Cited by 928Gastrointestinal motility and disordersPelvic floor disorders treatmentsIntestinal Malrotation and Obstruction Disorders

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Simplified assessment of segmental colonic transit

Metcalf, Amanda M., Phillips, Sidney F., Zinsmeister, Alan R., MacCarty, Robert L., Beart, Robert W., Wolff, Bruce G.·1987·Gastroenterology

DOI 10.1016/0016-5085(87)90837-7

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Abstract

Transit times of radiopaque markers through the human gut were measured by published techniques and compared with a simplified method. Three sets of distinctive markers were ingested by 24 healthy persons on 3 successive days. In the first part of the study, daily abdominal x-rays were taken and individual stools were collected for radiography. Mouth-to-anus transits were assessed from the fecal output of markers and mean colonic and segmental colonic transits were calculated from the daily radiographs. These established methods were then compared with estimates of total colonic and segmental transits based on a single abdominal film, taken on the fourth day. The single-film technique correlated well with values obtained from the previous, but more inconvenient, methods. Using the simpler approach, colonic transit was assessed in 49 additional healthy subjects, for a total group of 73. Total colonic transit was 35.0 +/- 2.1 h (mean +/- SE); segmental transits was 11.3 +/- 1.1 h for the right colon, 11.4 +/- 1.4 h for the left colon, and 12.4 +/- 1.1 h for the rectosigmoid. Men had significantly shorter transits for the whole colon than did women (p less than 0.05), and this difference was apparent to some extent in the right (p = 0.06) and left colon (p = 0.07) but not in the rectosigmoid. Age did not influence transit significantly nor did a small dose of supplemental fiber. The technique is simple, convenient for clinical usage, and reduces the exposure to radiation to acce…

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Radiologische Methoden (Defäkographie, Transitmessung)
Goei, R., & Müller-Lissner, S. (1989) · Interdisziplinäre Gastroenterologie · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-74657-4_8 · Cited by 3
Fermentation-driven interactions of gut microbes with their environment
Berretta, A., & Schwab, C. (2025) · Essays in Biochemistry · doi:10.1042/ebc20253057 · Cited by 2
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Rudroff, C., Madukkakuzhy, J., Otten, J., Schroer, J., Richards, D., Ludwig, S., & Henning, M. (2025) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-025-15037-1 · Cited by 2
“The colonic transit time analysis and a colon enema were added if patients complained about constipation 20,21 .”
Gastrointestinal Transit Time Assessed Using a CT‐Based Radiopaque Marker Method in Patients With Acute Pancreatitis During Methylnaltrexone Treatment
Knoph, C. S., Hesthaven, A. S., Cook, M., Novovic, S., Hansen, M., Mortensen, M. B., Nielsen, L. B., Høgsberg, I. M., Salomon, C., Thorlacius-Ussing, O., et al. (2025) · Neurogastroenterology and Motility · doi:10.1111/nmo.70027 · Cited by 2
“Transit times were subsequently calculated on the basis of the following equation, adapted from Metcalf et al. [24], considering the number of radiopaque markers ingested on Day 3 ( N ), the number of remaining markers identified on the CT scan ( n ), and the time from ingestion of the marker…”
Overall and Regional Colonic Transit Abnormalities in Elderly Patients with Constipation
Yang, D. Y., Lupianez‐Merly, C., Jencks, K. J., Burton, D. D., Ryks, M. D., & Camilleri, M. (2025) · Digestive Diseases and Sciences · doi:10.1007/s10620-024-08833-8 · Cited by 2
Validated approaches at mayo clinic for measuring gastric and colonic transit of solids and gastric accommodation
Abdelnaem, N., Camilleri, M., & Bartlett, D. J. (2024) · Expert Review of Gastroenterology & Hepatology · doi:10.1080/17474124.2024.2434592 · Cited by 2
“This method introduced the ability to evaluate full GI and colonic transit in combination with the 99m Tc sulfur colloid egg gastric emptying test over 48 hours in contrast to the more widely used radiopaque marker method performed with a single radiograph taken on the 4th day [26].”
