Cited by 103HIV/AIDS Research and InterventionsHIV, Drug Use, Sexual RiskAdolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health

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Biomedical and behavioral outcomes of Keep It Up!: an ehealth HIV prevention program RCT.

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Mustanski, Brian, Parsons, Jeffrey T., Sullivan, Patrick S., Madkins, Krystal, Rosenberg, Eli, Swann, Gregory·2018·American Journal of Preventive Medicine

DOI 10.1016/j.amepre.2018.04.026PMC PMC6314292

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Abstract

Introduction HIV diagnoses among young men who have sex with men are increasing, but few effective HIV prevention interventions exist for this population. An RCT was conducted of the online Keep It Up! intervention to determine if it significantly reduced condomless anal sex and sexually transmitted infections compared with an HIV knowledge condition.Study design From May 2013 to March 2017, a total of 901 participants were enrolled in a double-blinded RCT of Keep It Up! with 1-year follow-up. After completing baseline surveys and sexually transmitted infection testing, participants were randomized by an eHealth platform to the intervention or control condition.Setting/participants HIV-negative men who have sex with men reporting condomless anal sex, aged 18-29 years, were recruited through advertising and from HIV testing sites and outreach in Atlanta, Georgia; Chicago, Illinois; and New York, New York.Intervention Multimedia was used to address HIV knowledge and motivate safer behaviors. The control condition reflected existing online HIV information.Main outcome measures Primary outcomes were incident gonorrhea or chlamydia at 12-month follow-up and self-reported condomless anal sex with casual partners at 3-, 6-, and 12-month follow-up.Results In 2017, data were analyzed from 445 (49%) participants randomized to the intervention and 456 (51%) to the control. Participants were primarily racial/ethnic minorities (63%). Sexually transmitted infections at Month 12 was 40% lower for intervention participants (risk ratio=0.60, 95% CI=0.38, 0.95, p=0.01). For the primary behavioral outcome, both arms showed reductions over time with 44% of control and 37% of intervention participants reporting condomless anal sex at Month 12 (prevalence ratio=0.83, 95% CI=0.70, 0.99, p=0.04).Conclusions The Keep It Up! intervention resulted in significantly lower sexually transmitted infection incidence and a small but significant decrease in condomless anal sex 12 months post-intervention relative to an online HIV knowledge condition. In addition, this study demonstrated the feasibility and acceptability of at-home sexually transmitted infection testing as part of an eHealth intervention.Trial registration This study is registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov NCT01836445.

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Background
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Background
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Li, D. H., Macapagal, K. R., Mongrella, M. C., Saber, R., & Mustanski, B. S. (2024) · Current HIV/AIDS Reports · doi:10.1007/s11904-024-00693-1 · Cited by 11
“Many studies reported delivering the intervention directly to consumers (DTC; e.g., [39, 40]), but there were also examples of fully or partially digital HIV interventions being integrated into schools (e.g., [41–43]), clinics (e.g., [44–46]), and other settings (e.g., [47–50]).”
E-health interventions targeting STIs, sexual risk, substance use and mental health among men who have sex with men: four systematic reviews
Meiksin, R., Meléndez‐Torres, G. J., Miners, A. H., Falconer, J., Witzel, T. C., Weatherburn, P., & Bonell, C. P. (2022) · Public Health Research · doi:10.3310/brwr6308 · Cited by 10
Social and behavioural research prospects for sexually transmissible infection prevention in the era of advances in biomedical approaches
Hogben, M., Dittus, P., Leichliter, J. S., & Aral, S. O. (2020) · Sexual Health · doi:10.1071/sh19105 · Cited by 11
A content analysis of college students’ gaps in knowledge about sexually transmitted infections
Lederer, A. M., & Sheena, B. S. (2020) · Health Education Journal · doi:10.1177/0017896920959091 · Cited by 16
“This strategy has been recommended in other sexual health research, as subsequent educational sessions may reinforce or extend previously learned information (Daigle et al., 2009; McMahon et al., 2015; Mustanski et al., 2018).”
