The DOI matches its Crossref record; 97 of the 98 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Gender and racial disparities in adherence to statin therapy: A meta-analysis
Abstract
Background Significant disparities exist in cardiovascular outcomes based on race/ethnicity and gender. Rates of evidence-based medication use and long-term medication adherence also appear to be lower in racial subgroups and women but have been subject to little attention. Our objective was to evaluate the effect of race/ethnicity and gender on adherence to statin therapy for primary or secondary prevention. Methods and results Studies were identified through a systematic search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, ClinicalTrials.gov, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (through April 1, 2010) and manual examination of references in selected articles. Studies reporting on adherence to statins by men and women or patients of white and nonwhite race were included. Information on study design, adherence measurement, duration, geographic location, sample size, and patient demographics was extracted using a standardized protocol. From 3,022 potentially relevant publications, 53 studies were included. Compared with men, women had a 10% greater odds of nonadherence (odds ratio 1.10, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.07-1.13). Nonwhite race patients had a 53% greater odds of nonadherence than white race patients (odds ratio 1.53, 95% CI 1.25-1.87). There was significant heterogeneity in the pooled estimate for gender (I(2) 0.95, P value for heterogeneity <.001) and race (I(2) 0.98, P value for heterogeneity <.001). The overall results remained unchanged in those subgroups that had significantly less heterogeneity. Conclusions Among patients prescribed statins, women and nonwhite patients are at increased risk for nonadherence. Further research is needed to identify interventions best suited to improve adherence in these populations.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Some evidence exist for inflammatory arthritis and robust evidence for cardiovascular conditions (in the USA) that white ethnicity is associated with higher adherence [33, 38].”
From Medication adherence influencing factors—an (updated) overview of systematic reviews (2019) · cites this paper as [33]
In the citing paper
“In contrast, 2/3 of all included SRs were at high risk of bias in two or three domains [20, 21, 23, 24, 26, 30, 33, 35, 37–39].”
From Medication adherence influencing factors—an (updated) overview of systematic reviews (2019) · cites this paper as [33]
In the citing paper
“Some evidence for higher adherence in women was noted exclusively in cardiovascular conditions [21, 23, 33, 37].”
From Medication adherence influencing factors—an (updated) overview of systematic reviews (2019) · cites this paper as [33]
Citations
Cites
Quantifying heterogeneity in a meta‐analysis
Higgins, J. P. T., & Thompson, S. G. (2002) · Statistics in Medicine · doi:10.1002/sim.1186 · Cited by 36,763
(2014) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 17,633
Osterberg, L., & Blaschke, T. (2005) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmra050100 · Cited by 7,974
Unequal treatment: confronting racial and ethnic disparities in health care
(2003) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.40-5843 · Cited by 7,043
Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2010 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association
WRITING GROUP MEMBERS, Lloyd-Jones, D., Adams, R. J., Brown, T. M., Carnethon, M., Dai, S., De Simone, G., Ferguson, T. B., Ford, E., Furie, K., et al. (2010) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.109.192667 · Cited by 5,700
Capps, L. (2003) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.290.18.2487-b · Cited by 4,558
Explaining the decrease in U.S. deaths from coronary disease, 1980–2000
Ford, E. S., Ajani, U. A., Croft, J. B., Critchley, J. A., Labarthe, D. R., Kottke, T. E., Giles, W. H., & Capewell, S. (2007) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmsa053935 · Cited by 2,757
A systematic review of the associations between dose regimens and medication compliance
Claxton, A. J., Cramer, J., & Pierce, C. (2001) · Clinical Therapeutics · doi:10.1016/s0149-2918(01)80109-0 · Cited by 2,388
Impact of Medication Adherence on Hospitalization Risk and Healthcare Cost
Sokol, M. C., McGuigan, K. A., Verbrugge, R. R., & Epstein, R. S. (2005) · Medical Care · doi:10.1097/01.mlr.0000163641.86870.af · Cited by 1,729
Effect of Statins on Risk of Coronary Disease: A Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
LaRosa, J. C., He, J., & Vupputuri, S. (1999) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.282.24.2340 · Cited by 1,246
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- Shalansky, 2002, Effect of number of medications on cardiovascular therapy adherence, Ann Pharmacother, 36, 1532, 10.1345/aph.1C044 · DOI · Paper page
Cited by
Sorted by citations
2016 ESC/EAS Guidelines for the Management of Dyslipidaemias
Catapano, A. L., Graham, I., De Backer, G., Wiklund, O., Chapman, M. J., Drexel, H., Hoes, A. W., Jennings, C. S., Landmesser, U., Pedersen, T. R., et al. (2016) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehw272 · Cited by 3,162
2016 ESC/EAS Guidelines for the Management of Dyslipidaemias
Catapano, A. L., Graham, I., De Backer, G., Wiklund, O., Chapman, M. J., Drexel, H., Hoes, A. W., Jennings, C. S., Landmesser, U., Pedersen, T. R., et al. (2016) · Atherosclerosis · doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2016.08.018 · Cited by 1,582
Havranek, E. P., Mujahid, M. S., Barr, D. A., Blair, I. V., Cohen, M. S., Cruz-Flores, S., Davey-Smith, G., Dennison-Himmelfarb, C. R., Lauer, M. S., Lockwood, D. W., et al. (2015) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/cir.0000000000000228 · Cited by 1,472
National Lipid Association Recommendations for Patient-Centered Management of Dyslipidemia: Part 2
Jacobson, T. A., Maki, K. C., Orringer, C. E., Jones, P. H., Kris-Etherton, P., Sikand, G., La Forge, R., Daniels, S. R., Wilson, D. P., Morris, P. B., et al. (2015) · Journal of Clinical Lipidology · doi:10.1016/j.jacl.2015.09.002 · Cited by 784
Action Plan for Stroke in Europe 2018–2030
Norrving, B. G., Barrick, J., Dávalos, A., Dichgans, M., Cordonnier, C., Guekht, A. B., Kutluk, K., Mikulík, R., Wardlaw, J. M., Richard, E., et al. (2018) · European Stroke Journal · doi:10.1177/2396987318808719 · Cited by 617
Metadata
- Authors
- Lewey, J., Shrank, W. H., Bowry, A. D. K., Kilabuk, E., Brennan, T. A., & Choudhry, N. K.
- Affiliations
- Brigham and Women's Hospital (US)
- St. Michael's Hospital (CA)
- CVS Health (United States) (US)
- Corresponding author
- Choudhry, Niteesh K.
- Venue
- American Heart Journal
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2013-05
- Volume
- 165
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 665-678.e1
- ISSN
- 0002-8703 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2100554124
- Cited by
- 267
- References
- 98
- Citations by year
- 2026: 14 · 2025: 22 · 2024: 17 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 26 · 2021: 26 · 2020: 27 · 2019: 21 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 21 · 2016: 22 · 2015: 20 · 2014: 19 · 2013: 3
- FWCI
- 2.82
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- American Heart Journal (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Family Practice › Medication Adherence and Compliance
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Sex and Gender in Healthcare
- Keywords
- statin therapy, medication adherence, non-compliance, gender disparities, racial disparities, ethnic minorities, women, cardiovascular disease prevention, secondary prevention, health disparities
- MeSH terms
- Cardiovascular Diseases, Humans, Morbidity, Sex Factors, Global Health, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors, Racial Groups, Medication Adherence
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
