The DOI matches its Crossref record; 12 of the 15 references it cites were found in a registry or an index; none of the 1 sources its claims cite is checked for support yet.
How We Design Feasibility Studies
Open accessAbstract
Public health is moving toward the goal of implementing evidence-based interventions. To accomplish this, there is a need to select, adapt, and evaluate intervention studies. Such selection relies, in part, on making judgments about the feasibility of possible interventions and determining whether comprehensive and multilevel evaluations are justified. There exist few published standards and guides to aid these judgments. This article describes the diverse types of feasibility studies conducted in the field of cancer prevention, using a group of recently funded grants from the National Cancer Institute. The grants were submitted in response to a request for applications proposing research to identify feasible interventions for increasing the utilization of the Cancer Information Service among underserved populations.
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14 Own interpretation · 1 Sources not found · 1 No basis given
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“A major feasibility issue that precedes the mounting of a full evaluation trial is the need to derive an effect-size estimate for the treatment.”
§ How We Design Feasibility Studies > Does It Work?
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The advantage of the cohort design, compared to the case-control design, is that it establishes the timing and directionality of effects.”
§ How We Design Feasibility Studies > Can It Work?
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Usually the design is an RCT because that study design affords the greatest internal validity (i.e., it maximizes confidence that changes in outcomes can be attributed causally to the treatment).”
§ How We Design Feasibility Studies > Does It Work?
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Compared to an RCT, the cohort study’s main disadvantage is that participants are not assigned randomly to treatment. Thus, their outcomes may differ not because of the intervention but because the participants or their circumstances were inherently different from the outset.”
§ How We Design Feasibility Studies > Can It Work?
plainconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The highly controlled nature of efficacy research is good in that it is likely more possible to draw causal inferences from the designs used (often randomized trials).”
§ How We Design Feasibility Studies > Relating to the Real World
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Earlier-phase trials are used, in part, to estimate effect size, power, and sample size for a full Phase-III trial.”
§ How We Design Feasibility Studies > Does It Work?
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Probably not a substantial claim. 8
- It may state two separate claims as one. 2
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Questions about safety; optimal dose (treatment intensity, frequency, duration); and the sequencing of treatment all can be tested efficiently in experiments before the launching of a full-scale clinical trial.”
§ How We Design Feasibility Studies > Can It Work?
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
In the paper
“Green and Glasgow9 have pointed out the incongruity between increasing demands for evidence-based practice and the fact that most evidence-based recommendations for behavioral interventions are derived from highly controlled efficacy trials.”
§ How We Design Feasibility Studies > Relating to the Real World
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites Green and Glasgow9
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
- Not matched
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Second, experiments afford a very time- and cost-effective means of testing whether an intervention could work.”
§ How We Design Feasibility Studies > Can It Work?
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“But this focus on internal validity can reduce external relevance, and generalizability can decrease, limiting dissemination.”
§ How We Design Feasibility Studies > Relating to the Real World
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Clearly, because of resource constraints, not all interventions can be tested for both efficacy and effectiveness.”
§ How We Design Feasibility Studies > Introduction
boosteddirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The disadvantage is that the need for follow-up means that cohort studies take longer to complete.”
§ How We Design Feasibility Studies > Can It Work?
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Usually, these feasibility questions and others will be addressed initially through qualitative interviewing and surveys, followed by experimentation.”
§ How We Design Feasibility Studies > Will It Work?
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The drawback of experimental feasibility studies is that they have relatively limited external validity.”
§ How We Design Feasibility Studies > Can It Work?
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Typically, the Phase-I or -II trial entails a smaller sample size than a full Phase-III efficacy/effectiveness trial.”
§ How We Design Feasibility Studies > Does It Work?
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“First, experiments permit random or unbiased assignment to intervention conditions. Therefore, some comparison to an unbiased control from the same population is available.”
§ How We Design Feasibility Studies > Can It Work?
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: unclear — It is unclear why the paper says it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
The paper relies on this without support.
Published standards and guides for judging feasibility and for designing and evaluating feasibility studies are lacking.
“There exist few published standards and guides to aid these judgments.”
“The published literature does not propose standards to guide the design and evaluation of feasibility studies.”
The paper relies on this without support.
Feasibility studies are expected to yield findings that inform decisions about recommending an intervention for efficacy testing.
“Feasibility studies are relied on to produce a set of findings that help determine whether an intervention should be recommended for efficacy testing.”
The paper relies on this without support.
Feasibility studies help decide if an intervention merits further testing and if the underlying ideas and results can be made relevant and sustainable.
“Feasibility studies are used to determine whether an intervention is appropriate for further testing; in other words, they enable researchers to assess whether or not the ideas and findings can be shaped to be relevant and sustainable.”
The authors state this as an assumption.
Which design is best varies with the chosen focus, both in feasibility work and in other research.
“The choice of an optimal research design depends upon the selected area of focus. This premise holds equally for feasibility studies and for other kinds of research.”
