The DOI matches its Crossref record; 37 of the 37 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Quantification of liver fat using magnetic resonance spectroscopy
Abstract
Localized proton MR spectroscopy using stimulated echoes was used to quantify the liver fat concentration in patients with various degrees of fatty liver due to alcohol abuse. Ten patients underwent a liver biopsy followed by chemical triglyceride estimation of the fatty content. A statistically significant correlation was found between the fat concentration measured in the liver biopsies, and the concentration calculated from the spectroscopic experiments (r = 0.9, p < .001). Quantitative assessment of liver fat concentrations using localized spectroscopy is superior to methods based on differences in relaxation times, and can be used to estimate the fat concentration over the full range of fat content in contrast to the spectroscopic imaging methods. Localized spectroscopy may replace liver biopsy in the diagnosis of diffuse fatty infiltrations, and can be used for follow-up, due to its noninvasive nature.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“This measurement has been validated against histologically determined lipid content 44 and against estimates of fatty degeneration or infiltration by x-ray computer-assisted tomography.38”
From Increased liver fat, impaired insulin clearance, and hepatic and adipose tissue insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes. (2008) · cites this paper as [44]
Citations
Cites
Hahn, E. L. (1950) · Physical Review · doi:10.1103/physrev.80.580 · Cited by 5,089
Simple proton spectroscopic imaging.
Dixon, W. T. (1984) · Radiology · doi:10.1148/radiology.153.1.6089263 · Cited by 2,261
Localized proton spectroscopy using stimulated echoes
Frahm, J., Merboldt, K., & Hänicke, W. (1987) · Journal of Magnetic Resonance (1969) · doi:10.1016/0022-2364(87)90154-5 · Cited by 837
Piekarski, J., Goldberg, H. I., Royal, S. A., Axel, L., & Moss, A. A. (1980) · Radiology · doi:10.1148/radiology.137.3.6934563 · Cited by 290
Fatty Infiltration of the Liver
Longo, R., RICC, C., Masutti, F., VIDIMARI, R., CROC, L. S., Bercich, L., Tiribelli, C., & Palma, L. D. (1993) · Investigative Radiology · doi:10.1097/00004424-199304000-00006 · Cited by 272
Initial Clinical Evaluation of a Whole Body Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Tomograph
YOUNG, I. R., Bailes, D. R., Burl, M., Collins, A. G., Smith, D. T., McDonnell, M. J., Orr, J. S., Banks, L. M., Bydder, G. M., Greenspan, R. H., et al. (1982) · Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography · doi:10.1097/00004728-198202000-00001 · Cited by 190
Fatty liver: Biochemical and clinical considerations
Hoyumpa, A. M., Greene, H. L., Dunn, G. D., & Schenker, S. (1975) · Digestive Diseases and Sciences · doi:10.1007/bf01070758 · Cited by 178
The accuracy of ultrasound in the detection of fatty infiltration of the liver
Foster, K. J., Dewbury, K. C., Griffith, A. H., & Wright, R. (1980) · British Journal of Radiology · doi:10.1259/0007-1285-53-629-440 · Cited by 178
Fatty infiltration of the liver: quantification with phase-contrast MR imaging at 1.5 T vs biopsy.
Levenson, H., Greensite, F. S., Hoefs, J. C., Friloux, L. A., Applegate, G. R., Silva, E., Kanel, G. C., & Buxton, R. B. (1991) · American Journal of Roentgenology · doi:10.2214/ajr.156.2.1898804 · Cited by 169
Nuclear magnetic resonance imaging of the liver: initial experience
Fh, D., Jm, P., Banks, L., McDonnell, M., Bydder, G. M., Steiner, R., Young, I., Clarke, G. J., Pasmore, T., & Gilderdale, D. J. (1982) · American Journal of Roentgenology · doi:10.2214/ajr.138.2.193 · Cited by 152
Bruhn, H., Frahm, J., Gyngell, M. L., Merboldt, K. D., Hänicke, W., & Sauter, R. (1991) · Magnetic Resonance in Medicine · doi:10.1002/mrm.1910170113 · Cited by 149
Nuclear magnetic resonance imaging of experimentally induced liver disease.