Imaging in pediatric disorders of the gut-brain interactions: current best practice and future directions
Rajindrajith, S., Hathagoda, W., Ganewatte, E., Devanarayana, N., Thapar, N., & Benninga, M. (2023) · Expert Review of Gastroenterology & Hepatology · doi:10.1080/17474124.2023.2288164 · Cited by 2
Subtyping intractable functional constipation in children using clinical and laboratory data in a classification model
Huang, Y.-H., Xie, C., Chou, C.-Y., Jin, Y., Li, W., Wang, M., Lu, Y., & Liu, Z. (2023) · Frontiers in Pediatrics · doi:10.3389/fped.2023.1148753 · Cited by 2
Dyssynergic Defecation in Chronically Constipated Children in Korea
Bae, S. (2023) · Pediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology & Nutrition · doi:10.5223/pghn.2023.26.2.127 · Cited by 2
“The CTT test was performed according to the Metcalf protocol [9] with 20 radio-opaque markers per capsule, and FDG was performed as described in a previous study [7].”
Obstruktives Defäkationssyndrom
Dawoud, C., Argeny, S., Harpain, F., & Riss, S. (2022) · Coloproctology · doi:10.1007/s00053-022-00630-z · Cited by 2
Density map estimation with convolutional neural networks to count radiopaque markers on colonic transit studies
Tsai, A. (2022) · Pediatric Radiology · doi:10.1007/s00247-022-05371-1 · Cited by 2
“radiograph taken on the 4th day (and the 7th day if a large number of radiopaque markers remain) [19].”
Background
Transanal irrigation bowel routine for people with Cauda Equina Syndrome
Ethans, K., Smith, K., Khandelwal, A., Nankar, M., Shea, J., & Casey, A. R. (2022) · Journal of Spinal Cord Medicine (JSCM) · doi:10.1080/10790268.2021.2022371 · Cited by 2
“Other secondary outcome measures compared at week 10 to baseline included: (1) Cleveland Constipation Score 26 (range, 0 – 30, with 30 representing severe symptoms; a score of 15 or greater indicates significant constipation) for those with constipation, (2) St. Mark ’ s Incontinence Questionnaire 27,28 (range, 0 – 24…”
Method
Prospective Evaluation of Transanal Irrigation With a Validated Pediatric Neurogenic Bowel Dysfunction Scoring System
Fernandez, J., Patel, S. J., Hopson, P., & Safder, S. (2022) · Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition - JPGN · doi:10.1097/mpg.0000000000003383 · Cited by 2
“TAI was shown to have a favorable impact on gut microbiota in pediatric patients with spina bifida (41), and colonic transit time via stimulating colonic peristalsis (29,30,35,42).”
Background
Modified colonic transit test in healthy subjects and constipated patients: A triple‐phase, two‐center prospective study
Jiang, Y., Kong, H., Chang, T.-M., Bai, T., Xiang, X.-L., Zhang, X., Xie, X.-P., Zhang, L., Zhang, C.-X., Hou, X., et al. (2020) · Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology · doi:10.1111/jgh.15209 · Cited by 2
Delayed or not delayed? That is the question in Indian children with constipation
Rajindrajith, S., Devanarayana, N. M., & Benninga, M. A. (2018) · Indian Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.1007/s12664-018-0893-2 · Cited by 4
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Ang, D., Fock, K., Law, N., & Ang, T. (2015) · Singapore medical journal · doi:10.11622/smedj.2015037 · Cited by 2
Relação do trânsito cólico na diabetes mellitus tipo 2 com a idade, o género, a duração da doença e a HbA1c
Jorge, J., Matos, H., Borges, C. C., Delgado, F., Machado, J. P., Oliveira, M. L. P., Oliveira, F. E. R., Coelho, Á., Silva, A., & Almeida, C. (2013) · doi:10.1016/j.jpg.2012.12.006 · Cited by 2
“Foram contadas as partículas, de acordo com a sua localização, com base na divisão do cólon, proposta por Metcalf et al. (1987)23, no cólon direito (CD), cólon esquerdo (CE) e cólon sigmoide e reto (SR), e o total das partículas no cólon (CT).”
Background
Empty colon: a pitfall in the assessment of colonic transit time
de Meij, T. D., & Kneepkens, C. F. F. (2011) · European Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.1007/s00431-011-1593-4 · Cited by 2
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Physiopathologie de la constipation
Milla, P. (2007) · Annales Nestlé (Ed française) · doi:10.1159/000108769 · Cited by 2
Relevance of Abdominal Gas Analysis and Transit Study after Colorectal Cancer Surgery
Seike, K., Koda, K., Oda, K., Kondo, E., Ishizuka, M., & Miyazaki, M. (2003) · Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.1080/00365520310000898 · Cited by 2
Measurement of whole-gut transit: a new test comes of age?
