Evaluation of the routine antimicrobial susceptibility testing results of clinically significant anaerobic bacteria in a Slovenian tertiary-care hospital in 2015
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The aim of our study was to determined antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of 2673 clinically significant anaerobic bacteria belonging to the major genera, isolated in 2015 in a large tertiary-care hospital in Slovenia. The species identification was performed by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined immediately at the isolation of the strains against: penicillin, co-amoxiclav, imipenem, clindamycin and metronidazole, using gradient diffusion methodology and EUCAST breakpoints. The most frequent anaerobes were Bacteroides fragilis group with 31% (n = 817), Gram positive anaerobic cocci (GPACs) with 22% (n = 589), Prevotella with 14% (n = 313) and Propionibacterium with 8% (n = 225). Metronidazole has retained full activity (100%) against all groups of anaerobic bacteria intrinsically susceptible to it. Co-amoxiclav and imipenem were active against most tested anaerobes with zero or low resistance rates. However, observed resistance to co-amoxiclav (8%) and imipenem (1%) is worrying especially among B. fragilis group isolates. High overall resistance (23%) to clindamycin was detected in our study and was highest among the genera Prevotella, Bacteroides, Parabacteroides, GPACs and Clostridium. Routine testing of antimicrobial susceptibility of clinically relevant anaerobic bacteria is feasible and provides good surveillance data.
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The E-test can evaluate antimicrobial susceptibility of various bacteria including fastidious and slow-growing organisms, and diverse clinically significant organisms across multiple species.
“the stability of the concentration gradient which enables its use in evaluating antimicrobial susceptibility of various types of bacteria including fastidious and slow-growing organisms, as well as a diverse range of clinically significant organisms across multiple species [71].”
From Methods for screening and evaluation of antimicrobial activity: A review of protocols, advantages, and limitations (2024) · cites this paper as [71]
The Methods (§2.3) describe Etest susceptibility testing of anaerobic isolates, and the Discussion (§4) says the stable gradient allowed MIC determination even for slow-growing bacteria. The Results (§3) include clinically relevant isolates from multiple genera. The paper does not explicitly identify them as fastidious or establish the method’s use across bacterial types beyond anaerobes. Page numbers were not available in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.84)
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Hossain, T. J. (2024) · European Journal of Microbiology and Immunology · doi:10.1556/1886.2024.00035 · Cited by 392 · see citing works
Alshammari, M. K., AlKhulaifi, M. M., Al Farraj, D. A., Somily, A. M., & Albarrag, A. M. (2020) · Anaerobe · doi:10.1016/j.anaerobe.2019.102114 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
- Authors
- Jeverica, S., Kolenc, U., Mueller-Premru, M., & Papst, L.
- Affiliations
- University of Ljubljana (SI)
- Ljubljana University Medical Centre (SI)
- Corresponding author
- Jeverica, Samo
- Venue
- Anaerobe
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2017-10
- Volume
- 47
- Pages
- 64-69
- ISSN
- 1075-9964 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2606978531
- Cited by
- 67
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 5
- FWCI
- 7.97
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Locations
- Anaerobe (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- ESCMID (ID-10)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Clinical Biochemistry › Bacterial Identification and Susceptibility Testing
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Medicine › Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology › Antibiotic Use and Resistance
- Keywords
- antimicrobial susceptibility, anaerobic bacteria, Bacteroides fragilis group, anaerobic gram-positive cocci, Prevotella, Propionibacterium, clindamycin resistance, metronidazole susceptibility, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, imipenem, penicillin, antimicrobial resistance surveillance, Slovenia
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Bacteria, Anaerobic, Bacterial Infections, Child, Child, Preschool, Female, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Male, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Middle Aged, Slovenia, Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization, Drug Resistance, Bacterial, Young Adult, Tertiary Care Centers
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