Stark, D. D., Bass, N. M., Moss, A. A., Bacon, B. R., McKerrow, J. H., Cann, C. E., Brito, A. C., & Goldberg, H. I. (1983) · Radiology · doi:10.1148/radiology.148.3.6192464 · Cited by 149
Ordidge, R. J., & Cresshull, I. D. (1986) · Journal of Magnetic Resonance (1969) · doi:10.1016/0022-2364(86)90228-3 · Cited by 126
Chronic liver disease: evaluation by magnetic resonance.
Stark, D. D., Goldberg, H. I., Moss, A. A., & Bass, N. M. (1984) · Radiology · doi:10.1148/radiology.150.1.6689754 · Cited by 114
Lee, J. K., Dixon, W. T., Ling, D., Levitt, R. G., & Murphy, W. A. (1984) · Radiology · doi:10.1148/radiology.153.1.6089264 · Cited by 110
Accuracy of computed tomography in diagnosis of fatty liver.
Bydder, G. M., Kreel, L., Chapman, R. W., Harry, D. S., Sherlock, S., & Bassan, L. (1980) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.281.6247.1042 · Cited by 86
Fatty infiltration of the liver: evaluation by proton spectroscopic imaging.
Heiken, J. P., Lee, J. K., & Dixon, W. T. (1985) · Radiology · doi:10.1148/radiology.157.3.2997837 · Cited by 56
Rosen, B. R., Carter, E. A., Pykett, I. L., Buchbinder, B. R., & Brady, T. J. (1985) · Radiology · doi:10.1148/radiology.154.2.3966134 · Cited by 55
Multiple NMR T2 relaxation values in human liver tissue
Bernardino, M., Small, W. C., Goldstein, J. H., Sewell, C. W., Sones, P., Gedgaudas-McClees, K., Jt, G., Wenger, J., & Casarella, W. J. (1983) · American Journal of Roentgenology · doi:10.2214/ajr.141.6.1203 · Cited by 47
Bárány, M., Venkatasubramanian, P. N., Mok, E., Siegel, I. M., Abraham, E., Wycliffe, N., & Mafee, M. F. (1989) · Magnetic Resonance in Medicine · doi:10.1002/mrm.1910100206 · Cited by 45
Meek, D. R., Mills, P. R., Gray, H., Duncan, J. G., Russell, R. I., & McKillop, J. H. (1984) · British Journal of Radiology · doi:10.1259/0007-1285-57-673-23 · Cited by 45
MR pulse sequences for selective relaxation time measurements: A phantom study
Thomsen, C. E., Jensen, K. E., Jensen, M., Olsen, E. R., & Henriksen, O. (1990) · Magnetic Resonance Imaging · doi:10.1016/0730-725x(90)90211-j · Cited by 39
Self-citationNuclear magnetic resonance of the liver, spleen, and pancreas
Stark, D. D., Moss, A. A., & Goldberg, H. I. (1986) · CardioVascular and Interventional Radiology · doi:10.1007/bf02552370 · Cited by 27
* (1987) · Clinical Radiology · doi:10.1016/s0009-9260(87)80131-9 · Cited by 27
Hazle, J. D., Narayana, P. A., & Dunsford, H. A. (1990) · Magnetic Resonance in Medicine · doi:10.1002/mrm.1910150205 · Cited by 19
Asymmetric Spin Echo Sequences A Simple New Method for Obtaining NMR !H Spectral Images
Blatter, D. D., Morris, A. H., Ailion, D. C., Cutillo, A., & Case, T. A. (1985) · Investigative Radiology · doi:10.1097/00004424-198511000-00012 · Cited by 18
Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Liver
Haaga, J. R. (1984) · Radiologic Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/s0033-8389(22)01878-4 · Cited by 16
Thomsen, C. E., Henriksen, O. B., & Ring, P. (1988) · Magnetic Resonance Imaging · doi:10.1016/0730-725x(88)90480-8 · Cited by 15
Self-citationMagnetic Resonance Imaging of the Liver
Haaga, J. R. (2008) · Contemporary Diagnostic Radiology · doi:10.1097/01.cdr.0000310557.03260.f9 · Cited by 15
Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Diseases of the Liver and Biliary System
Kanzer, G. K., & Weinreb, J. C. (1991) · Radiologic Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/s0033-8389(22)02477-0 · Cited by 14
Jensen, K. E., Stenver, D. I., Jensen, M., Grundtvig, P., Thomsen, C. E., Karle, H., Henriksen, O., & NIELSEN, B. L. (1990) · Magnetic Resonance Imaging · doi:10.1016/0730-725x(90)90095-j · Cited by 12
Self-citationVariations of the 1H spin-lattice relaxation in a fatty liver model as compared to normal liver