Background
Protocol for an attention-matched randomized controlled trial of 2GETHER: a relationship education and HIV prevention program for young male couples
Newcomb, M. E., Sarno, E. L., Bettin, E., Conway, A., Carey, J., Garcia, C., Hill, R., Jozsa, K., Swann, G., Addington, E. L., et al. (2022) · Trials · doi:10.1186/s13063-022-06457-9 · Cited by 10
“STI incidence Urethral and rectal Chlamydia and Gonorrhea – Aptima Combo 2 GC/CT nucleic acid amplification test [47] X X”
Preferred Characteristics for mHealth Interventions Among Young Sexual Minoritized Men to Support HIV Testing and PrEP Decision-Making: Focus Group Study
Zapata, J. P., Hirshfield, S., Nelson, K. M., Horvath, K. J., & John, S. A. (2023) · JMIR Formative Research · doi:10.2196/51103 · Cited by 10
“Prior research has shown that many in-person interventions can be adapted using mobile health (mHealth) technology for health behavior change [27-32].”
Background
Using Video Games to Improve the Sexual Health of Young People Aged 15 to 25 Years: Rapid Review
Vega, I. F., Eleftheriou, A., & Graham, C. A. (2022) · JMIR Serious Games · doi:10.2196/33207 · Cited by 11
“Minigames are found in several games, particularly in the form of quizzes [29,34,36,37].”
Influential
Brief Report: Sexual Debut Among 14- to 17-year-old Sexual Minority Males: A Preliminary Investigation of Early HIV Risk and Sexual Health Needs
Nelson, K. M., Perry, N. S., Stout, C. D., & Carey, M. P. (2020) · JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes · doi:10.1097/qai.0000000000002342 · Cited by 9
Video selection and assessment for an app-based HIV prevention messaging intervention: formative research
Downing, M. J., Wiatrek, S. E., Zahn, R. J., Mansergh, G., Olansky, E., Gelaude, D., Sullivan, P. S., Stephenson, R. B., Siegler, A. J., Bauermeister, J. A., et al. (2023) · mHealth · doi:10.21037/mhealth-21-53 · Cited by 9
Behavior Change Among HIV-Negative Men Who Have Sex with Men Not Using PrEP in the United States
Goodreau, S. M., Barry, M. P., Hamilton, D. T., Williams, A. M., Wang, L. Y., Sanchez, T., Katz, D. A., & Delaney, K. P. (2024) · AIDS and Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10461-024-04281-7 · Cited by 8
Development, Refinement, and Acceptability of Digital Gaming to Improve HIV Testing Among Adolescents and Young Adults at Risk for HIV
Wilbourn, B. C., Howell, T. H., Castel, A. D., D’Angelo, L. J., Trexler, C., Carr, R., & Greenberg, D. (2019) · Games for Health Journal · doi:10.1089/g4h.2018.0162 · Cited by 8
“…for increasing desired health behaviors among their sample populations, there has been limited research on increasing HIV testing among AYAs through gaming, 25–29 an approach that has been endorsed by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to reduce HIV risk among adolescents.”
Background
Explorations of the Role of Digital Technology in HIV-Related Implementation Research: Case Comparisons of Five Ending the HIV Epidemic Supplement Awards
Jones, J. S., Knox, J., Meanley, S., Yang, P., Lounsbury, D. W., Huang, T. T. ‐., Bauermeister, J. A., Gonzalez‐Hernandez, G., Frye, V. A., Grov, C., et al. (2022) · JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes · doi:10.1097/qai.0000000000002983 · Cited by 8
“The Keep It Up! intervention 10,11,30 is currently being scaled up in a type III hybrid-effectiveness study 31 ; however, few other technology-based interventions have reached this stage of development.”