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Non-hybrid pilot implementation studies are undertaken in the absence of a broader effectiveness trial. Such studies typically occur when the effectiveness of a clinical or public health intervention is well established, but robust strategies to promote its broader uptake and integration into clinical or public health services remain untested [15].”
From Guidance for conducting feasibility and pilot studies for implementation trials (2020) · cites this paper as [15]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“However, given the differences between implementation trials and conventional clinical or public health efficacy trials, the field of implementation science has identified the need for nuanced guidance [14–16, 19, 20].”
From Guidance for conducting feasibility and pilot studies for implementation trials (2020) · cites this paper as [15]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“In implementation research, feasibility and pilot studies perform the same functions as those for intervention trials, however with a focus on developing or refining implementation strategies, refining research methods for an implementation intervention trial, or undertake preliminary testing of implementation strategies [14, 15].”
From Guidance for conducting feasibility and pilot studies for implementation trials (2020) · cites this paper as [15]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“In addition, where conventional clinical or public health efficacy trials are typically conducted under controlled conditions and directed mostly by researchers, implementation trials are more pragmatic [15].”
From Guidance for conducting feasibility and pilot studies for implementation trials (2020) · cites this paper as [15]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Although there have been many recent developments in the standardisation of guidance for implementation trials, information on the conduct of feasibility and pilot studies for implementation interventions remains limited, potentially contributing to a lack of exploratory work in this area and a limited evidence base to inform effective implementation intervention design and conduct [15].”
From Guidance for conducting feasibility and pilot studies for implementation trials (2020) · cites this paper as [15]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“As is the case for well conducted effectiveness trials, implementation trials often require partnerships with end-users and at times, the prioritisation of end-user needs over methods (e.g. random assignment) that seek to maximise internal validity [15, 22].”
From Guidance for conducting feasibility and pilot studies for implementation trials (2020) · cites this paper as [15]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Pilot studies have relatively limited external validity [4]”
From Can CBT-E be delivered in an online group format? A pilot study of the Body Image module in a child and adolescent eating disorder service (2023) · cites this paper as [4]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“they propose eight general foci of feasibility studies, four of which guided the assessment of feasibility in the current study (demand, implementation, practicality and acceptability).”
From e-TC: Development and pilot testing of a web-based intervention to reduce anxiety and depression in survivors of testicular cancer (2017) · cites this paper as Bowen et al. (2009)
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“The feasibility and acceptability of e-TC was evaluated in a manner consistent with that recommended by Bowen et al. (2009).”
From e-TC: Development and pilot testing of a web-based intervention to reduce anxiety and depression in survivors of testicular cancer (2017) · cites this paper as Bowen et al. (2009)
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“A mixed-methods study was conducted to investigate the feasibility of the intervention in the CAPS-ad following the indicators of acceptability, demand, implementation, adaptation, integration, and limited efficacy testing as described by Bowen et al. (24), with simultaneous collection of quantitative and qualitative data that was integrated into the analyses.”
From A mindfulness-based intervention for Substance Use Disorder in a Brazilian vulnerable population: a feasibility mixed method study (2024) · cites this paper as [24]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“According to Bowen and colleagues [43], feasibility studies are needed when there are very few prior studies using a specific intervention approach and when extant research suggests that the target population needs unique consideration.”
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“The purpose of conducting feasibility studies is to decide whether an intervention is appropriate for further testing, therefore enabling researchers to determine whether the intervention can be relevant and sustainable, by identifying if the methods and protocols employed need modification but also by elucidating the process of change [29].”
In the citing paper
“Some guidance suggested that changes could be made within exploratory studies to refine the intervention and underlying theory [15, 29, 31] and adapt intervention content to a new setting [39].”
From Exploratory studies to decide whether and how to proceed with full-scale evaluations of public health interventions: a systematic review of guidance (2018) · cites this paper as [39]
In the citing paper
“Sources of guidance endorsed exploratory studies having formative purposes (i.e. refining the intervention and addressing uncertainties related to intervention implementation [13, 15, 29, 31, 39]) as well as summative goals (i.e. assessing the potential impact of an intervention or its promise [6, 13, 39]).”
From Exploratory studies to decide whether and how to proceed with full-scale evaluations of public health interventions: a systematic review of guidance (2018) · cites this paper as [39]
In the citing paper
“Sources of guidance endorsed exploratory studies having formative purposes (i.e. refining the intervention and addressing uncertainties related to intervention implementation [13, 15, 29, 31, 39]) as well as summative goals (i.e. assessing the potential impact of an intervention or its promise [6, 13, 39]).”
From Exploratory studies to decide whether and how to proceed with full-scale evaluations of public health interventions: a systematic review of guidance (2018) · cites this paper as [39]
In the citing paper
“Furthermore, several sources emphasised the importance of testing implementation in a range of contexts [15, 29, 39, 41]—especially in less socioeconomically advantaged groups, to examine the risk of widening health inequalities [29, 39].”
