Cited by 928Gastrointestinal motility and disordersPelvic floor disorders treatmentsIntestinal Malrotation and Obstruction Disorders

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Simplified assessment of segmental colonic transit

Metcalf, Amanda M., Phillips, Sidney F., Zinsmeister, Alan R., MacCarty, Robert L., Beart, Robert W., Wolff, Bruce G.·1987·Gastroenterology

DOI 10.1016/0016-5085(87)90837-7

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Abstract

Transit times of radiopaque markers through the human gut were measured by published techniques and compared with a simplified method. Three sets of distinctive markers were ingested by 24 healthy persons on 3 successive days. In the first part of the study, daily abdominal x-rays were taken and individual stools were collected for radiography. Mouth-to-anus transits were assessed from the fecal output of markers and mean colonic and segmental colonic transits were calculated from the daily radiographs. These established methods were then compared with estimates of total colonic and segmental transits based on a single abdominal film, taken on the fourth day. The single-film technique correlated well with values obtained from the previous, but more inconvenient, methods. Using the simpler approach, colonic transit was assessed in 49 additional healthy subjects, for a total group of 73. Total colonic transit was 35.0 +/- 2.1 h (mean +/- SE); segmental transits was 11.3 +/- 1.1 h for the right colon, 11.4 +/- 1.4 h for the left colon, and 12.4 +/- 1.1 h for the rectosigmoid. Men had significantly shorter transits for the whole colon than did women (p less than 0.05), and this difference was apparent to some extent in the right (p = 0.06) and left colon (p = 0.07) but not in the rectosigmoid. Age did not influence transit significantly nor did a small dose of supplemental fiber. The technique is simple, convenient for clinical usage, and reduces the exposure to radiation to acce…

