Student or educator? Sign up with your school email and get 6 months of Pro free.
Cited by 431

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 1 of the 1 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

The creation of the universe as a quantum phenomenon

Brout, R, Englert, F, Gunzig, E·1978·Annals of Physics

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/0003-4916(78)90176-8

Cites

1 of 1 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Show all 1 references

Research works printed but not linked: 32

  1. Tinsley, 1977, Phys. Today, 32
  2. Weinberg, 1977, Phys. Today, 32
  3. Bekenstein, 1975, Phys. Rev. D, 11, 2072, 10.1103/PhysRevD.11.2072 · DOI · Paper page
  4. Misner, 1969, Phys. Rev., 186, 1328, 10.1103/PhysRev.186.1328 · DOI
  5. Murphy, 1973, Phys. Rev., 8, 4231, 10.1103/PhysRevA.8.2640 · DOI
  6. Parker, 1973, Phys. Rev. D, 7, 2357, 10.1103/PhysRevD.7.2357 · DOI
  7. Tryon, 1973, Nature, 246, 396, 10.1038/246396a0 · DOI
  8. Fubini, 1976, Nuovo Cimento A, 34, 521, 10.1007/BF02785664 · DOI
  9. Englert, 1976, Nuclear Phys B, 117, 407, 10.1016/0550-3213(76)90406-5 · DOI
  10. Gürsey, 1963, Ann. Phys. (N.Y.), 24, 211, 10.1016/0003-4916(63)90072-1 · DOI
  11. Infeld, 1945, Phys. Rev., 68, 250, 10.1103/PhysRev.68.250 · DOI
  12. Tauber, 1967, J. Math. Phys., 8, 118, 10.1063/1.1705088 · DOI
  13. Deser, 1970, Ann. Phys. (N.Y.), 59, 248, 10.1016/0003-4916(70)90402-1 · DOI
  14. Englert, 1975, Phys. Lett., 57B, 73, 10.1016/0370-2693(75)90247-6 · DOI
  15. Parker, 1969, Phys. Rev., 183, 1057, 10.1103/PhysRev.183.1057 · DOI · Paper page
  16. Grib, 1976, G. R. G., 7, 535, 10.1007/BF00766413 · DOI
  17. Omnes, 1971, Astron. and Astrophys., 10, 228
  18. Omnes, 1971, Astron. and Astrophys., 11, 450
  19. Alpher, 1953, Phys. Rev., 92, 1347, 10.1103/PhysRev.92.1347 · DOI
  20. Zel'dovich, 1972, Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc., 160, IP
  21. Fubini, 1973, Phys. Rev. D, 7, 1732, 10.1103/PhysRevD.7.1732 · DOI
  22. Isham, 1970, Phys. Rev. D, 2, 685, 10.1103/PhysRevD.2.685 · DOI
  23. Wess, 1971, Springer Tracts in Modern Physics, 60, 1, 10.1007/BFb0044910 · DOI
  24. Zumino, 1970, Brandeis Univ. Summer Inst. in Theor. Phys., 2, 438
  25. Callan, 1970, Ann. Phys. (N.Y.), 59, 42, 10.1016/0003-4916(70)90394-5 · DOI · Paper page
  26. Geroch, 1966, Phys. Rev. Lett., 17, 445, 10.1103/PhysRevLett.17.445 · DOI
  27. Hawking, 1966, Phys. Rev. Lett., 17, 444, 10.1103/PhysRevLett.17.444 · DOI
  28. Penrose, 1970, 134, 529
  29. Pati, 1974, Phys. Rev. D, 10, 275, 10.1103/PhysRevD.10.275 · DOI
  30. Milne, 1932, Nature, 9, 10.1038/130009a0 · DOI
  31. Singh, 1974, G. R. G., 5, 115, 10.1007/BF00758078 · DOI
  32. Rindler, 1956, Mon. Nat. Roy. Astron. Soc., 116, 662, 10.1093/mnras/116.6.662 · DOI · Paper page

Cited by

See all 431

Metadata

Authors
Brout, R., Englert, F., & Gunzig, E.
Venue
Annals of Physics
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
1978-09
Volume
115
Issue
1
Pages
78-106
ISSN
0003-4916 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2039108312
Cited by
431
References
1
FWCI
6.93
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

How to cite

Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.

This page
CoChat. (2026). Citation check: The creation of the universe as a quantum phenomenon. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1016/0003-4916(78)90176-8
The paper
Brout, R., Englert, F., & Gunzig, E. (1978). The creation of the universe as a quantum phenomenon. Annals of Physics. https://doi.org/10.1016/0003-4916(78)90176-8

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.