From Exploratory studies to decide whether and how to proceed with full-scale evaluations of public health interventions: a systematic review of guidance (2018) · cites this paper as [39]
In the citing paper
“Implementation, feasibility, fidelity and ‘practicality’ explored the likelihood of being able to deliver in practice what was intended [25–27, 30, 39].”
From Exploratory studies to decide whether and how to proceed with full-scale evaluations of public health interventions: a systematic review of guidance (2018) · cites this paper as [39]
In the citing paper
“Acceptability was considered in terms of recipients’ reactions [7, 8, 29, 32, 39] while others were also attentive to feasibility from the perspective of intervention providers, deliverers and health professionals [6, 9, 29, 30, 34, 39].”
From Exploratory studies to decide whether and how to proceed with full-scale evaluations of public health interventions: a systematic review of guidance (2018) · cites this paper as [39]
In the citing paper
“Acceptability was considered in terms of recipients’ reactions [7, 8, 29, 32, 39] while others were also attentive to feasibility from the perspective of intervention providers, deliverers and health professionals [6, 9, 29, 30, 34, 39].”
From Exploratory studies to decide whether and how to proceed with full-scale evaluations of public health interventions: a systematic review of guidance (2018) · cites this paper as [39]
In the citing paper
“Several sources of guidance discussed the need to understand the impact of the intervention, including harms, benefits or unintended consequences [6, 7, 15, 29, 39].”
From Exploratory studies to decide whether and how to proceed with full-scale evaluations of public health interventions: a systematic review of guidance (2018) · cites this paper as [39]
In the citing paper
“Furthermore, several sources emphasised the importance of testing implementation in a range of contexts [15, 29, 39, 41]—especially in less socioeconomically advantaged groups, to examine the risk of widening health inequalities [29, 39].”
From Exploratory studies to decide whether and how to proceed with full-scale evaluations of public health interventions: a systematic review of guidance (2018) · cites this paper as [39]
In the citing paper
“Estimating sample sizes from effect size estimates in an exploratory study was nevertheless argued by some to be useful if there was scant literature and the exploratory study used the same design and outcome as the future evaluation [30, 39].”
From Exploratory studies to decide whether and how to proceed with full-scale evaluations of public health interventions: a systematic review of guidance (2018) · cites this paper as [39]
In the citing paper
“Randomisation was implied as a design feature of exploratory studies when estimating an effect size estimate of the intervention as it maximised the likelihood that observed differences are due to intervention [9, 39]”
From Exploratory studies to decide whether and how to proceed with full-scale evaluations of public health interventions: a systematic review of guidance (2018) · cites this paper as [39]
In the citing paper
“Some focussed on the relevant uncertainties of feasibility [32, 39]”
From Exploratory studies to decide whether and how to proceed with full-scale evaluations of public health interventions: a systematic review of guidance (2018) · cites this paper as [39]
In the citing paper
“Several sources recommended a range of stakeholders (e.g. intervention providers, intervention recipients, public representatives as well as practitioners who might use the evidence produced by the full trial) be involved in the planning and running of the exploratory study to ensure exploratory studies reflect the realities of intervention setting [15, 28, 31, 32, 39, 40].”
From Exploratory studies to decide whether and how to proceed with full-scale evaluations of public health interventions: a systematic review of guidance (2018) · cites this paper as [39]
In the citing paper
“In particular, community-based participatory approaches were recommended [15, 39].”
From Exploratory studies to decide whether and how to proceed with full-scale evaluations of public health interventions: a systematic review of guidance (2018) · cites this paper as [39]
In the citing paper
“Where guidance indicated the estimation of an effect size appropriate to inform the sample size for a future evaluation, a randomised design was deemed necessary [9, 39].”
From Exploratory studies to decide whether and how to proceed with full-scale evaluations of public health interventions: a systematic review of guidance (2018) · cites this paper as [39]
In the citing paper
“Qualitative research was identified as useful for issues concerning acceptability, implementation, practicality and expansion (in terms of understanding use of a known intervention in a different sub-group).”
From Maximising the impact of qualitative research in feasibility studies for randomised controlled trials: guidance for researchers (2015) · cites this paper as [19]
In the citing paper
“To complicate things further, behavior change interventions have multiple criteria for success for real-world use such as being effective, usable, desirable to the target group, and safe [5, 10].”
From Agile science: creating useful products for behavior change in the real world (2016) · cites this paper as [10]
In the citing paper
“Feasibility studies play an important role in identifying potentially efficacious interventions and ensuring they are prioritized for comprehensive evaluation [25].”
From Feasibility of "CopeSmart": A Telemental Health App for Adolescents (2015) · cites this paper as [25]
In the citing paper
“While a small sample size is often used in preliminary feasibility studies [25]”
From Feasibility of "CopeSmart": A Telemental Health App for Adolescents (2015) · cites this paper as [25]
In the citing paper
“we did not address demand (ie, intent to use) and acceptability (ie, intent to continue use and satisfaction) by people with arthritis [31].”
