The DOI matches its Crossref record; 28 of the 28 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
A multi-level energy management system for multi-source electric vehicles – An integrated rule-based meta-heuristic approach
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Optimization by Simulated Annealing
Kirkpatrick, S., Gelatt, C. D., & Vecchi, M. P. (1983) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.220.4598.671 · Cited by 45,134
Modern heuristic techniques for combinatorial problems
Reeves, C. R. (1993) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 2,580
Modern Electric, Hybrid Electric, and Fuel Cell Vehicles: Fundamentals, Theory, and Design
Ehsani, M., Gao, Y., Gay, S. E., & Emadi, A. (2004) · CRC Press eBooks · doi:10.1201/9781420037739 · Cited by 1,248
Energy Storage Systems for Automotive Applications
Lukic, S. M., Cao, J., Bansal, R. C., Rodriguez, F., & Emadi, A. (2008) · IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics · doi:10.1109/tie.2008.918390 · Cited by 1,025
Salmasi, F. R. (2007) · IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology · doi:10.1109/tvt.2007.899933 · Cited by 863
Batteries and Ultracapacitors for Electric, Hybrid, and Fuel Cell Vehicles
Burke, A. F. (2007) · Proceedings of the IEEE · doi:10.1109/jproc.2007.892490 · Cited by 791
Energy-management system for a hybrid electric vehicle, using ultracapacitors and neural networks
Moreno, J., Ortuzar, M. E., & Dixon, J. W. (2006) · IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics · doi:10.1109/tie.2006.870880 · Cited by 748
Energy management of fuel cell/battery/supercapacitor hybrid power source for vehicle applications
Thounthong, P., Raël, S., & Davat, B. (2009) · Journal of Power Sources · doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2008.12.120 · Cited by 574
A Comparative Study Of Supervisory Control Strategies for Hybrid Electric Vehicles
Pisu, P., & Rizzoni, G. (2007) · IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology · doi:10.1109/tcst.2007.894649 · Cited by 574
A reference book of driving cycles for use in the measurement of road vehicle emissions
Barlow, T. J., Latham, S. R., McCrae, I. S., et al. (2009) · Project report - Transport Research Laboratory · Cited by 463
Cited by
Martinez, C. M., Hu, X., Cao, D., Velenis, E., Gao, B., & Wellers, M. (2017) · IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology · doi:10.1109/tvt.2016.2582721 · Cited by 717
A comprehensive review of the key technologies for pure electric vehicles
Li, Z., Khajepour, A., & Song, J. (2019) · Energy · doi:10.1016/j.energy.2019.06.077 · Cited by 615
Peng, J., Wang, R., Liao, H., Zhou, Y., Li, H., Wu, Y., & Huang, Z. (2019) · Energies · doi:10.3390/en12030440 · Cited by 25
Metadata
- Authors
- Trovão, J. P., Pereirinha, P. G., Jorge, H. M., & Antunes, C. H.
- Venue
- Applied Energy
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2013-05
- Volume
- 105
- Pages
- 304-318
- ISSN
- 0306-2619 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1997948340
- Cited by
- 298
- References
- 28
- FWCI
- 45.11
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: A multi-level energy management system for multi-source electric vehicles – An integrated rule-based meta-heuristic approach. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1016/j.apenergy.2012.12.081
- The paper
- Trovão, J. P., Pereirinha, P. G., Jorge, H. M., & Antunes, C. H. (2013). A multi-level energy management system for multi-source electric vehicles – An integrated rule-based meta-heuristic approach. Applied Energy. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2012.12.081
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
