234 · Cited by 1
Self-citationSaidi, A., Nouri, K., Abes, T., & Damou, M. (2025) · Critical Reviews in Biomedical Engineering · doi:10.1615/critrevbiomedeng.v53.i6.30
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Saidi, A., Nouri, K., Becharef, K., & Abes, T.
- Affiliations
- Université de Saida Dr Moulay Tahar (DZ)
- Corresponding author
- Saidi, Amaria
- Venue
- Research on Biomedical Engineering
- Published
- 2023-08-28
- Volume
- 39
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 693-704
- ISSN
- 1517-3151 (ISSN-L)
- 2446-4740
- OpenAlex
- W4386222017
- Cited by
- 5
- References
- 25
- Citations by year
- 2025: 3 · 2024: 2
- FWCI
- 0.61
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Research on Biomedical Engineering (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Antenna Design and Analysis
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Wireless Body Area Networks
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Microwave Imaging and Scattering Analysis
- Keywords
- flexible antenna, implantable antenna, resonant metamaterials, metamaterial resonators, 2.45 GHz, antenna miniaturization, antenna gain enhancement, human body model, specific absorption rate, electromagnetic field absorption, biomedical implants, wireless communication
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