The murine 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase multigene family: Structure, function and tissue-specific expression
Abstract
The classical form of the enzyme 5-ene-3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/isomerase (3 beta HSD), expressed in adrenal glands and gonads, catalyzes the conversion of 5-ene-3 beta-hydroxysteroids to 4-ene-3-ketosteroids, an essential step in the biosynthesis of all active steroid hormones. To date, four distinct mouse 3 beta HSD cDNAs have been isolated and characterized. These cDNAs are expressed in a tissue-specific manner and encode proteins of two functional classes. Mouse 3 beta HSD I and III function as 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases and 5-en-->4-en isomerases using NAD+ as a cofactor. The enzymatic function of 3 beta HSD II has not been completely characterized. Mouse 3 beta HSD IV functions only as a 3-ketosteroid reductase using NADPH as a cofactor. The predicted amino acid sequences of the four isoforms exhibit a high degree of identity. Forms II and III are 85 and 83% homologous to form I. Form IV is most distant from the other three with 77 and 73% sequence identity to I and III, respectively. 3 beta HSD I is expressed in the gonads and adrenal glands of the adult mouse. 3 beta HSD II and III are expressed in the kidney and liver with the expression of form II greater in kidney and form III greater in liver. Form IV is expressed exclusively in the kidney. Although the amino acid composition of forms I, III and IV predicts proteins of the same molecular weight, the proteins have different mobilities on SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. This characteristic allows for differential identification of the expressed proteins. The four structural genes encoding the different isoforms are closely linked within a segment of mouse chromosome 3 that is conserved on human chromosome 1.
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Enzyme isoforms vary greatly between species, so care should be taken when using animal models to study intracrinology.
“It should again be noted that care should be taken when using animal models to study intracrinology as the enzyme isoforms vary greatly between species.”
From Intracrine androgen biosynthesis, metabolism and action revisited (2018) · cites this paper as Payne et al., 1995
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- Authors
- Payne, A. H., Clarke, T. R., & Bain, P. A.
- Affiliations
- University of Michigan (US)
- Corresponding author
- Payne, Anita H.
- ORCID
- Bain, Paul A.
- Venue
- The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1995-06
- Volume
- 53
- Issue
- 1-6
- Pages
- 111-118
- ISSN
- 0960-0760 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2009461719
- Cited by
- 25
- References
- 29
- Citations by year
- 2023: 1 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 1 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 1 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 2.11
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (7r01hd017916-13)
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (HD-17916, HD-07048, T32HD007048)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adrenal Hormones and Disorders
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Steroid Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Hormonal Regulation and Hypertension
- Keywords
- 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, NAD+ cofactor, NADPH cofactor, steroidogenesis, tissue-specific gene expression, mouse chromosome 3, chromosome 1, cDNA cloning, protein isoforms
- MeSH terms
- Amino Acid Sequence, Animals, Chromosome Mapping, Biological Evolution, Genes, Multigene Family, Humans, Isoenzymes, Molecular Sequence Data, NAD, Steroids, Substrate Specificity, Tissue Distribution, 3-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases, Sequence Alignment, Sequence Homology, Amino Acid, Mice
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