Background
Adolescent Preferences for a Pediatric Primary Care-based Sexually Transmitted Infection and HIV Prevention Intervention
Wood, S. M., Bauermeister, J. A., Fiks, A. G., Phillips, A. W., Richardson, H. M., Garcia, S. M., Maleki, P., Beidas, R. S., Young, J. F., Gross, R., et al. (2024) · Journal of Adolescent Health · doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2024.01.033 · Cited by 7
Use of Behavior Change Techniques in Digital HIV Prevention Programs for Adolescents and Young People: Systematic Review
Mo, P. K. H., Xie, L., Lee, T. C., & Li, A. Y. C. (2024) · JMIR Public Health and Surveillance · doi:10.2196/59519 · Cited by 5
“However, BCTs from level 3 were more frequently used in studies targeting older adolescents (aged ≥ 18 years) [55,57,62,65-71,74 ,84]”
Feasibility of a Mobile Health Intervention for Providing a Continuum of HIV Services for MSM: Pilot Study of the WeTest Program in 3 Cities in China
Zhu, Z., Lu, X., Gao, P., Wang, X., Hu, X., Xie, N., Liu, C., Zhao, Y., Zhao, Y., Dai, Z., et al. (2024) · Current HIV Research · doi:10.2174/011570162x280190240105063449 · Cited by 5
Anatomic Site–Specific Gonorrhea and Chlamydia Testing and Incidence Among People With HIV Engaged in Care at 4 US Clinical Centers, 2014–2018
Menza, T. W., Berry, S. A., Dombrowski, J., Cachay, E. R., Crane, H. M., Kitahata, M. M., & Mayer, K. H. (2022) · Open Forum Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/ofid/ofac298 · Cited by 5
Barriers and Facilitators to Implementing Keep It Up!, A Digital Health Intervention, in Community-Based Organizations
Zamantakis, A., Zapata, J. P., Greenawalt, I., Knapp, A. A., Benbow, N., & Mustanski, B. S. (2024) · AIDS and Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10461-024-04525-6 · Cited by 5
Lessons Learned From the Implementation of a Pilot Study on Self-collected Specimen Return by Sexual Minority Men (Project Caboodle!): Qualitative Exploration
Sallabank, G., Stephenson, R. B., Gandhi, M., Merrill, L., & Sharma, A. (2023) · JMIR Formative Research · doi:10.2196/43539 · Cited by 5
“To evaluate the benefits and challenges of bringing this approach to scale, researchers are increasingly requesting GBMSM to return self-collected specimens as part of web-based sexual health studies [28-32].”
Background
Comparing Implementation and Effectiveness Outcomes for Two Implementation Strategies of the Keep It Up! Digital HIV Prevention Program: A Type 3 Hybrid Effectiveness-Implementation Trial
Mustanski, B. S., Benbow, N., Macapagal, K. R., Li, D. H., Madkins, K., Saber, R., Linas, B. P., Smith, J., Brown, C. H., Munroe, S., et al. (2025) · AIDS and Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10461-025-04838-0 · Cited by 4
“Briefly, KIU! has been tested in multiple studies since 2009 [12–14] and, as the first DHI classified by the CDC as a “best evidence” HIV risk reduction intervention [ 14], is ideal for evaluating pragmatic, real-world implementation.”
Influential
Aceptabilidad y viabilidad de intervenciones mediadas por tecnología en la prevención del VIH: Una revisión sistemática
Medina, R. S., Piña, C. R. R., & Losada, A. V. (2021) · Revista Científica Arbitrada de la Fundación MenteClara · doi:10.32351/rca.v6.231 · Cited by 4
“Además en los últimos años, ha cobrado una gran relevancia las intervenciones a través del uso de la tecnología que busca tener una mayor cobertura y atender a población de difícil acceso (Mustanski et al., 2018; Suryavanshi et al., 2020).”
Recommendations for the Development of HIV Prevention Interventions Among Latino Young Sexual Minority Groups
Marzán‐Rodríguez, M., Rodríguez-Díaz, C. E., & Mustanski, B. S. (2020) · Sexuality Research and Social Policy · doi:10.1007/s13178-020-00494-2 · Cited by 4
“…men, have the potential to be effective in reducing risk behaviors and increase HIV testing rates (Mustanski et al., 2018; Mustanski, Greene, Ryan, & Whitton, 2015; Prescott et al., 2016; Schnall, Travers, Rojas, & Carballo-Diéguez, 2014; Ybarra, Liu, Prescott, Phillips 2nd, & Mustanski, 2018).”
