The DOI matches its Crossref record; 36 of the 36 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
String theory modifies quantum mechanics
Open accessAbstract
Abstract We argue that the light particles in string theory obey an effective quantum mechanics modified by the inclusion of a quantum-gravitational friction term, induced by unavoidable couplings to unobserved massive string states in the space-time foam. This term is related to the W-symmetries that couple light particles to massive solitonic string states in black hole backgrounds, and has a formal similarity to simple models of environmental quantum friction. It increases apparent entropy, and may induce the wave functions of macroscopic systems to collapse.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Particle creation by black holes
Hawking, S. W. (1975) · Communications In Mathematical Physics · doi:10.1007/bf02345020 · Cited by 13,106
Quantum tunnelling in a dissipative system
Caldeira, A. O., & Leggett, A. J. (1983) · Annals of Physics · doi:10.1016/0003-4916(83)90202-6 · Cited by 3,647
Symmetry Breaking through Bell-Jackiw Anomalies
't Hooft, G. (1976) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.37.8 · Cited by 3,362
Computation of the quantum effects due to a four-dimensional pseudoparticle
't Hooft, G. (1976) · Physical Review D · doi:10.1103/physrevd.14.3432 · Cited by 2,909
The theory of a general quantum system interacting with a linear dissipative system
Feynman, R. P., & Vernon, F. L. (1963) · Annals of Physics · doi:10.1016/0003-4916(63)90068-x · Cited by 2,887
Unified dynamics for microscopic and macroscopic systems
Ghirardi, G. C., Rimini, A., & Weber, T. (1986) · Physical Review D · doi:10.1103/physrevd.34.470 · Cited by 2,798
Witten, E. (1991) · Physical Review D · doi:10.1103/physrevd.44.314 · Cited by 1,273
Erratum: Computation of the quantum effects due to a four-dimensional pseudoparticle
Hooft, G. '. (1978) · Physical Review D · doi:10.1103/physrevd.18.2199.3 · Cited by 594
The unpredictability of quantum gravity
Hawking, S. W. (1982) · Communications in Mathematical Physics · doi:10.1007/bf01206031 · Cited by 571
String propagation in black hole geometry
Dijgraaf, R., Verlinde, H., & Verlinde, E. (1992) · Nuclear Physics B · doi:10.1016/0550-3213(92)90237-6 · Cited by 552
Cited by
Tests of quantum gravity from observations of γ-ray bursts
Amelino-Camelia, G., Ellis, J., Mavromatos, N. E., Nanopoulos, D. V., & Sarkar, S. (1998) · Nature · doi:10.1038/31647 · Cited by 1,430
Self-citationA short walk through quantum optomechanics
Meystre, P. (2013) · Annalen der Physik · doi:10.1002/andp.201200226 · Cited by 422
DOUBLY-SPECIAL RELATIVITY: FIRST RESULTS AND KEY OPEN PROBLEMS
AMELINO-CAMELIA, G. (2002) · International Journal of Modern Physics D · doi:10.1142/s021827180200302x · Cited by 294
Quantum superposition of massive objects and collapse models
Romero-Isart, O. (2011) · Physical Review A · doi:10.1103/physreva.84.052121 · Cited by 276
Synchrotron radiation from the Crab Nebula discriminates between models of space–time foam
Ellis, J. R., Mavromatos, N. E., & Sakharov, A. S. (2004) · Astroparticle Physics · doi:10.1016/j.astropartphys.2003.12.001 · Cited by 116
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Ellis, J., Mavromatos, N. E., & Nanopoulos, D. V.
- Venue
- Physics Letters B
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1992-10
- Volume
- 293
- Issue
- 1-2
- Pages
- 37-48
- ISSN
- 0370-2693 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1999739013
- Cited by
- 260
- References
- 36
- FWCI
- 4.06
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: String theory modifies quantum mechanics. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1016/0370-2693(92)91478-r
- The paper
- Ellis, J., Mavromatos, N. E., & Nanopoulos, D. V. (1992). String theory modifies quantum mechanics. Physics Letters B. https://doi.org/10.1016/0370-2693(92)91478-r
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