From A Community-Based Physical Activity Counselling Program for People With Knee Osteoarthritis: Feasibility and Preliminary Efficacy of the Track-OA Study (2017) · cites this paper as [31]
In the citing paper
“However, the purpose and benefit of feasibility studies is to assess how an intervention or strategy is implemented in uncontrolled, real-world settings, to inform future effectiveness trials, implementation, and scale-up [32,35,42].”
In the citing paper
“Feasibility conceptualization was guided by Bowen et al [44] exploring (1) acceptability (to what extent is the EPIO program judged as suitable, satisfying, or attractive to program recipients); (2) demand (to what extent is EPIO likely to be used, ie, exploration of the actual use of the program); and (3) limited efficacy testing (does the EPIO program show promise of being successful with the”
From Digital Self-Management in Support of Patients Living With Chronic Pain: Feasibility Pilot Study (2020) · cites this paper as [44]
Citations
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“As outlined by Bowen and colleagues [33], feasibility studies should examine acceptability and implementation and conduct limited efficacy testing.”
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Feasibility of a Bullying Bystander Intervention (STAC) Parent Module for Rural Schools
Midgett, A., Doumas, D. M., Hausheer, R., Bond, L., Buller, M. K., Peralta, C., Peck, M., & McCormick, H. (2023) · Journal of Prevention and Health Promotion · doi:10.1177/26320770231183961 · Cited by 5
Short, N. A., Brady, M., Lechner, M., Serrano, K., & McLean, S. A. (2023) · Journal of Traumatic Stress · doi:10.1002/jts.22974 · Cited by 4
Scherer, N., Hussein, R., Eaton, J., Kabaja, N., Kakuma, R., Smythe, T., & Polack, S. (2023) · PLOS Global Public Health · doi:10.1371/journal.pgph.0002427 · Cited by 4
Verma, S., Varma, P., Brown, A., Bei, B., Gibson, R. H., Valenta, T., Pietsch, A., Cavuoto, M. G., Woodward, M., McCurry, S. M., et al. (2023) · PeerJ · doi:10.7717/peerj.16543 · Cited by 4
A wellbeing program to promote mental health in paediatric burn patients: Study protocol
Wickens, N., McGivern, L., Belinelo, P. D. G., Milroy, H., Martin, L. J., Wood, F. M., Bullman, I., van Rensburg, E. J., & Woolard, A. J. (2024) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0294237 · Cited by 4
Implementation science and psycho‐oncology: Advancing the translation of evidence into practice
Rankin, N. M., & Jacobsen, P. B. (2024) · Psycho-Oncology · doi:10.1002/pon.6363 · Cited by 4
“17”
Houle, S. K. D., Waite, N. M., Vernon-Wilson, E. F., et al. (2024) · Vaccine · doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.06.063 · Cited by 4
Tan, Q.-Q., Nie, Y., Son, P., Underwood, R. A., Murray, P., Hebert, C., McKey, K.-L., Hendrick, C. A., Staiano, A. E., & Chen, S. (2024) · Children · doi:10.3390/children11091097 · Cited by 4
“Following recommendations in feasibility research [23], this pilot study employed a single group pre-to-post-test design to examine the preliminary effectiveness of Project Power .”
MethodWillinge, G. J. A., Spierings, J. F., Romijnders, K. A. G. J., Mathijssen, E. G. E., Twigt, B. A., Goslings, J. C., & van Veen, R. N. (2024) · JMIR Formative Research · doi:10.2196/57579 · Cited by 4
Jointly assessing multiple endpoints in pilot and feasibility studies
Montgomery, R. N., Bodde, A. E., & Vidoni, E. D. (2025) · Statistical Methods in Medical Research · doi:10.1177/09622802241311219 · Cited by 5
Nijhuis, F. A. P., Schippers, B., Bloem, B. R., Post, B., & Meinders, M. J. (2025) · Journal of Neurology · doi:10.1007/s00415-025-12972-x · Cited by 4
“A convenience sample is a type of non/probability sampling advised in limited efficacy testing in feasibility studies [12].”
Bourboulis, S., Kemp, E., the Finding My Way-Advanced Authorship Group, & Beatty, L. (2025) · Supportive Care in Cancer · doi:10.1007/s00520-025-09379-9 · Cited by 3
“For deductive analysis, three of Bowen et al.’s (33) feasibility study focus areas were selected as a priori domains: acceptability, practicality, and demand.”
Peer Recommendation Interventions for Health-related Social Support: a Feasibility Assessment
Levonian, Z., Zent, M., Nguyen, N., McNamara, M., Terveen, L., & Yarosh, S. (2025) · Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction · doi:10.1145/3711044 · Cited by 6
Lim, R. J., Crosby, N. E., Harray, A. J., Begley, A., Russell, L. P., White, J., Harrington, N., Wright, B., & Shetty, V. B. (2025) · Diabetic Medicine · doi:10.1111/dme.70053 · Cited by 4
Goumopoulos, C., Danousis, M., & Drakakis, E. (2025) · International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction · doi:10.1080/10447318.2025.2528146 · Cited by 5
Mira, J. J., Potura, E., Schrøder, K., et al. (2025) · BMC Health Services Research · doi:10.1186/s12913-025-13741-2 · Cited by 5
“Phase 0 involved a feasibility assessment to determine whether the proposed certification system warranted further development, using Bowen’s eight-domain framework [17].”