Talley, N. J. (1995) · Mayo Clinic proceedings · doi:10.4065/70.2.193 · Cited by 2
The association between a positive lactulose methane breath test and rectocele in constipated patients
Lee, J. M., Paik, C. N., Kim, Y. J., Kim, D. B., Chung, W. C., Lee, K., & Yang, J.-M. (2017) · Revista Española de Enfermedades Digestivas · doi:10.17235/reed.2017.5017/2017 · Cited by 2
Nuclear Medicine in Pediatric Gastrointestinal Diseases
Cistaro, A., & Massollo, M. (2016) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-21371-2_9 · Cited by 2
Idiopathic Constipation and Other Motility Disorders
Peña, A., & Bischoff, A. (2015) · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-14989-9_25 · Cited by 2
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Camilleri, M., & Bharucha, A. E. (2014) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-407710-2.00014-x · Cited by 2
Electrogastrography, Breath Tests, Ultrasonography, Transit Tests, and SmartPill
Rodriguez, L. (2013) · Humana Press eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-60761-709-9_15 · Cited by 2
Imaging Techniques (Technique and Normal Parameters)
Halligan, S., Kelvin, F., Pannu, H., Bartram, C., Rociu, E., Stoker, J., Strohbehn, K., & Emmanuel, A. (2003) · doi:10.1007/978-3-662-05206-8_4 · Cited by 2
Age-Related Physiologic Changes in the Gastrointestinal Tract
Levine, J., & Zenilman, M. (2001) · doi:10.1007/978-1-4757-3432-4_36 · Cited by 2
Mechanisms and Management of Chronic Constipation
Reynolds, J. (1989) · doi:10.1007/978-1-4684-5694-3_10 · Cited by 2
Signed, sealed, delivered: a generalizable model for living biotherapeutic dosing and metabolism
DeVito, V. L., & Karamched, B. R. (2026) · npj Systems Biology and Applications · doi:10.1038/s41540-026-00685-4 · Cited by 1
Ultrasound Imaging Equipment for Evaluating Chronic Constipation in Home Healthcare: A Review Article
Okawa, Y. (2025) · Gastrointestinal Disorders · doi:10.3390/gidisord7010012 · Cited by 1
Additional criteria on scintigraphic testing for diagnosis of rapid colonic transit in patients with chronic diarrhea
Lupianez‐Merly, C., Dilmaghani, S., Jencks, K. J., Eckert, D. J., Ryks, M. D., Burton, D. B., & Camilleri, M. (2024) · Neurogastroenterology & Motility · doi:10.1111/nmo.14917 · Cited by 1
Objective estimation of colonic transit time using radiopaque markers in an abdominal X-ray after laparoscopic colorectal resection: secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial
Ammann, Y., Warschkow, R., Bischofberger, S., Ukegjini, K., Tarantino, I., & Steffen, T. (2023) · BJS Open · doi:10.1093/bjsopen/zrad111 · Cited by 1
“11 .”
MethodInfluential
Common Tests for the Pelvic Floor
Sands, D., & Thorsen, A. J. (2021) · The ASCRS Textbook of Colon and Rectal Surgery · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-25970-3_57 · Cited by 1
Trastornos funcionales de la evacuación. Una revisión
Solé, L. (2020) · NeuroGastroLATAM Reviews · doi:10.24875/ngl.m18000006 · Cited by 1
“El criterio manométrico más relevante para el diagnóstico de intususcepción rectoanal fue la asociación de un área de alta presión adicional anterior y un descenso perineal excesivo; encontrándose un valor predictivo positivo del 100% (81,5-100), un valor predictivo negativo del 61,9% (38.”
