Cited by 307Empathy and Medical EducationPatient-Provider Communication in HealthcareMedication Adherence and Compliance

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A model of empathic understanding and adherence to treatment regimens in practitioner-patient relationships

Squier, Roger W.·1990·Social Science & Medicine

DOI 10.1016/0277-9536(90)90188-x

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Abstract

Empathic understanding in practitioner relationships is postulated as necessary for adherence to therapeutic regimens. It is considered to be one of the most important practitioner relationship skills leading ultimately to patient health benefit. Research literature from a wide-range of health disciplines including personality theory, social psychology, psychotherapy, psycho-analysis, and practitioner-patient communication highlights the key role of empathic processes in personal health care. A model of empathic understanding is described which attempts to integrate the substantive findings in the research literature and seeks to generate new ideas for further investigation. The model addresses theoretical relationships between practitioners' empathic understanding, patients' knowledge of their illness and motivation to get better, adherence to treatment advice, and outcome. Recent work on the selection and training of medical and nursing staff in empathic skills is reviewed. A number of areas for future research are outlined including the effect of individual practitioner differences in the components of empathy, empathic compatibility in practitioner-patient dyads, fluctuations in levels of practitioner empathy during long-term care, specific practitioner behaviours which communicate empathy, and the relationship between factors of patient satisfaction and the perception of empathic understanding.

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Authors: Squier, R. W.
Corresponding author: Squier, Roger W.
Venue: Social Science & Medicine
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 1990-01
Volume: 30
Issue: 3
Pages: 325-339
ISSN: 0277-9536 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/0277-9536(90)90188-x
OpenAlex: W2087743410
Cited by: 305
References: 96
Citations by year: 2026: 3 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 21
FWCI: 0.50
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Social Science & Medicine (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Empathy and Medical Education
Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Patient-Provider Communication in Healthcare
Health Sciences › Medicine › Family Practice › Medication Adherence and Compliance
Keywords: empathic understanding, medication adherence, practitioner-patient relationship, empathy, disease knowledge, empathy training, patient satisfaction, therapeutic relationship, health care outcomes
MeSH terms: Communication, Education, Medical, Education, Nursing, Empathy, Helping Behavior, Humans, Patient Compliance, Physician-Patient Relations, Psychoanalytic Theory

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A model of empathic understanding and adherence to treatment regimens in practitioner-patient relationships

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