The Children in Action Pilot Study
Nicklas, T. A., Nguyen, T. T., Butte, N. F., & Liu, Y. (2013) · International Journal of Child Health and Nutrition · doi:10.6000/1929-4247.2013.02.04.3 · Cited by 4
Orr, S. (2019) · Journal of Pain and Symptom Management · doi:10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2019.09.011 · Cited by 4
Moller, J. G., Heaphy, G., & Ortiz, J. U. (2021) · Journal of Family Therapy · doi:10.1111/1467-6427.12327 · Cited by 5
Atkins, R., Kelly, T.-A., Linz, S. J., Jackson, K. J., Pontes, M., Wunnenberg, M., Williams, K., Stellmacher, T., Lewis, H., Halty, N.-D., et al. (2021) · Western Journal of Nursing Research · doi:10.1177/01939459211037042 · Cited by 5
Yamagata, C., Matsumoto, S., Miyashita, M., et al. (2021) · Healthcare · doi:10.3390/healthcare9091194 · Cited by 4
Iyer, S. N., MALLA, A. K., Taksal, A., Pawliuk, N., Mangala, R., Mohan, G., Pope, M. A., Schmitz, N., Loohuis, H., Ramachandran, P., et al. (2021) · Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal · doi:10.1037/prj0000504 · Cited by 4
Pestoff, R., Johansson, P., Danielsson, H., Neher, M., & Gunnarsson, C. (2022) · Frontiers in Health Services · doi:10.3389/frhs.2022.848512 · Cited by 4
Varas‐Díaz, G., Jayakumar, U., Taras, B., et al. (2022) · Biomechanics · doi:10.3390/biomechanics2030030 · Cited by 4
Graabæk, T., Rasmussen, A. J., Mai, A., Rossing, C., & Hedegaard, U. (2022) · Pharmacy Education · doi:10.46542/pe.2022.221.744760 · Cited by 4
Virtual group-based mindfulness program for autistic women: A feasibility study
Redquest, B. K., Tint, A., John, L. S., Hutton, S., Palmer, P., & Lunsky, Y. (2022) · Women s Health · doi:10.1177/17455057221142369 · Cited by 6
Smoking cessation in pregnant women using financial incentives: a feasibility study
Kroder, T. A., Peters, L. L., Roggeveld, A. L., Holtrop, M. E., Harshagen, L., Klein, L., & Erwich, J. J. H. M. (2022) · BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth · doi:10.1186/s12884-022-05292-9 · Cited by 5
Bebbington, E., Poole, R., Kumar, S. P., Krayer, A., Krishna, M., Taylor, P. J., Hawton, K. E., Raman, R., Kakola, M. G., Srinivasarangan, M., et al. (2023) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph20032647 · Cited by 5
Implementing Dignity Therapy Service into an Acute Cancer Care Setting – A Feasibility Study
Kelly, C., Kynoch, K., & Ramis, M. (2023) · Journal of Palliative Care · doi:10.1177/08258597231154221 · Cited by 4
Tilley, M. A., & Montreuil, T. C. (2023) · Psychology in the Schools · doi:10.1002/pits.22870 · Cited by 6
Meredith, S. J., Roberts, H. C., Grocott, M. P. W., Jack, S., Murphy, J. L., Varkonyi-Sepp, J., Bates, A. S., & Lim, S. E. R. (2023) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2022-069533 · Cited by 4
Tracey, E., Wilson, J., Saylor, M. A., Donohue, P., Stakias, A., Garibaldi, B. T., & Needham, D. M. (2023) · Journal of Religion and Health · doi:10.1007/s10943-023-01800-z · Cited by 4
Cheli, S., Goldzweig, G., Lysaker, P. H., Chiarello, F., Wiesepape, C. N., & Cavalletti, V. (2023) · Psychosis · doi:10.1080/17522439.2023.2199325 · Cited by 4
Arredondo, E. M., Schneider, J. L., Torres-Ruiz, M. S., Telles, V. M., Butte, K. T., West, M., Maldonado, M., Gallagher, K., Roesch, S. C., Ayala, G. X., et al. (2023) · Contemporary Clinical Trials Communications · doi:10.1016/j.conctc.2023.101137 · Cited by 5
Lathren, C., Bluth, K., & Tatera, J. L. (2023) · Journal of Child and Family Studies · doi:10.1007/s10826-023-02617-w · Cited by 5
Designing Effective Health Education Programs: A Review of Current Research and Best Practices
Alazwari, I. A. H., Alarsan, S., Alkhateeb, N. A., et al. (2023) · THE NEW ARMENIAN MEDICAL JOURNAL · doi:10.56936/18290825-2023.17.2-105 · Cited by 4
Calhoun, R. E., Thompson, S. F., Treadway, A., Long, R. B., Shimomaeda, L., Metje, A., Moini, N., Price, C. J., Kantrowitz‐Gordon, I., Nurius, P. S., et al. (2023) · Journal of Child and Family Studies · doi:10.1007/s10826-023-02657-2 · Cited by 4
Prevalence of lower limb pain and disability in football, hockey, and floorball players
Hagovská, M., Buková, A., & Takáč, P. (2023) · Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation · doi:10.3233/bmr-230048 · Cited by 4