Background
Intractable Constipation in the Elderly
Baffy, N. J., Foxx–Orenstein, A. E., Harris, L. A., & Sterler, S. M. (2017) · Current Treatment Options in Gastroenterology · doi:10.1007/s11938-017-0142-2 · Cited by 25
Gastrointestinal transit scintigraphy in chronic constipation evaluation in paediatric age; an infrequent test ☆
Infante, J., Rayo, J., Serrano, J., García, L., Moreno, M., Martínez, A., & Huertas, J. (2017) · doi:10.1016/j.remnie.2017.02.010 · Cited by 1
Surgical management of severe constipation due to slow transit and obstructed defecation syndrome
Giannakaki, V., & Bordeianou, L. (2016) · doi:10.1053/j.scrs.2015.12.002 · Cited by 1
Ultrasonic measurement of rectal diameter and area in neurogenic bowel with spinal cord injury
Kim, G.-W., Won, Y., Ko, M.-H., Park, S.-H., & Seo, J.-H. (2016) · Journal of Spinal Cord Medicine (JSCM) · doi:10.1179/2045772314y.0000000282 · Cited by 1
Comparison of Segmental Colon Transit Time With Total Energy Expenditure in Psychiatry Unit Patients
Kim, Y., Song, B., Lee, O., & Kwon, H. (2015) · Gastroenterology Nursing · doi:10.1097/sga.0000000000000061 · Cited by 1
“Several researchers showed that PA or exercise did not make a difference in CTT ( Metcalf et al., 1987 ).”
BackgroundMethodInfluential
Constipation and Constipation Syndromes
Bharucha, A. E., & Grover, M. (2012) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781118321386.ch61 · Cited by 2
直腸肛門機能障害の位置づけ : 新しいROME IIIとの関連について
Takano, M. (2007) · doi:10.3862/jcoloproctology.60.889 · Cited by 1
Is the constipated Asian male more common than we think?
Gwee, K., & Wong, R. (2007) · Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology · doi:10.1111/j.1440-1746.2007.05017.x · Cited by 1
Endoscopic Placement of Radiopaque Markers for Focused Evaluation of Intestinal Motility
Turner, P. L., Kavic, S., & Park, A. (2006) · Surgical Innovation · doi:10.1177/1553350606294246 · Cited by 1
“, internal rectal prolapse, anismus.(3)”
Approche du malade avec une diarrhée fonctionnelle
Delvaux, M., & Gay, G. (2006) · Gastroentérologie Clinique et Biologique · doi:10.1016/s0399-8320(06)73196-7 · Cited by 1
“Plusieurs études ont montré de fait que la consistance des selles et leur forme étaient des paramètres plus fiables que la fréquence des selles pour définir la diarrhée [2-6].”
Background
Investigation and management of constipation.
Lamparelli, M., & Kumar, D. (2002) · Clinical medicine (London) · doi:10.7861/clinmedicine.2-5-415 · Cited by 1
Irritable bowel syndrome.
Birrer, R. (2002) · Disease-a-month : DM · doi:10.1067/mda.2002.122480 · Cited by 1
Radionuclide Colon Transit Study in Normal Chinese
Wang, S.-J., Lin, W., Ko, C.-Y., & Chen, G.-H. (2001) · doi:10.6332/anms.1402.003 · Cited by 1
“There are several methods by which colon transit can be quantified in humans, of which radiological are the most commonly used [2-4].”
Method
Magendarmpassage mit röntgendichten Tracerkugeln zur Lokalisation von Dünndarmstenosen bei intermittierenden Obstruktionen
Hennigs, S., Jäger, H., Gissler, M., Roggenkamp, K., Löhlein, D., Albrecht, M., & Mathias, K. (2000) · doi:10.1055/s-2000-9216 · Cited by 1
Investigation of colonic disease.
