Cited by 246SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 ResearchCOVID-19 Clinical Research StudiesLong-Term Effects of COVID-19

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Six-month sequelae of post-vaccination SARS-CoV-2 infection: A retrospective cohort study of 10,024 breakthrough infections

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Taquet, Maxime, Dercon, Quentin, Harrison, Paul J.·2022·Brain, Behavior, and Immunity

DOI 10.1016/j.bbi.2022.04.013PMC PMC9013695

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Abstract

Vaccination has proven effective against infection with SARS-CoV-2, as well as death and hospitalisation following COVID-19 illness. However, little is known about the effect of vaccination on other acute and post-acute outcomes of COVID-19. Data were obtained from the TriNetX electronic health records network (over 81 million patients mostly in the USA). Using a retrospective cohort study and time-to-event analysis, we compared the incidences of COVID-19 outcomes between individuals who received a COVID-19 vaccine (approved for use in the USA) at least 2 weeks before SARS-CoV-2 infection and propensity score-matched individuals unvaccinated for COVID-19 but who had received an influenza vaccine. Outcomes were ICD-10 codes representing documented COVID-19 sequelae in the 6 months after a confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection (recorded between January 1 and August 31, 2021, i.e. before the emergence of the Omicron variant). Associations with the number of vaccine doses (1 vs. 2) and age (<60 vs. ≥ 60 years-old) were assessed. Among 10,024 vaccinated individuals with SARS-CoV-2 infection, 9479 were matched to unvaccinated controls. Receiving at least one COVID-19 vaccine dose was associated with a significantly lower risk of respiratory failure, ICU admission, intubation/ventilation, hypoxaemia, oxygen requirement, hypercoagulopathy/venous thromboembolism, seizures, psychotic disorder, and hair loss (each as composite endpoints with death to account for competing risks; HR 0.70-0.83, Bonferroni-corrected p < 0.05), but not other outcomes, including long-COVID features, renal disease, mood, anxiety, and sleep disorders. Receiving 2 vaccine doses was associated with lower risks for most outcomes. Associations between prior vaccination and outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 infection were marked in those <60 years-old, whereas no robust associations were observed in those ≥60 years-old. In summary, COVID-19 vaccination is associated with lower risk of several, but not all, COVID-19 sequelae in those with breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infection. The findings may inform service planning, contribute to forecasting public health impacts of vaccination programmes, and highlight the need to identify additional interventions for COVID-19 sequelae.

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Authors: Taquet, M., Dercon, Q., & Harrison, P. J.
Affiliations: Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust (GB)
MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit (GB)
Corresponding author: Taquet, Maxime
ORCID: Taquet, Maxime
Dercon, Quentin
Harrison, Paul J.
Venue: Brain, Behavior, and Immunity
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2022-07
Volume: 103
Pages: 154-162
ISSN: 0889-1591 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2022.04.013
PMC: PMC9013695
OpenAlex: W4225562523
Cited by: 246
References: 37
Citations by year: 2026: 8 · 2025: 28 · 2024: 68 · 2023: 79 · 2022: 60
FWCI: 28.72
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: hybrid
doi.org
Licence: cc-by
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/legal/tdmrep-license (tdm)
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (vor)
Locations: Brain Behavior and Immunity (publishedVersion, cc-by)
medRxiv (acceptedVersion, cc-by-nc)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Apollo (University of Cambridge) (submittedVersion)
Apollo
Funders: National Institute for Health and Care Research
AXA Research Fund (G102329)
NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre (BRC-1215-20005)
Medical Research Council (SUAG/077 G101400)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Long-Term Effects of COVID-19
Keywords: breakthrough infection, SARS-CoV-2, post-COVID-19 sequelae, long COVID, respiratory failure, intensive care unit admission, intubation and mechanical ventilation, hypoxemia, venous thromboembolism, hypercoagulability, seizures, psychosis, hair loss, vaccine dose number, older adults, Omicron variant
MeSH terms: COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 Vaccines, Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome, Humans, Middle Aged, Retrospective Studies, Vaccination, Disease Progression

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Six-month sequelae of post-vaccination SARS-CoV-2 infection: A retrospective cohort study of 10,024 breakthrough infections

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