Fantazzini, P., Lendinara, L., & Novello, F. (1989) · Magnetic Resonance Imaging · doi:10.1016/0730-725x(89)90482-7 · Cited by 9
Spectroscopic MRI: A tool for the evaluation of systemic lipid storage disease
Leroy‐Willig, A., Duboc, D., Bittoun, J., Jolivet, O., Doumith, R., Paturneau-Jouas, M., Idy-Peretti, I., & Syrota, A. (1990) · Magnetic Resonance Imaging · doi:10.1016/0730-725x(90)90060-f · Cited by 8
Jacobs, D. O., Trerotola, S. O., Settle, R. G., Rolandelli, R. H., Wolf, G. L., & Rombeau, J. L. (1985) · Journal of Surgical Research · doi:10.1016/0022-4804(85)90157-x · Cited by 8
Diffuse fatty infiltration of the liver by magnetic resonance
Pope, C. F., Gore, J. C., Sostman, D., Lange, R., & Riely, C. A. (1986) · Magnetic Resonance Imaging · doi:10.1016/0730-725x(86)91069-6 · Cited by 8
In-vivo-Messung von Geweberelaxationszeiten mit lokalisierter31P- und1H-MR-Spektroskopie
Träber, F., Steudel, A., & Harder, T. (2008) · RöFo - Fortschritte auf dem Gebiet der Röntgenstrahlen und der bildgebenden Verfahren · doi:10.1055/s-2008-1033363 · Cited by 8
[Nuclear magnetic resonance tomography in the study of the liver and its diseases].
Rödl, W. (1985) · PubMed · Cited by 1
Research works printed but not linked: 3
- Von Rödl, 1985, Die Kernspintomographie zur Untersuchung der Leber und ihrer Erkrankungen, Z. Gastroenterol., 23, 31
- Fantazzini, 1987, 1H-NMR in vitro sensitivity to lipid accumulation, Eurospin, 10, 77
- Henriksen, 1987, Rekommandation af regime ved perkutan leverbiopsi, Ugeskr. Laeger, 47, 3177
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Prevalence of Hepatic Steatosis in An Urban Population in the United States: Impact of Ethnicity
Browning, J. D., Szczepaniak, L. S., Dobbins, R., Nuremberg, P., Horton, J. D., Cohen, J. C., Grundy, S. M., & Hobbs, H. H. (2004) · Hepatology · doi:10.1002/hep.20466 · Cited by 3,664
Szczepaniak, L. S., Nurenberg, P., Leonard, D. S., Browning, J. D., Reingold, J. S., Grundy, S. M., Hobbs, H. H., & Dobbins, R. L. (2004) · American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00064.2004 · Cited by 1,573
Seppala-Lindroos, A. (2002) · Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.87.7.3023 · Cited by 168
Quantitative assessment of liver fat with magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy
Reeder, S. B., Cruite, I., Hamilton, G., & Sirlin, C. B. (2011) · Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging · doi:10.1002/jmri.22580 · Cited by 823
Kotronen, A., & Yki‐Järvinen, H. (2007) · Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology · doi:10.1161/atvbaha.107.147538 · Cited by 793
Metadata
- Authors
- Thomsen, C., Becker, U., Winkler, K., Christoffersen, P., Jensen, M., & Henriksen, O.
- Affiliations
- University of Copenhagen (DK)
- Corresponding author
- Thomsen, Carsten
- Venue
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1994-01
- Volume
- 12
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 487-495
- ISSN
- 0730-725X (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2093071246
- Cited by
- 332
- References
- 37
- Citations by year
- 2025: 4 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 17 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 18 · 2012: 17
- FWCI
- 1.37
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Hepatology › Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Spectroscopy › NMR spectroscopy and applications
- Keywords
- liver fat quantification, 1H NMR, stimulated echo, alcoholic fatty liver, liver biopsy, triglyceride content, non-invasive diagnosis
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Biopsy, Fatty Liver, Alcoholic, Female, Humans, Lipids, Liver, Male, Middle Aged, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review