Prescription drug monitoring programs, nonmedical use of prescription drugs, and heroin use: evidence from the national survey of drug use and health
Open accessAbstract
In the United States, nonmedical prescription opioid use is a major public health concern. Various policy initiatives have been undertaken to tackle this crisis, including state prescription drug monitoring programs (PDMPs). This study uses the 2004-2014 National Survey of Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) and exploits state-level variation in the timing of PDMP implementation and PDMP characteristics to investigate whether PDMPs are associated with a reduction in prescription opioid misuse or whether they have the unintended consequence of increasing heroin use. In addition, the study examines the impact of PDMPs on the availability of opioids from various sources. The study finds no effect of PDMP status on various measures of nonmedical prescription opioid use (abuse, dependence, and initiation), but finds evidence of a reduction in the number of days of opioid misuse in the past year. The study also finds that implementation of PDMP was not associated with an increase in heroin use or initiation, but was associated with an increase in number of days of heroin use in the past year. Findings also suggest that PDMPs were associated with a significant decline in doctor shopping among individuals without increasing reliance on illegal sources (e.g., drug dealers, stealing, etc.) or social sources (friends or relatives) as a means of obtaining opioids. The President's FY2017 budget proposed the allocation of $1.1 billion in an effort to reduce prescription drug misuse, and highlighted the use of PDMPs as a policy tool. This study documents evidence that PDMPs might be having measurable impact.
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If the opioid crisis in the US is to be "solved" it will require a multilevel initiative engaging all sectors of the healthcare system.
“If the opioid crisis in the US is to be “solved” it will require a multilevel initiative engaging all sectors of the healthcare system (186).”
From A Biopsychosocial Overview of the Opioid Crisis: Considering Nutrition and Gastrointestinal Health (2019) · cites this paper as [186]
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- Authors
- Ali, M. M., Dowd, W. N., Classen, T., Mutter, R., & Novak, S. P.
- Affiliations
- Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (US)
- RTI International (US)
- Loyola University Chicago (US)
- Corresponding author
- Ali, Mir M.
- Venue
- Addictive Behaviors
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2017-06
- Volume
- 69
- Pages
- 65-77
- ISSN
- 0306-4603 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2570063599
- Cited by
- 153
- References
- 15
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 18 · 2021: 25 · 2020: 18 · 2019: 32 · 2018: 24 · 2017: 13 · 2013: 1
- FWCI
- 22.41
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- hdl.handle.net
- Licence
- public-domain
- www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
- Locations
- Addictive Behaviors (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Lancaster EPrints (Lancaster University) (submittedVersion)
- Maryland Shared Open Access Repository (USMAI Consortium) (submittedVersion, public-domain)
- Digital Repository at the University of Maryland (University of Maryland College Park) (public-domain)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Opioid Use Disorder Treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Economics and Econometrics › Healthcare Policy and Management
- Keywords
- prescription drug monitoring programs, prescription opioid misuse, heroin use, doctor shopping, opioid availability, drug policy evaluation, opioid use disorder, opioid initiation
- MeSH terms
- Prescription Drug Monitoring Programs, Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Female, Health Surveys, Heroin Dependence, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, United States, Young Adult, Prescription Drug Misuse
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