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Post-transcriptional pseudouridylation in mRNA as well as in some major types of noncoding RNAs

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Adachi, Hironori, De Zoysa, Meemanage D., Yu, Yi-Tao·2019·Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Gene Regulatory Mechanisms
DOI 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2018.11.002PMC PMC6401265
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Abstract

Pseudouridylation is a post-transcriptional isomerization reaction that converts a uridine to a pseudouridine (Ψ) within an RNA chain. Ψ has chemical properties that are distinct from that of uridine and any other known nucleotides. Experimental data accumulated thus far have indicated that Ψ is present in many different types of RNAs, including coding and noncoding RNAs. Ψ is particularly concentrated in rRNA and spliceosomal snRNAs, and plays an important role in protein translation and pre-mRNA splicing, respectively. Ψ has also been found in mRNA, but its function there remains essentially unknown. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms and functions of RNA pseudouridylation, focusing on rRNA, snRNA and mRNA. We also discuss the methods, which have been developed to detect Ψs in RNAs. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: mRNA modifications in gene expression control edited by Dr. Soller Matthias and Dr. Fray Rupert.

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  • When nucleotide U in stop codons was replaced by Ψ, the rate of misreading of a stop codon by a near-cognate tRNAs increased.

    “When nucleotide U in stop codons was replaced by Ψ, the rate of misreading of a stop codon by a near-cognate tRNAs increased [17].”

    From Detailed Dissection and Critical Evaluation of the Pfizer/BioNTech and Moderna mRNA Vaccines (2021) · cites this paper as [17]

    In “Targeted pseudouridylation promotes stop codon read-through” (page unavailable), the review reports that replacing U with Ψ promotes stop-codon read-through and describes tRNA anticodon pairing during decoding. It does not report a measured increase in the rate of misreading by near-cognate tRNAs specifically. (LLM, conf=0.82)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • Ψ is more promiscuous in base-pairing than U and can pair with both A and G and, to a lesser extent, with C and U, so stop codons become more prone to misreading by tRNAs.

    “As Ψ is more promiscuous in base-pairing than U and can pair with both A and G and, to a less extent, with C and U [16], stop codons become more prone to misreading by tRNAs [17].”

    From Detailed Dissection and Critical Evaluation of the Pfizer/BioNTech and Moderna mRNA Vaccines (2021) · cites this paper as [17]

    The Introduction (page unavailable) says Ψ has an additional hydrogen-bond donor and chemical properties distinct from U, but does not specify that Ψ pairs with A and G or, less readily, C and U. The stop-codon read-through section reports decoding of pseudouridylated stop codons, but the citing sentence attaches a separate citation to that consequence. (LLM, conf=0.80)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

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Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Adachi, H., De Zoysa, M. D., & Yu, Y.-T.
Affiliations
University of Rochester Medicine (US)
Corresponding author
Yu, Yi-Tao
ORCID
Yu, Yi-Tao
Venue
Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Gene Regulatory Mechanisms
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2019-03
Volume
1862
Issue
3
Pages
230-239
ISSN
1874-9399 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.bbagrm.2018.11.002
PMC
PMC6401265
OpenAlex
W2900391652
Cited by
60
References
2
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 5
FWCI
0.54
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Gene Regulatory Mechanisms (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
National Institutes of Health (GM104077, AG39559)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › RNA modifications and cancer
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › RNA regulation and disease
Keywords
pseudouridine, post-transcriptional RNA modification, mRNA modification, ribosomal RNA, small nuclear RNA, mRNA translation, pre-mRNA splicing, non-coding RNA
MeSH terms
Animals, Humans, Pseudouridine, RNA Processing, Post-Transcriptional, RNA, Messenger, RNA, Untranslated

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