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Cited by 57Advancements in Transdermal Drug DeliveryContact Dermatitis and AllergiesPesticide Exposure and Toxicity

Skin reservoir formation and bioavailability of dermally administered chemicals in hairless guinea pigs

Chu, I., Dick, D., Bronaugh, R., Tryphonas, L.·1996·Food and Chemical Toxicology
DOI 10.1016/0278-6915(95)00112-3
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Abstract

There is concern as to whether dermally applied chemicals that remain in the skin after exposure are bioavailable and should be included as part of the systemic dose; this study was conducted to investigate the temporal relationship between the skin depot and absorbed dose. Single doses of 14C-labelled phenanthrene, benzo[a]pyrene or di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate were administered dermally to groups of four female, Hartley hairless guinea pigs which were housed individually in metabolism cages to collect urine and faeces for radioassay. The animals were sacrificed at 6 hr, 24 hr, 48 hr, 7 days or 14 days after dosing to harvest skin specimens for the determination of radioactivity by autoradiographic and liquid scintillation methods, and to determine the dose that remained in the body. It was found that for all three compounds the amount of chemical left in the skin decreased over time while the cumulative percent dose excreted in urine and faeces increased. The autoradiographic results were consistent with those obtained from the liquid scintillation method showing a gradual decrease in radioactivity grain accumulation over the time periods for the three compounds, with the highest grain density observed around hair follicles of the skin. The results of this study indicate that the chemicals left in the skin after surface washing eventually enter the systemic circulation and should be considered as part of the total dose absorbed, and that the hair follicle may play an important role in percutaneous penetration.

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Crossref · 10.1016/0278-6915(95)00112-3

Cites

18 of 18 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

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  • PAHs, major components of PM2.5, easily penetrate the skin in animal models because of their lipophilic nature.

    “Furthermore, it has been reported that polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), major components of PM2.5, easily penetrate the skin in animal models because of their lipophilic nature (1, 8–10).”

    From Particulate matter causes skin barrier dysfunction. (2021) · cites this paper as [10]

  • PAHs penetrate into the epidermis easily and are stable for 3~6 weeks in vivo.

    “PAHs penetrate into the epidermis easily (8–10) and are stable for 3~6 weeks in vivo (76).”

    From Particulate matter causes skin barrier dysfunction. (2021) · cites this paper as [10]

  • PM2.5 can be accumulated in the skin because they remain in the skin up to 7 days.

    “Additionally, PM2.5 can be accumulated in the skin because they remain in the skin up to 7 days (8, 10).”

    From Particulate matter causes skin barrier dysfunction. (2021) · cites this paper as [10]

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Authors
Chu, I., Dick, D., Bronaugh, R., & Tryphonas, L.
Affiliations
  • Health Canada (CA)
  • Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition (US)
Corresponding author
Chu, I.
Venue
Food and Chemical Toxicology
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
1996-03
Volume
34
Issue
3
Pages
267-276
ISSN
0278-6915 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/0278-6915(95)00112-3
OpenAlex
W2055958126
Cited by
57
References
18
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 2
FWCI
2.48
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
Locations
  • Food and Chemical Toxicology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics › Pharmaceutical Science › Advancements in Transdermal Drug Delivery
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Dermatology › Contact Dermatitis and Allergies
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Pesticide Exposure and Toxicity
Keywords
percutaneous absorption, bioavailability, skin penetration, hair follicle, phenanthrene, benzo[a]pyrene, DEHP, 14C-labeled compounds, hairless guinea pig
MeSH terms
Animals, Benzo(a)pyrene, Biological Availability, Diethylhexyl Phthalate, Female, Guinea Pigs, Injections, Intradermal, Skin, Skin Absorption

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