Background
Association of demographics and psychological barriers with late presentation of HIV among men who have sex with men in Chengdu, China
Zhang, J., Xin, J., Guo, D., Chen, L., He, L., Tang, J. Y., Li, Y., Wang, J., & Yang, X. (2025) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-025-33749-2 · Cited by 3
A mixed-methods approach to assessing implementers’ readiness to adopt digital health interventions (RADHI)
Li, D. H., Zamantakis, A., Zapata, J. P., Danielson, E. C., Saber, R., Benbow, N., Smith, J. D., Swann, G., Macapagal, K. R., & Mustanski, B. S. (2024) · Implementation Science Communications · doi:10.1186/s43058-024-00628-2 · Cited by 4
“In a multi-city effectiveness trial, KIU! demonstrated effectiveness at changing biomedical HIV risk outcomes [18] and received a “best evidence” rating from the CDC [12].”
Background
Developing technology-based interventions for infectious diseases: ethical considerations for young sexual and gender minority people
Cascalheira, C. J., Pugh, T. H., Hong, C., Birkett, M. A., Macapagal, K. R., & Holloway, I. W. (2023) · Frontiers in Reproductive Health · doi:10.3389/frph.2023.1303218 · Cited by 3
Economic Evaluation of Delivering an Evidence-Based Online HIV Prevention Program to MSM via Direct-To-Consumer Marketing Versus Community-Based Organization Recruitment
Munroe, S., Schackman, B. R., Madkins, K., Saber, R., Macapagal, K. R., Vititow, J., Sweeney, N. R., Feder, N. M., Benbow, N., Mustanski, B. S., et al. (2024) · JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes · doi:10.1097/qai.0000000000003572 · Cited by 3
The Value and Challenge of Frequent Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Testing Among Young Men Who Have Sex With Men in the United States
Schackman, B. R. (2020) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/cid/ciaa1060 · Cited by 3
Effects of Condom Use on Human Immunodeficiency Virus Transmission Among Adolescent Sexual Minority Males in the United States: A Mixed Epidemiology and Epidemic Modeling Study.
Katz, D. A., Hamilton, D. T., Rosenthal, E. M., Wang, L. Y., Dunville, R. L., Aslam, M. V., Barrios, L. C., Zlotorzynska, M., Sanchez, T., Sullivan, P. S., et al. (2021) · PubMed Central · doi:10.1097/olq.0000000000001485 · Cited by 2
Incentivizing Prevention: Community Based Organizations’ Perceptions on Financial Incentives for Recruitment and Retention of Participants in Keep it Up! (KIU!), an eHealth HIV Prevention Intervention
Zamantakis, A., Zapata, J. P., Smith, J. D., Danielson, E. C., Macapagal, K. R., Saber, R., Li, D. H., Benbow, N., & Mustanski, B. S. (2025) · AIDS and Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10461-025-04963-w · Cited by 2
“3.0 trial was to understand how best to scale up implementation of KIU! in CBO settings, with a secondary aim of further establishing effectiveness in the context of broad implementation [47, 49].”
Influential
“I don’t see myself represented:” Strategies and considerations for engaging gay male Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander teens in research and HIV prevention services
Pacheco, M. Y., Warfield, S. K., Hatzistavrakis, P., Mochida-Meek, S., Moskowitz, D., Matson, M., & Mustanski, B. S. (2022) · AIDS and Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10461-022-03843-x · Cited by 2
Substance Use Classes Among YMSM in an HIV Digital Health Intervention Program: Implications for Acceptability, Engagement, and Health Outcomes
Zapata, J. P., Swann, G., Zamantakis, A., Madkins, K., Danielson, E. C., & Mustanski, B. S. (2025) · AIDS and Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10461-025-04619-9 · Cited by 2
“)” program, a CDC designated best-evidence HIV prevention intervention [ 33– 36 ].”
Predicting the impact of sexual behavior change on adolescent STI in the US and New York State: a case study of the teen-SPARC tool
Goodreau, S. M., Pollock, E. D., Wang, L. Y., Barrios, L. C., Dunville, R. L., Aslam, M. V., Katz, D. A., Hart-Malloy, R., Rosenthal, E. M., Trigg, M., et al. (2020) · Annals of Epidemiology · doi:10.1016/j.annepidem.2020.05.009 · Cited by 2
“60), with larger point estimates for reductions for younger participants (8).”
