Flavonoids showed anticancer effects on the ovarian cancer cells: Involvement of reactive oxygen species, apoptosis, cell cycle and invasion
Open accessAbstract
Flavonoids have been recently identified as a potential anticancer agent against various human epithelial cancers. In this study, the elucidation of mechanisms underlying the anticancer effects of the apigenin, luteolin and myricetin will be new knowledge about preventive strategies against epithelial ovarian cancer in which the effect of flavonoids is still unclear. The cytotoxic effect of flavonoids was assessed by MTT analysis of the ovarian cancer cells (A2780, OVCAR-3 and SKOV-3) in comparison to the ovarian epithelial cells (OSE). The intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, malondialdehyde (MDA) and protein carbonyl levels, caspase-3 and -9 activities were evaluated using fluorescence spectrometry. Apoptosis and cell cycle arrest, and cell invasion were measured by flow cytometry and Boyden chamber assay, respectively. MTT analysis showed that flavonoids selectively decreased the cell viability of cancer cells. Furthermore, the intracellular ROS generation was induced or scavenged by flavonoids depending on the structural differences. The flavonoids increased MDA levels due to the disruption of the membrane. Caspase activities indicated that flavonoids activated the extrinsic apoptotic pathway when ROS was scavenged. In contrast, the induced intracellular ROS generation resulted in the activation of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway. In addition, the cell cycle was arrested in different cell cycle phases and cell invasion on the collagen was disrupted by flavonoids. The anticancer activities of apigenin, luteolin and myricetin were attributed to the alterations of ROS signaling, and as well as the induction of apoptosis, cell cycle arrest and abrogation of the invasion. The present study may uncover new strategies for ovarian cancer therapy.
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Diabetes is accepted as a common disease, while accepting cancer, especially breast cancer, is difficult for patients.
“ّوچٌیي زیاتت تِ فٌَاى یه تیواضی قایـ زض راهقِ پصیطفتِ قسُ اؾت زض حالی وِ پصیطـ ؾطعاى، تِ ذهَل ؾطعاى پؿتاى، تطای تیواضاى ؾرت ٍ زقَاض اؾت ( 54 ، .)55”
From Effectiveness of Mindfulness Training in Emotion Regulation and Distress Tolerance among Breast Cancer Patients (2024) · cites this paper as [54]
The Introduction and Discussion address ovarian cancer and flavonoid treatments, not how patients accept a diagnosis. Searches for diabetes as an accepted common disease and for difficulty accepting breast cancer found no passage addressing either point; page numbers were unavailable in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.75)
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Parsaee, S., Jahani, N., Salehiniya, H., & Raeison, M. (2024) · Journal of Breast Diseases · doi:10.61186/ijbd.17.1.84
- Authors
- Tavsan, Z., & Kayali, H. A.
- Venue
- Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2019-08
- Volume
- 116
- Pages
- 109004
- ISSN
- 0753-3322 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2944932175
- Cited by
- 190
- References
- 62
- Citations by year
- 2026: 12 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 33 · 2023: 33 · 2022: 45 · 2021: 25 · 2020: 22 · 2019: 5
- FWCI
- 15.02
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Flavonoids in Medical Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Biochemistry › Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Activities
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Synthesis of Organic Compounds
- Keywords
- flavonoids, ovarian cancer, apigenin, luteolin, myricetin, reactive oxygen species, apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, cell invasion, caspase-3, caspase-9, lipid peroxidation, malondialdehyde, anticancer agents
- MeSH terms
- Antineoplastic Agents, Antioxidants, Cell Cycle, Female, Flavonoids, Humans, Malondialdehyde, Neoplasm Invasiveness, Ovarian Neoplasms, Oxidation-Reduction, Structure-Activity Relationship, Lipid Peroxidation, Free Radical Scavengers, Apoptosis, Reactive Oxygen Species, Oxidative Stress, Inhibitory Concentration 50, Cell Line, Tumor, Apigenin, Luteolin
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