The DOI matches its Crossref record; 14 of the 14 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Torrefied, spherical biomass pellets through the use of experimental design
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Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“The hydrophobicity of pellet increases when the pellets are produced using smaller particle size (Duncan et al., 2013).”
From A Comprehensive Review on Biomass Torrefaction (2014) · cites this paper as Duncan et al., 2013
In the citing paper
“Reabsorption of moisture enhances the physio-chemical degradation, as well as the microbial disintegration of biomass (Duncan et al., 2013).”
From A Comprehensive Review on Biomass Torrefaction (2014) · cites this paper as Duncan et al., 2013
In the citing paper
“Hydrophobicity of pellets increases with the increasing of the torrefaction temperature (Duncan et al., 2013;Li et al., 2012).”
From A Comprehensive Review on Biomass Torrefaction (2014) · cites this paper as Duncan et al., 2013
Citations
Cites
Design and Analysis of Experiments
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Li, Y. (2000) · Biomass and Bioenergy · doi:10.1016/s0961-9534(00)00026-x · Cited by 315
An evaluation on improvement of pulverized biomass property for solid fuel through torrefaction
Chen, W.-H., Cheng, W.-Y., Lu, K.-M., & Huang, Y.-P. (2011) · Applied Energy · doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2011.03.040 · Cited by 288
Chen, W., Chen, C.-J., Hung, C., Shen, C.-H., & Hsu, H. (2013) · Applied Energy · doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2013.01.034 · Cited by 225
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Rail vs Truck Transport of Biomass
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Research works printed but not linked: 1
- Lipinsky, 2002, Torrefied wood, an enhanced wood fuel, Fuel Chem Div, 47, 408
Cited by
A Comprehensive Review on Biomass Torrefaction
Nhuchhen, D., Basu, P., & Acharya, B. (2014) · International Journal of Renewable Energy & Biofuels · doi:10.5171/2014.506376 · Cited by 300
“Hydrophobicity of pellets increases with the increasing of the torrefaction temperature (Duncan et al., 2013; Li et al., 2012).”
BackgroundInfluentialEffects of binders on the properties of bio-char pellets
Hu, Q., Shao, J., Yang, H., Yao, D., Wang, X., & Chen, H. (2015) · Applied Energy · doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.05.019 · Cited by 242
Chen, W., Chen, C.-J., Hung, C., Shen, C.-H., & Hsu, H. (2013) · Applied Energy · doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2013.01.034 · Cited by 225
Mixed biomass pellets for thermal energy production: A review of combustion models
Nunes, L. J. R., Matias, J. C. O., & Catalào, J. P. S. (2014) · Applied Energy · doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2014.04.042 · Cited by 164
Chen, W., Lu, K.-M., Liu, S., Tsai, C.-M., Lee, W., & Lin, T. (2013) · Bioresource Technology · doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2013.07.064 · Cited by 159
Kota, K. B., Shenbagaraj, S., Sharma, P. K., Sharma, A. K., Ghodke, P. K., & Chen, W. (2022) · Fuel · doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2022.124663 · Cited by 132
Torrefaction of olive mill waste
Benavente, V., & Fullana, A. (2015) · Biomass and Bioenergy · doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2014.12.020 · Cited by 121
A simulation model for the design and analysis of wood pellet supply chains
Mobini, M., Sowlati, T., & Sokhansanj, S. (2013) · Applied Energy · doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2013.06.026 · Cited by 111
Rudolfsson, M., Borén, E., Pommer, L., Nordin, A., & Lestander, T. A. (2017) · Applied Energy · doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.01.035 · Cited by 107
Steam treatment of four softwood species and bark to produce torrefied wood
Tooyserkani, Z., Sokhansanj, S., Bi, X. T., Lim, J., Lau, A., Saddler, J. N., Kumar, L., Lam, P. S., & Melin, S. (2012) · Applied Energy · doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2012.10.016 · Cited by 64
Sustainable development of energy, water and environment systems
Duić, N., Guzović, Z., Kafarov, V. V., Klemeš, J. J., Mathiesen, B. V., & Yan, J. (2012) · Applied Energy · doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2012.08.002 · Cited by 64
Integrated approach for sustainable development of energy, water and environment systems
Krajačić, G., Vujanović, M., Duić, N., Kılkış, Ş., Rosen, M. A., & Al-Nimr, M. A. (2017) · Energy Conversion and Management · doi:10.1016/j.enconman.2017.12.016 · Cited by 64
