Supplementation with n-acetylcysteine and taurine failed to restore glutathione content in liver of streptozotocin-induced diabetics rats but protected from oxidative stress
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Rats were rendered diabetic with streptozotocin and supplemented or not with N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and taurine (TAU). The liver was examined for the quantity of glutathione (GSH), both total and oxidised (GSSG), by HPLC assay. Moreover, the liver expression of gamma-glutamyl-cysteine synthetase, cysteine dioxygenase and heme oxygenase 1 was evaluated. Streptozotocin-diabetic rats showed decreased levels of liver glutathione (GSH); dietary supplementation with the antioxidants NAC and TAU failed to restore liver GSH to the level of control rats. Gamma-glutamyl-cysteine synthetase expression was not reduced in the diabetic rats, so the low hepatic GSH level in the supplemented diabetic rats cannot be ascribed to decreased expression of the biosynthetic key enzyme. Moreover, the diabetic rats showed no evidence of increased expression of cysteine dioxygenase, which could have indicated that NAC-derived cysteine was consumed in metabolic pathways different from GSH synthesis. However, NAC+TAU treatment provided partial protection from glutathione oxidation in the liver of diabetic rats; moreover, the antioxidant treatment reduced the hepatic overexpression of heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) mRNA which was detected in the diabetic rats. In conclusion, although NAC was not able to restore liver GSH levels, the antioxidant treatment restrained GSH oxidation and HO-1 overexpression, which are markers of cellular oxidative stress: diabetic rats probably exploit NAC as an antioxidant itself rather than as a GSH precursor.
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Some studies observed that NAC did not restore decreased GSH levels.
“However, some studies observed that NAC did not restore decreased GSH levels [369]”
From Functions of ROS in Macrophages and Antimicrobial Immunity (2021) · cites this paper as [369]
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- Authors
- Patriarca, S., Furfaro, A. L., Domenicotti, C., Odetti, P., Cottalasso, D., Marinari, U. M., Pronzato, M. A., & Traverso, N.
- Affiliations
- University of Genoa (IT)
- Corresponding author
- Traverso, Nicola
- ORCID
- Venue
- Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Basis of Disease
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2005-06
- Volume
- 1741
- Issue
- 1-2
- Pages
- 48-54
- ISSN
- 0925-4439 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1973431752
- Cited by
- 41
- References
- 40
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 1.18
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Basis of Disease (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- CINECA IRIS Institutial Research Information System (University of Genoa) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- University of Washington
- Ministero dell’Istruzione, dell’Università e della Ricerca (COFIN 2004, 2004063943, 2003067599, FIRB_2001)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biochemistry › Sulfur Compounds in Biology
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Aldose Reductase and Taurine
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Genomics, phytochemicals, and oxidative stress
- Keywords
- N-acetylcysteine, taurine, glutathione, oxidative stress, streptozotocin-induced diabetes, liver, heme oxygenase-1, gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase, cysteine dioxygenase, antioxidant supplementation, glutathione oxidation, glutathione disulfide
- MeSH terms
- Acetylcysteine, Animals, Antioxidants, Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental, Glutathione, Liver, Male, Taurine, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Oxidative Stress, Dioxygenases, Rats
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