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Prevalence and characteristics of e-cigarette users in Great Britain: Findings from a general population survey of smokers
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: E-cigarettes may be effective smoking cessation aids and their use by smokers has been growing rapidly. It is important to observe and assess natural patterns in the use of e-cigarettes whilst experimental data accumulates. This paper reports the prevalence of e-cigarette awareness, beliefs and usage, including brand choice, and characterises the socio-demographic and smoking profile associated with current use, among the general population of smokers and recent ex-smokers. METHODS: Data were obtained from 3538 current and 579 recent ex-smokers in a cross-sectional online survey of a national sample of smokers in Great Britain in November and December 2012. Differences between current and recent ex-smokers in the prevalence of e-cigarette awareness, beliefs and usage were examined and the socio-demographic and smoking profile associated with current use of e-cigarettes was assessed in a series of simple and multiple logistic regressions. RESULTS: Ninety-three percent of current and recent ex-smokers (n=3841) were aware of e-cigarettes. Approximately a fifth (n=884) were currently using e-cigarettes, whilst just over a third (n=1507) had ever used them. Sixty-seven percent of the sample (n=2758) believed e-cigarettes to be less harmful than cigarettes; however, almost a quarter (n=994) remained unsure. Among both current and recent ex-smokers, the most popular reasons for using were health, cutting down and quitting (each >80%) and 38% used the brand 'E-lites'. Among current smokers who were aware of but had never used e-cigarettes, approximately half (n=1040) were interested in using them in the future. Among current smokers, their use was associated with higher socio-economic status (OR=1.48, 95%CI=1.25-1.75), smoking more cigarettes (OR=1.02, 95%CI=1.01-1.03) and having a past-year quit attempt (OR=2.82, 95%CI=2.38-3.34). CONCLUSIONS: There is a near universal awareness of e-cigarettes and their use appears to be common among smokers in Great Britain although a quarter of all smokers are unsure as to whether e-cigarettes are less harmful than cigarettes. E-lites - a brand that delivers a low dose of nicotine - is the most popular. E-cigarette users appear to have higher socio-economic status, to smoke more cigarettes per day and to have attempted to quit in the past year.
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“although it is worth noting that the reported rate of longer-term e-cigarette usage in the ELONS study is low compared with the estimates of one in five smokers or recent ex-smokers using e-cigarettes in the general population.107”
From Evaluating Long-term Outcomes of NHS Stop Smoking Services (ELONS): a prospective cohort study (2015) · cites this paper as [107]
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Lim, S. S., Vos, T., Flaxman, A. D., Danaei, G., Shibuya, K., Adair-Rohani, H., AlMazroa, M. A., Amann, M., Anderson, H. R., Andrews, K. G., et al. (2012) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(12)61766-8 · Cited by 11,805
Levels of selected carcinogens and toxicants in vapour from electronic cigarettes
Goniewicz, M. L., Knysak, J., Gawron, M., Kośmider, L., Sobczak, A., Kurek, J., Prokopowicz, A., Jabłońska‐Czapla, M., Rosik‐Dulewska, C., Havel, C. M., et al. (2013) · Tobacco Control · doi:10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2012-050859 · Cited by 1,706
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Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems
Adkison, S. E., O’Connor, R. J., Bansal‐Travers, M., Hyland, A. J., Borland, R., Yong, H., Cummings, K. M., McNeill, A. D., Thrasher, J. F., Hammond, D. G., et al. (2013) · American Journal of Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2012.10.018 · Cited by 699
Self-citationNicotine Levels in Electronic Cigarettes
Goniewicz, M. L., Kuma, T., Gawron, M., Knysak, J., & Kośmider, L. (2012) · Nicotine & Tobacco Research · doi:10.1093/ntr/nts103 · Cited by 591
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e-Cigarette Awareness, Use, and Harm Perceptions in US Adults
Pearson, J., Richardson, A. K., NIAURA, R. S., Vallone, D., & Abrams, D. B. (2012) · American Journal of Public Health · doi:10.2105/ajph.2011.300526 · Cited by 510
‘Vaping’ profiles and preferences: an online survey of electronic cigarette users
Dawkins, L., Turner, J. J., Roberts, A. D. L., & Soar, K. (2013) · Addiction · doi:10.1111/add.12150 · Cited by 461
Vansickel, A. R., Cobb, C. O., Weaver, M. F., & Eissenberg, T. (2010) · Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention · doi:10.1158/1055-9965.epi-10-0288 · Cited by 382
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- Esterl, 2013, E-cigarettes fire up investors, regulators, Wall Street Journal
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Electronic cigarettes for smoking cessation
Hartmann‐Boyce, J., McRobbie, H. J., Bullen, C., Begh, R. A., Stead, L. F., & Hájek, P. (2016) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd010216.pub3 · Cited by 1,217
Kalkhoran, S., & Glantz, S. A. (2016) · The Lancet Respiratory Medicine · doi:10.1016/s2213-2600(15)00521-4 · Cited by 895
Electronic cigarettes for smoking cessation and reduction
McRobbie, H. J., Bullen, C., Hartmann‐Boyce, J., & Hájek, P. (2014) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd010216.pub2 · Cited by 553
Shahab, L., Goniewicz, M. L., Blount, B. C., Brown, J., McNeill, A., Alwis, K. U., Feng, J., Wang, L., & West, R. (2017) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/m16-1107 · Cited by 538
Self-citationBrown, J., Beard, E., Kotz, D., Michie, S., & West, R. (2014) · Addiction · doi:10.1111/add.12623 · Cited by 476
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Metadata
- Authors
- Brown, J., West, R., Beard, E., Michie, S., Shahab, L., & McNeill, A.
- Affiliations
- Cancer Research UK (GB)
- University College London (GB)
- King's College London (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Brown, Jamie
- Venue
- Addictive Behaviors
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2014-06
- Volume
- 39
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1120-1125
- ISSN
- 0306-4603 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4003532
- OpenAlex
- W2041995198
- Cited by
- 242
- References
- 24
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 17 · 2021: 25 · 2020: 23 · 2019: 24 · 2018: 22 · 2017: 29 · 2016: 35 · 2015: 30 · 2014: 11
- FWCI
- 23.34
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Locations
- Addictive Behaviors (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
- Research Portal (King's College London) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- UK Society for the Study of Addiction
- UK Centre for Tobacco & Alcohol Studies
- UK Clinical Research
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Smoking Behavior and Cessation
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Marketing › Consumer Behavior and Marketing Influence
- Keywords
- electronic cigarettes, e-cigarette use prevalence, smokers, former smokers, e-cigarette awareness, brand choice, smoking cessation, socioeconomic status, smoking intensity, quit attempts, Great Britain, tobacco control, harm reduction, nicotine dose, smoking cessation aids, tobacco harm reduction
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, United Kingdom, Humans, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Male, Socioeconomic Factors, Tobacco Use Disorder, Prevalence, Odds Ratio, Smoking Cessation, Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems
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