Hepatitis C virus infection and chronic liver disease in Ethiopia where hepatitis B infection is hyperendemic
Abstract
To assess the prevalence and possible aetiological association of hepatitis C virus (HCV) with chronic liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), antibodies to HCV (anti-HCV) were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent and recombinant immunoblot assays in 500 healthy volunteer blood donors, 14 patients with chronic hepatitis, 156 cirrhotics and 68 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in Ethiopia. The prevalences of anti-HCV were 1.4%, 21%, 36% and 46%, respectively. There was no apparent risk factor to suggest the mode of transmission of HCV. Of the 238 patients, 65 (27%) had circulating hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) (denoting current infection), 131 (55%) had antibodies to hepatitis B surface (anti-HBs) and/or core (anti-HBc) antigens (past infection) and 42 (18%) had no hepatitis B virus (HBV) marker. Anti-HCV antibodies were present in only one patient with HBsAg, in 54% with past infection and in 68% of those without HBV markers. Thus, HCV infection was uncommon in HBsAg-positive patients but significantly more common in patients with chronic liver disease and HCC who had evidence of past HBV infection or no marker for HBV infection. HCV infection appeared to be a more common cause of chronic liver disease and HCC than HBV infection in this population. However, considering the high prevalence of overall exposure to HBV infection (68% in healthy blood donors and 82% in those with chronic liver disease, including HCC), HBV is significant in terms of national preventive strategies.
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Major modes of hepatitis C transmission in Africa were related to inadequate blood screening and iatrogenic medical causes.
“Major modes of transmission were related to inadequate blood screening and iatrogenic medical causes [47,75–77].”
From Liver cirrhosis mortality in 187 countries between 1980 and 2010: a systematic analysis (2014) · cites this paper as [76]
In Pakistan, Ethiopia and several other countries, reuse of syringes in health facilities has been common practice.
“as well as in Pakistan, Ethiopia and several other countries where the reuse of syringes in health facilities has been common practice [75,76,81].”
From Liver cirrhosis mortality in 187 countries between 1980 and 2010: a systematic analysis (2014) · cites this paper as [76]
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Perz, J. F., Armstrong, G. L., Farrington, L. A., Hutin, Y. J. F., & Bell, B. P. (2006) · Journal of Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2006.05.013 · Cited by 2,572 · see citing works
Liver cirrhosis mortality in 187 countries between 1980 and 2010: a systematic analysis
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- Authors
- Tsega, E., Nordenfeit, E., & Hansson, B. G.
- Affiliations
- Addis Ababa University (ET)
- Lund University (SE)
- Venue
- Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 1995-03
- Volume
- 89
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 171-174
- ISSN
- 0035-9203 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2052318672
- Cited by
- 33
- References
- 33
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 2 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 5
- FWCI
- 1.18
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Addis Ababa University
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Hepatology › Hepatitis C virus research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Hepatitis B Virus Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Hepatology › Liver physiology and pathology
- Keywords
- hepatitis C virus, chronic liver disease, hepatocellular carcinoma, hepatitis B virus, anti-HCV antibodies, hepatitis B surface antigen, hepatitis B, HCV prevalence, blood donors, Ethiopia
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Blood Donors, Chronic Disease, Hepatitis D, Ethiopia, Female, Hepatitis Antibodies, Hepatitis B Core Antigens, Hepatitis B Surface Antigens, Hepatitis C, Carcinoma, Hepatocellular, Humans, Liver Cirrhosis, Liver Neoplasms, Male, Middle Aged, Prevalence, Hepatitis C Antibodies
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