Faury, S. (2023) · Psycho-Oncologie · doi:10.32604/po.2023.044901 · Cited by 4
Hsieh, Y., Granlund, M., Hwang, A., et al. (2023) · Augmentative and Alternative Communication · doi:10.1080/07434618.2023.2288837 · Cited by 4
Borrelli, B., Bartlett, Y. K., Fulford, D., Frasco, G., Armitage, C. J., & Wearden, A. J. (2024) · JMIR Formative Research · doi:10.2196/54912 · Cited by 5
Alam, K., Hayat, A. H., Ullah, A., Sulaiman, S. A. S., Ahmad, W., & Ooi, G. S. (2024) · Cureus · doi:10.7759/cureus.59402 · Cited by 9
Coding Human-Animal Interactions in Homes of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders
Lisk, C., & Mische Lawson, L. A. (2021) · People and Animals The International Journal of Research and Practice · doi:10.62845/fom6i4b · Cited by 4
The feasibility of wildlife immersion experiences for Veterans with PTSD
Perry, D. J., Crawford, S. L., Mackin, J. M., Averka, J. J., & Smelson, D. A. (2024) · Frontiers in Veterinary Science · doi:10.3389/fvets.2024.1290668 · Cited by 4
“This is consistent with previous research by the PI which found that when individuals have a desire for transformative action, the desire may remain latent until a supportive structure for the activity is found (24).”
ResultBouwman, E., Stollman, I., Wilbers, J., Claessens, J. J. M., van Spronsen, D. J., Bongaerts, A., Breij, D., Blijlevens, N. M. A., Knoop, H., Hermens, R., et al. (2024) · BMC Cancer · doi:10.1186/s12885-024-12430-3 · Cited by 5
“Bowen’s framework can provide valuable guidance in designing feasibility studies based on key outcomes that can determine feasibility [39].”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialWilliams, B. J., & Carlson, J. S. (2024) · Children · doi:10.3390/children11070803 · Cited by 4
“Given the limited information and research on the impact of TIK in the U.S., additional research should evaluate these programs’ fidelity, effectiveness, and acceptability with a more diverse sample [49,50].”
BackgroundTravis, A., O’Donnell, A. E., Giraldo‐Santiago, N., Stone, S. M., Torres, D., Adler, S. R., Vranceanu, A., & Ritchie, C. S. (2024) · JMIR Research Protocols · doi:10.2196/58356 · Cited by 4
“Variance components and effect sizes will be estimated for each outcome [41].”
Semciw, A. I., Bell, E. C., Alousis, N., Collins, T., See, K., Webster, T., Hahne, A. J., & King, M. (2024) · Journal of Emergency Nursing · doi:10.1016/j.jen.2024.06.005 · Cited by 4
Best, P., Maddock, A., Ean, N., Montgomery, L., Armour, C., Mulholland, C. C., & Blair, C. (2024) · Frontiers in Digital Health · doi:10.3389/fdgth.2024.1372062 · Cited by 4
“Additionally, the retention rate of 78%, with a dropout rate of 22%, falls within the acceptable range of up to 30% (63, 64).”
BackgroundFlierman, M., Möller, E. L., Engelbert, R., van Kaam, A. H., Bossen, D., & Jeukens‐Visser, M. (2024) · Early Human Development · doi:10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2024.106124 · Cited by 3
Robertz, A., Törnhage, C.-J., Nilsson, S., Nyman, V., & Kantzer, A.-K. (2024) · Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice · doi:10.1016/j.ctcp.2024.101909 · Cited by 5
Ghisi, G. L. D. M., Carson, R. P., Hebert, A. A., Ross, M., Colella, T. J. F., Oh, P., & Grace, S. L. (2024) · Patient Education and Counseling · doi:10.1016/j.pec.2024.108463 · Cited by 5
“The aim of this pilot study was to – for the first time – test the limited efficacy [13] of the women-focused CR education when compared to usual care/co-educational CR education on disease-related knowledge, functional capacity, quality of life, and heart-health behaviours.”
Brito, F. A., Alves, T. F., Santos, N., Michaud, T. L., Eisenhauer, C. M., de Leon, E. B., Squarcini, C. F. R., Kachman, S., Almeida, F. A., & Estabrooks, P. A. (2024) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2024-089186 · Cited by 5
“A mixed-methods feasibility study 33 will be used to address both aims.”
Espera, J. R., Reyes, C. A., Sarmiento, E. G., et al. (2024) · International Journal of STD & AIDS · doi:10.1177/09564624241306158 · Cited by 4
“23 Feasibility was evaluated by the effectiveness of the intervention and implementation of HIV PrEP.”
