Physical background of cycles in biological systems
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Outside the trivial equilibrium steady state where all fluxes vanish, steady-state fluxes must necessarily exhibit one or more cycles.
“The key point is that outside of the trivial (equilibrium) steady state where all fluxes vanish (Jji=0), steady-state fluxes must necessarily exhibit one or more cycles [96,100].”
From Fundamental constraints to the logic of living systems (2024) · cites this paper as [96]
Any non-equilibrium chemical system in steady state must exhibit cycles.
“One important insight made by Morowitz [96] is that any non-equilibrium chemical system in steady state must exhibit cycles, as illustrated in figure 1.”
From Fundamental constraints to the logic of living systems (2024) · cites this paper as [96]
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- Authors
- Morowitz, H. J.
- Affiliations
- Yale University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Morowitz, Harold J.
- Venue
- Journal of Theoretical Biology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1966-12
- Volume
- 13
- Pages
- 60-62
- ISSN
- 0022-5193 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2019592079
- Cited by
- 28
- References
- 1
- Citations by year
- 2025: 5 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 3 · 2021: 1 · 2016: 1 · 2013: 1
- FWCI
- 5.29
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Theoretical Biology (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Environmental Engineering › Sustainability and Ecological Systems Analysis
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Statistical and Nonlinear Physics › Advanced Thermodynamics and Statistical Mechanics
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Atmospheric Science › Earth Systems and Cosmic Evolution
- Keywords
- material cycling, energy flow, biological systems, statistical mechanics, carbon cycle, cyclic processes, thermodynamics of biological systems
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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