Background
Considerations for evaluating pragmatic design elements in digital health intervention trials: the case of Keep It Up! 3.0
Benbow, N., Li Dennis, H., Macapagal, K. R., Krystal, M., Rana, S., Zamantakis, A., Emma, R., Smith Justin, D., & Mustanski, B. S. (2025) · Implementation Science Communications · doi:10.1186/s43058-025-00777-y · Cited by 1
“…in sexually transmitted infection (STI) incidence compared to the HIV information control arm, as well as a significant pre-post decrease in self-reported condomless sex [18, 23], which provided the necessary evidence to be classified by the CDC as a “best evidence” HIV risk reduction intervention.”
Effects of Digital Health Interventions to Promote Safer Sex Behaviors Among Youth: Systematic Review and Bayesian Network Meta-Analysis
Zhu, Y., Peng, W., Hu, D., Choi, E. P. H., Valimaki, M. A., Zhang, C., & Li, X. (2026) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/87071 · Cited by 1
“The reference list of included studies is provided in Multimedia Appendix 4 [26, 49-71 49-71 ].”
The Disregarded HIV Prevention Strategies—Their Potential to Uphold the Pandemic, and the Challenges Facing Societies
Dennin, R. H., Sinn, A., & Du, Z. (2018) · World Journal of AIDS · doi:10.4236/wja.2018.84011 · Cited by 1
“” [112] [113] and online services [114] may be helpful to some degree.”
Background
Adolescent sexual and reproductive health: digital technology risks and opportunities
Bull, S. S., Devine, S., Shlay, J. C., Hammes, A., & Schmiege, S. J. (2020) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-817319-0.00009-8 · Cited by 1
A Surveillance Data-Based Model System for Assessing the Effects of HIV Intervention and Prevention Strategies
Song, R., Green, T. A., & Hall, H. I. (2019) · Journal of Public Health Management and Practice · doi:10.1097/phh.0000000000001083
New communication technologies, social media, and public health
Sullivan, P. S., Siegler, A. J., & Hightow‐Weidman, L. (2021) · doi:10.1093/med/9780198816805.003.0025
Quantitative Study Designs: Experimental
(2020) · Springer Publishing Company eBooks · doi:10.1891/9780826182067.0006
Online sexual, reproductive, and transgender healthcare for LGBTQI+ youth: A scoping reviewPreprint
McLeod, J., Estcourt, C. S., Flowers, P., Gibbs, J., & MacDonald, J. (2024) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2024.08.06.24311547
Community-Based Organizations’ Approaches to Recruitment and Retention for a Digital HIV Prevention Intervention for Young Men Who Have Sex With Men: A Mixed Methods Study
Zamantakis, A., Danielson, E. C., Rudd, E., Zapata, J. P., Benbow, N., Saber, R., Knapp, A. A., & Mustanski, B. S. (2025) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/63199 · Cited by 1
“Despite evidence that DHIs are effective for improving HIV prevention outcomes [25,30,43], the requirements to effectively scale these programs and bring them to practice are not well-established.”
Effects of Digital Health Interventions to Promote Safer Sex Behaviors among Youth: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis (Preprint)Preprint
Zhu, Y., Peng, W., Hu, D., Choi, E. P. H., Valimaki, M. A., Zhang, C., & Li, X. (2025) · doi:10.2196/preprints.87071
Additional file 1 of Theories of change for e-health interventions targeting HIV/STIs and sexual risk, substance use and mental ill health amongst men who have sex with men: systematic review and synthesis
Meiksin, R., Meléndez‐Torres, G. J., Falconer, J., Witzel, T. C., Weatherburn, P., & Bonell, C. P. (2021) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.13552003
Additional file 1 of Adjunctive interventions: change methods directed at recipients that support uptake and use of health innovations
Smith, J. D., Li, D. H., Merle, J. L., Keiser, B., Mustanski, B. S., & Benbow, N. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26678816
Additional file 2 of Theories of change for e-health interventions targeting HIV/STIs and sexual risk, substance use and mental ill health amongst men who have sex with men: systematic review and synthesis
Meiksin, R., Meléndez‐Torres, G. J., Falconer, J., Witzel, T. C., Weatherburn, P., & Bonell, C. P. (2021) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.13552006
Evaluating a Multimedia Messaging Intervention to Increase Adolescent HIV Testing: Protocol for a Hybrid Type 1 Effectiveness Implementation Study
Macapagal, K. R., Avila, A. A., Buehler, Z. M., Gordon, J. D., Knapp, A. A., Hurtado, M., Lorenzo, J., Foran, J. E., Newcomb, M. E., Mustanski, B. S., et al. (2026) · JMIR Research Protocols · doi:10.2196/88465
“Those who report being tested are prompted to securely upload evidence of their HIV or STI test via a participant-specific REDCap link in line with procedures from prior work [68,69].”
