Cited by 48Ethics and Social Impacts of AILegal and Labor StudiesAI and HR Technologies

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A policy primer and roadmap on AI worker surveillance and productivity scoring tools

Open access
Hickok, Merve, Maslej, Nestor·2023·AI and Ethics

Abstract

Algorithmic worker surveillance and productivity scoring tools powered by artificial intelligence (AI) are becoming prevalent and ubiquitous technologies in the workplace. These tools are applied across white and blue-collar jobs, and gig economy roles. In the absence of legal protections, and strong collective action capabilities, workers are in an imbalanced power position to challenge the practices of employers using these tools. Use of such tools undermines human dignity and human rights. These tools are also built on fundamentally erroneous assumptions. The primer section of this paper provides stakeholders (policymakers, advocates, workers, and unions) with insights into assumptions embedded in workplace surveillance and scoring technologies, how employers use these systems which impact human rights. The roadmap section lays out actionable recommendations for policy and regulatory changes which can be enacted by federal agencies and labor unions. The paper uses major policy frameworks developed or supported by the United States as the foundation for policy recommendations. These are Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) Principles for the Responsible Stewardship of Trustworthy AI (OECD AI Principles), Fair Information Practices (FIPs) and the White House Blueprint for an AI Bill of Rights.

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Metadata

Authors
Hickok, M., & Maslej, N.
Corresponding author
Hickok, Merve
Venue
AI and Ethics
Published
2023-03-20
Volume
3
Issue
3
Pages
673-687
ISSN
  • 2730-5953 (ISSN-L)
  • 2730-5961
OpenAlex
W4360979770
Cited by
48
References
1
Citations by year
2026: 20 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 1
FWCI
12.01
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • AI and Ethics (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
Organisation de Coopération et de Développement Économiques
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › Ethics and Social Impacts of AI
  • Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Industrial relations › Legal and Labor Studies
  • Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management › AI and HR Technologies
Keywords
workplace monitoring, artificial intelligence in the workplace, workers' rights, human rights, gig economy, trade unions, AI regulation, responsible AI, fair information practices, AI Bill of Rights, OECD AI Principles, Universal Declaration of Human Rights, policy recommendations

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