Helmark, C., Ahm, R., Brandes, A., Skovbakke, S. J., Nielsen, J. C., Frostholm, L., Taylor, R. S., & Pedersen, S. S. (2025) · Pilot and Feasibility Studies · doi:10.1186/s40814-024-01586-1 · Cited by 6
Carrier, J., Lugasi, T., Labonté, N., Provost, C., Saragosti, A., Longpré, C., Koukoui, B., Régnier-Trudeau, É., Sultan, S., Coltin, H., et al. (2025) · Current Oncology · doi:10.3390/curroncol32010034 · Cited by 4
“Acceptability was assessed through participant satisfaction, as recommended by Bowen and collaborators [53].”
Tschamper, M. K., Wahl, A. K., Jakobsen, R., & Larsen, M. H. (2025) · Journal of Clinical Nursing · doi:10.1111/jocn.17652 · Cited by 4
Norte, G. E., Glaviano, N. R., Sherman, D. A., Rush, J. L., & Murray, A. M. (2025) · Pilot and Feasibility Studies · doi:10.1186/s40814-025-01624-6 · Cited by 4
“Feasibility studies provide essential information relating to the acceptability and practicality of interventions intended to have a broad clinical impact and inform the implementation of future large-scale trials [21].”
Murphy, K., Kehoe, B., Denieffe, S., Hacking, D., Fairman, C. M., & Harrison, M. (2025) · Supportive Care in Cancer · doi:10.1007/s00520-025-09650-z · Cited by 4
White Paper: Games for Health for Children—Current Status and Needed Research
Baranowski, T., Blumberg, F. C., Buday, R., Fiellin, L. E., Green, C. S., Kato, P. M., Lu, A. S., Maloney, E. K., Mellecker, R. R., Morrill, B. A., et al. (2015) · Cited by 4
Feasibility testing of the Occupational Adaptation Practice Guide
Boone, A. E., & George-Paschal, L. (2017) · British Journal of Occupational Therapy · doi:10.1177/0308022616688018 · Cited by 4
Durgante, H. B. (2017) · Contextos Clínicos · doi:10.4013/ctc.2017.101.01 · Cited by 4
Sheehan, R., Rochester, J., Hafesji, F., Kyambadde, R., & Gravestock, S. M. (2017) · Advances in Mental Health and Intellectual Disabilities · doi:10.1108/amhid-04-2017-0010 · Cited by 4
Use of an Exercise Technology in Post-Acute Care of a Skilled Nursing Facility: A Feasibility Study
Cimarolli, V. R., Reinhardt, J. P., Minahan, J., Burack, O. R., Thomas, C., & Melly, R. (2017) · Journal of the American Medical Directors Association · doi:10.1016/j.jamda.2017.07.002 · Cited by 4
Richeson, N. E., & Croteau, K. A. (2017) · Activities Adaptation & Aging · doi:10.1080/01924788.2017.1385367 · Cited by 4
Prozessevaluation des Kartensets „Gemeinsam Gesund Lernen“
Wick, K., Gläser, A., Berger, U., & Schwager, S. (2018) · Psychotherapeut · doi:10.1007/s00278-018-0323-z · Cited by 4
Moore, T. R., Bakken, L. L., & Wallace, B. A. (2019) · Evaluation and Program Planning · doi:10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2019.02.003 · Cited by 4
Individualized Piano Instruction for Improving Cognition in Breast Cancer Survivors
Rodriguez-Wolfe, M. I., Anglade, D., Gattamorta, K. A., Hurwitz, W., & Pirl, W. F. (2019) · Oncology nursing forum · doi:10.1188/19.onf.605-615 · Cited by 4
Papanikolaou, E., McKinney, C. H., & Hannibal, N. (2020) · Music and Medicine · doi:10.47513/mmd.v12i3.670 · Cited by 4
Desrosiers, J., Tchiloemba, B., Boyadjieva, R., & Jutras‐Aswad, D. (2019) · Addictive Behaviors Reports · doi:10.1016/j.abrep.2019.100223 · Cited by 4
Horgan, F., Cummins, V., Doyle, F., et al. (2020) · Journal of Frailty Sarcopenia and Falls · doi:10.22540/jfsf-05-010 · Cited by 4
Draxler, H., McDonald, R., Hjärthag, F., & Almqvist, K. (2020) · Clinical Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/1359104520931569 · Cited by 4
Dryden, E. M., Hyde, J. K., Wormwood, J. B., Wu, J., Calloway, R., Cutrona, S. L., Elwyn, G. J., Fix, G. M., Orner, M. B., Shimada, S. L., et al. (2020) · Journal of General Internal Medicine · doi:10.1007/s11606-020-06062-z · Cited by 4
Feasibility of an Emotion Regulation Intervention for Patients in Cardiac Rehabilitation
Wierenga, K. L., Fresco, D. M., Alder, M. L., & Moore, S. M. (2020) · Western Journal of Nursing Research · doi:10.1177/0193945920949959 · Cited by 5
Wasmuth, S., Wilburn, V. G., Hamm, J. A., & Chase, A. (2020) · Occupational Therapy in Mental Health · doi:10.1080/0164212x.2020.1845276 · Cited by 4
Ravn‐Nielsen, L. V., Burghle, A., Christensen, P. M., Coric, F., Graabæk, T., Henriksen, J. P., Karlsdóttir, F., Rosholm, J., & Pottegård, A. (2021) · International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy · doi:10.1007/s11096-021-01265-8 · Cited by 4