Krajačić, G., Duić, N., Vujanović, M., Kılkış, Ş., Rosen, M. A., & Al-Nimr, M. A. (2016) · Energy Conversion and Management · doi:10.1016/j.enconman.2016.08.050 · Cited by 55
Effect of production conditions on self-heating propensity of torrefied sawmill residues
Ceballos, D. C. C., Hawboldt, K., & Helleur, R. J. (2015) · Fuel · doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2015.07.097 · Cited by 50
Ahmed, I., Ali, A., Ali, B., Hassan, M., Hussain, S., Hashmi, H., Ali, Z., Soomro, A., & Mukwana, K. C. (2021) · BioEnergy Research · doi:10.1007/s12155-021-10335-8 · Cited by 32
Effect of torrefaction on fuel properties of biopellets
Çetinkaya, B., Erkent, S., Ekinci, K., Civan, M., Bilgili, M. E., & Yurdakul, S. (2024) · Heliyon · doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e23989 · Cited by 21
Jahromi, M. Y., Atashkari, K., & Kalteh, M. (2019) · International Journal of Energy Research · doi:10.1002/er.4692 · Cited by 19
Siyal, A. A., Xiao, M., Liu, Y., Ao, W., Jiang, Z., Wahab, N., Ran, C., Zhang, R., Liu, G., & Dai, J. (2021) · Biomass and Bioenergy · doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2021.106087 · Cited by 18
Engineering Properties of Biomass
Lam, P. S., & Sokhansanj, S. (2014) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-8014-4_2 · Cited by 18
A CFD based comprehensive study of coal-fired updraft gasifier in ceramic industry
Manek, B., Javia, M. S., Harichandan, A. B., & Ramani, H. B. (2018) · Thermal Science and Engineering Progress · doi:10.1016/j.tsep.2018.11.001 · Cited by 17
Haykiri-Acma, H., & Yaman, S. (2022) · Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery · doi:10.1007/s13399-022-02599-7 · Cited by 14
Comparison of different woody biomass gasification behavior in an entrained flow gasifier
Jahromi, M. Y., Atashkari, K., & Kalteh, M. (2021) · Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery · doi:10.1007/s13399-021-01369-1 · Cited by 12
Biochar Production From Vineyard Pruning Waste by Oxidative Torrefaction
Özer, G., & Duranay, N. (2025) · GCB Bioenergy · doi:10.1111/gcbb.70031 · Cited by 7
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In-situ torrefaction and spherical pelletization of partially pre-torrefied hybrid poplar
Nicksy, D., Pollard, A., Strong, D., & Hendry, J. A. (2014) · Biomass and Bioenergy · doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2014.08.011 · Cited by 5
Self-citationTORREFACTION OF BEECH AND SPRUCE SAWDUST
Grîu, T., & Lunguleasa, A. (2014) · DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) · Cited by 2
Use of Fabaceae and pine sawdust as alternatives to pelletizing for energy purposes
Hernández-Méndez, J., Pintor-Ibarra, L. F., Alvarado-Flores, J. J., Berrueta-Soriano, V. M., Ruíz-Aquino, F., & Rutiaga-Quiñones, J. G. (2026) · Next Sustainability · doi:10.1016/j.nxsust.2026.100340 · Cited by 1
Experimental Research of Oxy-fuel Combustion of Biomass in a Circulating Fluidized-Bed
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Analysis of combustion of pellet fuels in a circulating fluidized-bed
Kosowska‐Golachowska, M., Musiał, T., Kijo–Kleczkowska, A., & Wolski, K. (2015)
Hopan, F., Garba, M., Wang, W., & Szramowiat-Sala, K. (2026) · Applications in Energy and Combustion Science · doi:10.1016/j.jaecs.2026.100537
Metadata
- Authors
- Duncan, A., Pollard, A., & Fellouah, H.
- Affiliations
- Queen's University (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Pollard, Andrew
- Venue
- Applied Energy
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2013-01
- Volume
- 101
- Pages
- 237-243
- ISSN
- 0306-2619 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2071291660
- Cited by
- 30
- References
- 14
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 3 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 3
- FWCI
- 2.74
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
- Locations
- Applied Energy (publishedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Ontario Centres of Excellence
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Energy › Fuel Technology › Thermochemical Biomass Conversion Processes
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Forestry › Wood Residue Utilization and Solid Biofuels
- Physical Sciences › Energy › Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment › Forest Biomass Utilization and Management
- Keywords
- torrefaction, biomass pellets, spherical pellets, torrefied biomass, tensile strength, abrasion resistance, moisture absorption, higher heating value, torrefaction temperature, proximate analysis
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
