The DOI matches its Crossref record; 46 of the 48 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Inequities in CHD Incidence and Case Fatality by Neighborhood Deprivation
Open accessAbstract
Background Research has not firmly established whether living in a deprived neighborhood predicts the incidence and case fatality of coronary heart disease (CHD), and whether effects vary across sociodemographic groups. Methods Prospective follow-up study of all Swedish women and men, aged 35 to 74 (1.9 million women, 1.8 million men). Women and men, without a history of CHD, were assessed on December 31, 1995, and followed from January 1, 1996 through December 31, 2000, for first fatal or nonfatal CHD event (130,024 cases); data were analyzed in 2006. Neighborhood-level deprivation (index of education, income, unemployment, welfare assistance) was categorized as low, moderate, and high deprivation. Results Age-standardized CHD incidence was 1.9 times higher for women and 1.5 times higher for men in high- versus low-deprivation neighborhoods; 1-year case fatality from CHD was 1.6 times higher for women and 1.7 times higher for men in high versus low deprivation neighborhoods. The higher incidence in more deprived neighborhoods was observed across all individual-level sociodemographic groups (age, marital status, family income, education, immigration status, mobility, and urban/rural status). In multilevel logistic regression models, neighborhood deprivation remained significantly associated with both CHD incidence and case fatality for women and men after adjusting for the seven sociodemographic factors (p values <0.01). Effects were slightly stronger for women than men in an ancillary analysis that tested for gender differences. Conclusions The clustering of CHD and subsequent mortality among adults in deprived neighborhoods raises important clinical and public health concerns, and calls for a reframing of health problems to include neighborhood social environments, as they may affect health.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“The inverse association of socioeconomic status (SES) with all phases of the progression of CVD is well established, from the onset of risk factors through mortality due to CVD [41-45].”
From Prevalence of cardiovascular disease among Asian, Pacific Islander and multi-race populations in Hawai’i and California (2023) · cites this paper as [43]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Goldstein, H. (2006) · Technometrics · doi:10.1198/tech.2006.s417 · Cited by 4,960
Statistical methods in cancer research. Volume I - The analysis of case-control studies.
Breslow, N. E., & Day, N. E. (1980) · PubMed · Cited by 4,895
Racial Differences in Physical and Mental Health: Socio-economic Status, Stress and Discrimination
Williams, D. R., Yu, Y., Jackson, J. S., & Anderson, N. B. (1997) · Journal of Health Psychology · doi:10.1177/135910539700200305 · Cited by 4,786
Pickett, K. E., & Pearl, M. (2001) · Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health · doi:10.1136/jech.55.2.111 · Cited by 2,207
Neighborhood of residence and incidence of coronary heart disease
Roux, A. V. D., Merkin, S. S., Arnett, D., Chambless, L., Massing, M., Nieto, F. J., Sorlie, P., Szklo, M., Tyroler, H. A., & Watson, R. L. (2001) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm200107123450205 · Cited by 1,799
Statistical methods in cancer research. Vol. 1. The analysis of case-control studies
(1983) · Food and Chemical Toxicology · doi:10.1016/0278-6915(83)90281-8 · Cited by 1,727
Goulias, K. G. (2002) · New directions in civil engineering · doi:10.1201/9781420042283.ch9 · Cited by 1,292
Inner-city poverty in the United States
(1991) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.28-6514 · Cited by 969
Neighborhood Environments and Coronary Heart Disease: A Multilevel Analysis
Diez-Roux, A. V., Nieto, F. J., Muntaner, C., Tyroler, H. A., Comstock, G. W., Shahar, E., Cooper, L. S., Watson, R. L., & Szklo, M. (1997) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a009191 · Cited by 744
Income-related inequalities in health: some international comparisons
van Doorslaer, E. K. A., Wagstaff, A. R., Han Bleichrodt, A., Calonge, S., Gerdtham, U., Gerfin, M., Geurts, J. J., Gross, L., Häkkinen, U., Leu, R. E., et al. (1997) · Journal of Health Economics · doi:10.1016/s0167-6296(96)00532-2 · Cited by 695
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Roux, A. V. D., & Mair, C. (2010) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.05333.x · Cited by 2,922
European Society of Cardiology: cardiovascular disease statistics 2021
Timmis, A., Vardas, P. E., Townsend, N. P., Torbica, A., Katus, H. A., Smedt, D. D., Gale, C. P., Maggioni, A. P., Petersen, S. E., Huculeci, R., et al. (2021) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehab892 · Cited by 1,235
Administrative Record Linkage as a Tool for Public Health Research
Jutte, D. P., Roos, L. L., & Brownell, M. D. (2011) · Annual Review of Public Health · doi:10.1146/annurev-publhealth-031210-100700 · Cited by 351
Chaix, B. (2009) · Annual Review of Public Health · doi:10.1146/annurev.publhealth.031308.100158 · Cited by 293
Sbarra, D. A., Law, R. W., & Portley, R. (2011) · Perspectives on Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/1745691611414724 · Cited by 285
Metadata
- Authors
- Winkleby, M., Sundquist, K., & Cubbin, C.
- Affiliations
- Stanford Medicine (US)
- Karolinska Institutet (SE)
- University of California, San Francisco (US)
- Corresponding author
- Winkleby, Marilyn
- Venue
- American Journal of Preventive Medicine
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2007-02
- Volume
- 32
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 97-106
- ISSN
- 0749-3797 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC2225531
- OpenAlex
- W2090289324
- Cited by
- 222
- References
- 48
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 16 · 2012: 15
- FWCI
- 15.12
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- American Journal of Preventive Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- Vetenskapsrådet (K2005-27X-15428-01A)
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R01 HL71084, R01HL071084)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Health › Health disparities and outcomes
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Health and Risk Factors
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Healthcare Systems and Public Health
- Keywords
- coronary artery disease, neighborhood disadvantage, socioeconomic status, CHD incidence, health disparities, gender differences, sociodemographic factors, social environment, multilevel analysis
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Coronary Disease, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Prospective Studies, Social Class, Sweden
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
