Cited by 87Colorectal Cancer Screening and DetectionGenetic factors in colorectal cancerCoffee research and impacts

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 32 of the 32 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Cigarettes, alcohol, coffee, and caffeine as risk factors for colorectal adenomatous polyps

Open access
Lee, Won Chul, Neugut, Alfred I., Garbowski, Gail C., Forde, Kenneth A., Treat, Michael R., Ways, Jerome D., Fenoglio-Preiser, Cecilia·1993·Annals of Epidemiology

Abstract

The possible association of colorectal adenomatous polyps, a precursor lesion for colorectal cancer, with cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, and coffee and caffeine consumption was investigated in a case-control study. Between April 1986 and March 1988, 271 cases of patients with pathologically confirmed incident colorectal adenomatous polyps and 457 control subjects were collected from three colonoscopy practices in New York City. Information on exposure was obtained by structured interviews. After adjustment of age, statistically significant odds ratios (highest-lowest quartile) were found for cigarette smoking in males (2.2; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.2 to 3.8) and coffee consumption in females (2.0%; 95% CI, 1.0 to 3.9). No significant associations were obtained for cigarette smoking in females, for coffee consumption in males, or for alcohol or caffeine consumption. After adjustments for alcohol, coffee, and caffeine consumption, the association of adenomas with cigarette smoking remained in males and significant associations were also observed in subcategory analysis for both left-side and right-side adenomatous polyps. Adjustment for cigarette smoking eliminated the association between colorectal adenomatous polyps and coffee consumption in females. Cigarette smoking appears to be a significant risk factor for colorectal adenomatous polyps in males.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/1047-2797(93)90025-y

Cites

32 of 32 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • Caffeine in doses of between 300 and 500 mg can soothe post-dural puncture headaches.

    “In addition, caffeine in doses of between 300 and 500 mg can soothe post-dural puncture headaches, which is the most common complication of lumbar puncture procedures (100).”

    From The Safety of Ingested Caffeine: A Comprehensive Review (2017) · cites this paper as [100]

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Research works printed but not linked: 2

  1. American Cancer Society, 1989, Mortality for the five leading cancer sites by age group, United States 1985, CA, 39, 3
  2. Leighton, 1988, A comparison of face-to-face food frequency interviews with telephone interviews and self-administered questionnaires (abstract), Am J Epidemiol., 128, 891

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Metadata

Authors
Lee, W. C., Neugut, A. I., Garbowski, G. C., Forde, K. A., Treat, M. R., Ways, J. D., & Fenoglio-Preiser, C.
Affiliations
  • Columbia University (US)
  • Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (US)
Corresponding author
Neugut, Alfred I.
Venue
Annals of Epidemiology
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
1993-05
Volume
3
Issue
3
Pages
239-244
ISSN
1047-2797 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2046612522
Cited by
87
References
32
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 3 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 1 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 3
FWCI
2.34
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Annals of Epidemiology (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Colorectal Cancer Screening and Detection
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Genetic factors in colorectal cancer
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology (medical) › Coffee research and impacts
Keywords
colorectal adenoma, cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, coffee consumption, caffeine consumption, risk factors, colorectal cancer precursors, sex differences
MeSH terms
Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Alcohol Drinking, Caffeine, Coffee, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, New York City, Risk Factors, Smoking, Colorectal Neoplasms, Case-Control Studies, Adenomatous Polyps

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review