When scientific constraints and real-world implementation collide: lessons from a hybrid type 3 study of a digital, direct-to-consumer HIV prevention program
Macapagal, K. R., Madkins, K., Knapp, A. A., Hurtado, M., Paton, M. J., Norton, B., Owusu, J., Greenawalt, I., Li, D. H., & Mustanski, B. S. (2026) · Implementation Science Communications · doi:10.1186/s43058-026-01089-5
Promising Technology-Driven Interventions for Black Sexual Minority Men
Ramos, S. R., & Rodriguez, C. (2026) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-032-18233-3_13
Inclusion of underserved young people in digital public health interventions for mental health, sexual health and substance use: A systematic review and intervention component analysis
Tatton, C., Kirby, J., Armitage, J. M., Robinson, S., Aslam, R. W., Arthur, T., Harrison, S., Mutanda, D., Garside, R., Coon, J. T., et al. (2026) · Internet Interventions · doi:10.1016/j.invent.2026.100985
“…through peer videos, soap operas, images and testimonials in sexual health interventions for YMSM (Bull et al., 2012; Mustanski et al., 2013; Mustanski et al., 2018; Schnall et al., 2022; Tan et al., 2022; Whiteley et al., 2018; Bauermeister et al., 2022), girls (Hebert et al., 2018; Patel…”
Influential
Efficacy of an Interactive Life Simulation Gaming App on Improving HIV Testing Uptake Among Adolescents and Young Adults at Risk for HIV: Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial
Castel, A. D., Kuo, I. C., Ciarleglio, A., Kauzlarich, L., Trexler, C., Banerji, S., Moscovich, T. C., Banas, J. C., Carney, C. X., Shaw, C., et al. (2026) · JMIR Serious Games · doi:10.2196/82297
“Although some of these programs have demonstrated preliminary acceptability and feasibility, results from several of these trials are forthcoming, and there is limited research on their efficacy in increasing HIV testing among adolescents and young adults [33,36-39].”

Authors: Mustanski, B., Parsons, J. T., Sullivan, P. S., Madkins, K., Rosenberg, E., & Swann, G.
Affiliations: Northwestern University (US)
City University of New York (US)
State University of New York (US)
Corresponding author: Mustanski, Brian
ORCID: Mustanski, Brian
Parsons, Jeffrey T.
Sullivan, Patrick S.
Madkins, Krystal
Rosenberg, Eli
Swann, Gregory
Venue: American Journal of Preventive Medicine
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2018-08
Volume: 55
Issue: 2
Pages: 151-158
ISSN: 0749-3797 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2018.04.026
PMC: PMC6314292
OpenAlex: W2811047402
Cited by: 103
References: 43
Citations by year: 2026: 8 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 23 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 2
FWCI: 9.63
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/legal/tdmrep-license (tdm)
Locations: American Journal of Preventive Medicine (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: National Institute on Drug Abuse
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Gilead Sciences
National Institute of Mental Health (R01DA035145)
National Institutes of Health
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk
Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health
Keywords: HIV prevention, young men who have sex with men, digital health interventions, condomless anal sex, sexually transmitted infections, gonorrhea, chlamydia, HIV/AIDS knowledge, HIV-negative men, online health interventions, sexual risk behavior, racial and ethnic minorities, intervention feasibility and acceptability, HIV prevention messaging
MeSH terms: Adult, Humans, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Male, Surveys and Questionnaires, Sexually Transmitted Diseases, United States, HIV Infections, Telemedicine, Homosexuality, Male, Risk Reduction Behavior, Young Adult

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Biomedical and behavioral outcomes of Keep It Up!: an ehealth HIV prevention program RCT.

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