Wan, A., & Darzi, A. (2000) · Hospital Medicine · doi:10.12968/hosp.2000.61.10.1438 · Cited by 1
Colonic Transit
Chedid, V. G., & Camilleri, M. (2019) · Encyclopedia of Gastroenterology · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-801238-3.66006-3
Colonic Transit Study by Radio-Opaque Markers
Min, Y., & Rhee, P. (2016) · doi:10.1007/978-81-322-0822-8_3 · Cited by 1
A Study on the Use of Stimulant Laxatives Using Large Bowel Transit Time as an Index
Okazaki, K. (2011) · doi:10.3862/jcoloproctology.64.408 · Cited by 1
Disorders of Defecation in Women
Gearhart, S. (2010) · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-374271-1.00029-0 · Cited by 1
Methods to Measure Small-Bowel and Colonic Transit
Kim, H. J., & Camilleri, M. (2006) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-84628-275-1_7 · Cited by 1
The Correlation of Verbal Expression of Stool, Bristol Stool Form Scale and Colon Transit Time for Children with Gastrointestinal Symptoms
Lee, Y.-J., & Chung, K. (2005) · Korean Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition · doi:10.5223/kjpgn.2005.8.2.130 · Cited by 1
Chapter 32 Autonomic nervous system evaluation: diagnosis of rectal and lower gut dysfunction
Bittinger, M., & WIENBECK, M. (2000) · Supplements to Clinical neurophysiology · doi:10.1016/s1567-424x(09)70163-1 · Cited by 1
Konzept und funktionelle Analyse der ileozäkalen Interposition als neues Verfahren zum Rektumersatz
von Flüe, M., & Harder, F. (1997) · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-60527-7_8 · Cited by 1
Indications for Defaecography
Rühl, A., Erckenbrecht, J., Marti, M., & Hirsig, J. (1993) · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-77402-7_7 · Cited by 1
Clinical Investigations in Gastroenterology
Bateson, M., & Bouchier, I. (1988) · Springer Netherlands · doi:10.1007/978-94-009-2633-2 · Cited by 1
Autonomic nervous system and gastrointestinal manifestations with an emphasis on gastric dysfunction
Shouman, K., Camilleri, M., & Singer, W. (2026) · Autonomic Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.autneu.2026.103474
Long-term follow-up of the effects of fecal microbiota transplantation in combination with soluble dietary fiber as a therapeutic regimen in slow transit constipation
Zhang, X., Tian, H., Gu, L., Nie, Y., Ding, C., Ge, X., Yang, B. K., Gong, J., & Li, N. (2018) · Science China Life Sciences · doi:10.1007/s11427-017-9229-1 · Cited by 65
“Transit time was calculated using the formula mentioned by Metcalf and coworkers (Metcalf et al., 1987).”
Method
Colon Capsule Endoscopy-Measured Colonic Transit Time Is Associated with Frailty in Older Adults
Nakaji, K., Kumamoto, M., & Nakae, Y. (2026) · Medicina · doi:10.3390/medicina62071362
“CTT has traditionally been measured using radiopaque marker methods [20], but colon capsule endoscopy (CCE) has more recently enabled a non-invasive assessment of CTT [21–25].”
Chronische Obstipation und obstruktives Defäkationssyndrom
Tatu, A. M. (2026) · Die Gastroenterologie · doi:10.1007/s11377-026-00997-1
Colonic transit study in patients with chronic constipation using Japanese-made radiopaque markers
Kamiya, T., Kubota, E., Ozeki, K., Tanaka, M., Shime, A., Tada, M., Fukuta, H., & Kataoka, H. (2026) · Journal of smooth muscle research = Nihon Heikatsukin Gakkai kikanshi · doi:10.1540/jsmr.62.17
Diagnostic–Therapeutic Care Pathway in Chronic Constipation: AIGO (Italian Association of Gastroenterologists and Gastrointestinal Endoscopists) Position Paper
Neri, M. C., Battaglia, E., Galeazzi, F., d'Alba, L., Lambiase, C., Usai-Satta, P., Bellini, M., & Bassotti, G. (2026) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm15072571
“Diffuse retention of markers throughout the colon supports the diagnosis of slow-transit constipation, whereas accumulation of markers in the pelvic https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm15072571 region supports the diagnostic hypothesis of an obstructed defecation syndrome [17,18].”
Influential
Effects of Unilateral and Bilateral Sacral Nerve Stimulation on Defecation and Microbiota in Constipated Dogs.
Yi, T., Guo, X., Fang, Y., Liang, H., Lu, Y., Zhang, X., Cao, H., Liu, J.-Z., Wang, Q., Qu, Y., et al. (2025) · Neuromodulation (Malden, Mass.) · doi:10.1016/j.neurom.2025.10.065
Comparison of Clinical Characteristics and Long-term Prognosis of Focal Hypoganglionosis With Adult-onset Megacolon and Chronic Intestinal Pseudo-obstruction
Park, J.-B., Jung, K., Bae, J. H., Kim, K., Lee, M.-H., Bae, G., Hong, S. W., Hwang, S., Park, S. H., Yang, D.-H., et al. (2025) · Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility · doi:10.5056/jnm24179
“23,24 The clinical outcomes, including the disease-related emergency department visits or hospitalizations, the necessity for reoperation, and the nutritional status (eg, oral diet and parenteral nutrition), were examined.”