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GR 38032F (Ondansetron), a selective 5HT3 receptor antagonist, slows colonic transit in healthy man
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“0 (6-20) 334 (192-402) 272 (157-447) 30 (15-75) 15 (15-75) polypeptide Neurotensin 8.”
MethodSelf-citation
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“In 1987, Metcalf and colleagues measured colonic transit times with the use of distinctive markers, ingested by 24 healthy subjects on 3 consecutive days (Metcalf et al., 1987).”
Background
Treatment of severe pain from osteoarthritis with slow‐release tramadol or dihydrocodeine in combination with NSAID's: a randomised study comparing analgesia, antinociception and gastrointestinal effects
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“Colonic transit times were assessed using a standardized marker test, with marker capsules being given at 08:00 h on six successive mornings and an abdominal supine X-ray taken on the morning of day 7 at 08:00 h (Metcalf et al., 1987; Meier et al., 1992).”
Total and segmental colonic transit time with radio-opaque markers in adolescents with functional constipation.
Zaslavsky, C., da Silveira, T. D., & Maguilnik, I. (1998) · Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition - JPGN · doi:10.1097/00005176-199808000-00002 · Cited by 94
Generalized Transit Delay on Wireless Motility Capsule Testing in Patients with Clinical Suspicion of Gastroparesis, Small Intestinal Dysmotility, or Slow Transit Constipation
Kuo, B., Maneerattanaporn, M., Lee, A. A., Baker, J. R., Wiener, S. M., Chey, W. D., Wilding, G. E., & Hasler, W. L. (2011) · Digestive Diseases and Sciences · doi:10.1007/s10620-011-1751-6 · Cited by 84
Etiology of portal hypertension may influence gastrointestinal transit
Sadik, R., Abrahamsson, H., Björnsson, E., Gunnarsdóttir, A., & Stotzer, P. (2003) · Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.1080/00365520310004939 · Cited by 93
“The influence of gender was addressed in this study, since gender-related differences in gastrointestinal transit occur in healthy subjects (20, 24, 25, 31, 32).”
Background
Functional results after treatment of rectal prolapse with rectopexy and sigmoid resection
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“Most operative techniques deal with only one aspect, which explains the high incidence of recurrence not only after perineal procedures where recurrence is found in up to 50% [12] but also following abdominal rectopexy techniques with recurrence rates ranging from 0% to 20% [1, 7, 13-17].”
BackgroundMethod
The transit of dosage forms through the small intestine
Yuen, K.-H. (2010) · International Journal of Pharmaceutics · doi:10.1016/j.ijpharm.2010.04.045 · Cited by 98
Lack of benefit of laxatives as adjunctive therapy for functional nonretentive fecal soiling in children.
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Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Functional Constipation in Korea, 2015 Revised Edition
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Specific aspects of gastro-intestinal transit in children for drug delivery design.
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Physiology and pathophysiology of colonic motor activity
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Characterisation of faecal protease activity in irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhoea: origin and effect of gut transit
Tooth, D., Garsed, K., Singh, G., Marciani, L., Lam, C., Fordham, I., Fields, A., Banwait, R., Lingaya, M., Layfield, R., et al. (2013) · Gut · doi:10.1136/gutjnl-2012-304042 · Cited by 87
Radionuclear transit to assess sites of delay in large bowel transit in children with chronic idiopathic constipation.
Cook, B. J., Lim, E., Cook, D., Hughes, J., Chow, C., Stanton, M., Bidarkar, S., Southwell, B., & Hutson, J. (2005) · Journal of Pediatric Surgery · doi:10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2004.11.029 · Cited by 87
Cinedefecography and electromyography in the diagnosis of nonrelaxing puborectalis syndrome
Jorge, J., Wexner, S., Ger, G., Salanga, V., Nogueras, J., & Jagelman, D. (1993) · Diseases of the Colon & Rectum · doi:10.1007/bf02238594 · Cited by 87
Parameters of anorectal and colonic motility in health and in severe constipation
Pezim, M., Pemberton, J., Levin, K., Litchy, W., & Phillips, S. (1993) · Diseases of the Colon & Rectum · doi:10.1007/bf02050015 · Cited by 87
Self-citation
Review article: colonic sensorimotor physiology in health, and its alteration in constipation and diarrhoeal disorders
Camilleri, & Ford (1998) · Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2036.1998.00305.x · Cited by 85
Anorectal manometric abnormalities and colonic propulsive impairment in patients with severe chronic idiopathic constipation
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The colon as a site for drug delivery
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Constipation: Evaluation and Treatment of Colonic and Anorectal Motility Disorders
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In vivo studies of amylose- and ethylcellulose-coated [13C]glucose microspheres as a model for drug delivery to the colon
Cummings, J. H., Milojevic, S., Harding, M., Coward, W. A., Gibson, G. R., Botham, R. L., Ring, S. G., Wraight, E. P., Stockham, M. A., Allwood, M. C., et al. (1996) · Journal of Controlled Release · doi:10.1016/0168-3659(95)00186-7 · Cited by 68
Defaecation disorders in children, colonic transit time versus the Barr-score
Benninga, M., Büller, H., Staalman, C. R., Gubler, F., Bossuyt, P. M., van der Plas, R. N., & Taminiau, J. (1995) · European Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.1007/bf01957362 · Cited by 83
Diabetic Enteropathy: From Molecule to Mechanism-Based Treatment
Meldgaard, T., Olesen, S. S., Farmer, A. D., Krogh, K., Wendel, A. A., Brock, B., Drewes, A. M., & Brock, C. (2018) · Journal of Diabetes Research · doi:10.1155/2018/3827301 · Cited by 83
“Although various protocols exist in terms of the number of capsules to be taken and the number of radiographs undertaken, it is a useful method to delineate whole gut transit time and by proxy colonic transit time as this is the major component of the former [65].”
Method
Colonic transit of different sized tablets in healthy subjects
Adkin, D., Davis, S., Sparrow, R. A., & Wilding, I. (1993) · Journal of Controlled Release · doi:10.1016/0168-3659(93)90040-c · Cited by 82
The transit rate of different-sized model dosage forms through the human colon and the effects of a lactulose-induced catharsis
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Randomized clinical trial of a phytotherapic compound containing Pimpinella anisum, Foeniculum vulgare, Sambucus nigra, and Cassia augustifolia for chronic constipation
Picon, P. D., Picon, R. V., Costa, A. F., Sander, G. B., Amaral, K. M., Aboy, A. L., & Henriques, A. T. (2010) · BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine · doi:10.1186/1472-6882-10-17 · Cited by 75
“[15].”
Chronic constipation in adults: Contemporary perspectives and clinical challenges. 1: Epidemiology, diagnosis, clinical associations, pathophysiology and investigation
Scott, S. M., Simrén, M., Farmer, A. D., Dinning, P. G., Carrington, E. V., Benninga, M. A., Burgell, R., Dimidi, E., Fikree, A., Ford, A. C., et al. (2020) · Neurogastroenterology & Motility · doi:10.1111/nmo.14050 · Cited by 97
Colonic dysmotility in constipation.
Dinning, P. G., & Lorenzo, C. D. (2011) · Best practice & research. Clinical gastroenterology · doi:10.1016/j.bpg.2010.12.006 · Cited by 80
“[15] For both of these radio-opaque techniques delayed transit is defined as >20% retention of markers at the time of the abdominal x-ray; w96hr for the ‘simple’ test [12] and 120hr for the multiple marker [16].”
Background
Colonic transit time and constipation in children with spastic cerebral palsy.
Park, E., Park, C.-I., Cho, S.-R., Na, S., & Cho, Y. S. (2004) · Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1016/s0003-9993(03)00479-9 · Cited by 80

Authors: Metcalf, A. M., Phillips, S. F., Zinsmeister, A. R., MacCarty, R. L., Beart, R. W., & Wolff, B. G.
Affiliations: Mayo Clinic (US)
Venue: Gastroenterology
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 1987-01
Volume: 92
Issue: 1
Pages: 40-47
ISSN: 0016-5085 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/0016-5085(87)90837-7
OpenAlex: W1567581279
Cited by: 928
References: 0
Citations by year: 2026: 10 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 23 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 24 · 2020: 28 · 2019: 33 · 2018: 23 · 2017: 29 · 2016: 38 · 2015: 28 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 30 · 2012: 30
FWCI: 14.56
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Gastroenterology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Institutes of Health (5r01am032121-03, 3p30am034988-01s1)
National Center for Research Resources (RR-585)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Gastroenterology › Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
Health Sciences › Medicine › Urology › Pelvic floor disorders treatments
Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Intestinal Malrotation and Obstruction Disorders
Keywords: colonic transit, radiopaque markers, proximal colon, left colon, rectosigmoid, dietary fiber, radiation dose reduction
MeSH terms: Adult, Aged, Colon, Dietary Fiber, Digestive System, Female, Gastrointestinal Motility, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Radiography

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Simplified assessment of segmental colonic transit

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