Lasrado, R., Bielsten, T., Hann, M., Schumm, J. E., Reilly, S., Davies, L. M., Swarbrick, C., Dowlen, R., Keady, J. D., & Hellström, I. (2021) · JMIR Aging · doi:10.2196/16824 · Cited by 4
Modular Approach to Autism Programs in Schools (MAAPS): a Feasibility Study
Martin, R. J., Cavanaugh, B. M., Levato, L., Fontechia, K., Hochheimer, S., Iadarola, S., Iovannone, R., Smith, T. H., & Anderson, C. M. (2021) · Contemporary School Psychology · doi:10.1007/s40688-021-00397-y · Cited by 4
Martínez, P., Viviana Guajardo, T., Gómez, V., Brandt, S., Szabo, W., Soto-Brandt, G., Farhang, M., Baeza, P., Campos, S., Herrera, P., et al. (2021) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph182212000 · Cited by 4
Snowdon, D. A., Vincent, P., Callisaya, M. L., Collyer, T. A., Wang, Y. T., & Taylor, N. F. (2021) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2021-054298 · Cited by 4
Banyard, V. L., Jefferson, G. C., Segura, A., Forman, S. G., Haviland, M., McMahon, S., DeSilva, A. R., Frye, V. A., & Sarkar, S. (2021) · Violence Against Women · doi:10.1177/10778012211034201 · Cited by 4
Khare, M. M., Zimmermann, K., Lyons, R., Locklin, C. A., & Gerber, B. S. (2021) · BMC Women s Health · doi:10.1186/s12905-021-01561-5 · Cited by 4
Khawaja, N. G., Murray, K. E., & Bidstrup, E. M. (2022) · Journal of Muslim Mental Health · doi:10.3998/jmmh.491 · Cited by 5
de Wit, M., Zipfel, N., Horreh, B., et al. (2022) · BMC Medical Education · doi:10.1186/s12909-021-03084-x · Cited by 4
Mire, S. S., Keller‐Margulis, M. A., Izuno‐Garcia, A. K., Jellinek, E. R., & Garro, E. S. L. (2022) · Psychology in the Schools · doi:10.1002/pits.22668 · Cited by 4
Metadata
- Authors
- Bowen, D. J., Kreuter, M., Spring, B., Cofta-Woerpel, L., Linnan, L., Weiner, D., Bakken, S., Kaplan, C. P., Squiers, L., Fabrizio, C., & Fernandez, M.
- Affiliations
- Boston University (US)
- Saint Louis University (US)
- Northwestern University (US)
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center (US)
- Mashantucket Pequot Tribal Nation (US)
- University of California, San Francisco (US)
- National Institutes of Health (US)
- Yale Cancer Center (US)
- Corresponding author
- Bowen, Deborah J.
- Venue
- American Journal of Preventive Medicine
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2009-05
- Volume
- 36
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 452-457
- ISSN
- 0749-3797 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC2859314
- OpenAlex
- W2014261733
- Cited by
- 4,021
- References
- 15
- Citations by year
- 2026: 471 · 2025: 483 · 2024: 482 · 2023: 467 · 2022: 409 · 2021: 370 · 2020: 332 · 2019: 255 · 2018: 231 · 2017: 180 · 2016: 120 · 2015: 97 · 2014: 70 · 2013: 21 · 2012: 17
- FWCI
- 15.44
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- American Journal of Preventive Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Carolina Digital Repository (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill) (submittedVersion)
- The HKU Scholars Hub (University of Hong Kong) (submittedVersion)
- UNC Libraries
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5r21ca126390-02, 5r21ca126373-02, 1r21ca126321-01, 7r21ca126326-03)
- National Cancer Institute (R21-CA126326, R21 CA126321, 1R21CA126373-01, 1R21CA126321-01, R21 CA126390, R21CA126450, 1R21CA126390-01, R21CA126325, 1R21CA126326-01, R21 CA126373)
- National Center for Research Resources (UL1RR025741)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Health Policy Implementation Science
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Global Cancer Incidence and Screening
- Social Sciences › Public Administration › Evaluation and Performance Assessment
- Keywords
- feasibility study, cancer prevention, evidence-based interventions, intervention selection, multi-level evaluation, cancer information services, underserved populations
- MeSH terms
- Feasibility Studies, Financing, Government, Humans, Medically Underserved Area, Neoplasms, Preventive Medicine, Public Health, Research Design, Research Support as Topic, United States, National Cancer Institute (U.S.)
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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