Development of Supine-Use Wearable Cyborg for Treatment of Neurogenic Bowel Dysfunction after Spinal Cord Injury*
Tamai, H., Uehara, A., Sankai, Y., Hara, H., & Kawamoto, H. (2025) · Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC) · doi:10.1109/embc58623.2025.11254929
“Since it typically takes one to two days for digested contents to pass through the large intestine to rectum [43], it is likely that the participant firstly just expelled the hardened stool that had accumulated in the distal colon before the intervention.”
Identification of functional defecation disorder in patients with constipation based on colonic transit test: a retrospective study
Ren, X.-Y., Yan, X., Zhu, J., He, S., & Yin, Y. (2024) · Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.1080/00365521.2024.2434637
“In comparison to the classical method established by Metcalf et al. [6], the simplified CTT is presently more widely utilized.”
Application of a new protocol for a study of colonic transit using radiopaque markers in functional constipation for a population with rapid gut transit
Remalayam, B., & Thomas, V. (2023) · Dentistry and Medical Research · doi:10.4103/dmr.dmr_37_23
The Value of a Modified Colonic Transit Test in the Diagnosis of Chronic Constipation
Chen, Y., Zhao, B., Liao, Y., Wei, C., Ma, Y.-C., Wang, F., Wang, D.-R., & Tang, D. (2022) · doi:10.34175/jno202203005
“This method can accurately assess the transit time by counting markers in both the stool and those remaining in the abdomen [8].”
Method
Diagnostics of functional disorders of the gastrointestinal tract in patients with constipation
Kazyulin, A., Samsonov, A., Kucheryavyy, Y., Cheremushkin, S. V., & Gilyuk, A. V. (2021) · Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council · doi:10.21518/2079-701x-2021-12-210-219
Feasibility of Abdominal Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Patients With Residual Concentrated Enteric Contrast After Fluoroscopic Abdominal Examination
Dane, B., & Hindman, N. (2021) · Journal of computer assisted tomography · doi:10.1097/rct.0000000000001233
Geriatric Physiology for Surgical Intensivists: Part I
Ha, T. (2020) · doi:10.17479/jacs.2020.10.3.73
Diagnostik der Kolonmotilität
Wehrmann, T., & Schmitt, T. (2019) · Funktionsdiagnostik in der Gastroenterologie · doi:10.1007/978-3-662-07355-1_6
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“První variantou je požití radiokontrastních značek po dobu 3 dnů, po kterých následuje řada RTG kont rol do vyloučení posledního markeru [21,22].”
The Mexican consensus on chronic constipation
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“If the markers observed in the two x-rays add up to ≥ 68, slow colonic transit is diagnosed.(89) The wireless motility capsule is a technology that incorporates a pH sensor, a temperature sensor, and a pressure sensor.”
Background
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Authors: Metcalf, A. M., Phillips, S. F., Zinsmeister, A. R., MacCarty, R. L., Beart, R. W., & Wolff, B. G.
Affiliations: Mayo Clinic (US)
Venue: Gastroenterology
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 1987-01
Volume: 92
Issue: 1
Pages: 40-47
ISSN: 0016-5085 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/0016-5085(87)90837-7
OpenAlex: W1567581279
Cited by: 928
References: 0
Citations by year: 2026: 10 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 23 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 24 · 2020: 28 · 2019: 33 · 2018: 23 · 2017: 29 · 2016: 38 · 2015: 28 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 30 · 2012: 30
FWCI: 14.56
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Gastroenterology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Institutes of Health (5r01am032121-03, 3p30am034988-01s1)
National Center for Research Resources (RR-585)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Gastroenterology › Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
Health Sciences › Medicine › Urology › Pelvic floor disorders treatments
Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Intestinal Malrotation and Obstruction Disorders
Keywords: colonic transit, radiopaque markers, proximal colon, left colon, rectosigmoid, dietary fiber, radiation dose reduction
MeSH terms: Adult, Aged, Colon, Dietary Fiber, Digestive System, Female, Gastrointestinal Motility, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Radiography

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