Dextroamphetamine causes a change in regional brain activity in vivo during cognitive tasks: A functional magnetic resonance imaging study of blood oxygen level-dependent response
Abstract
Background Dextroamphetamine is known to have profound effects on both subjective and physiologic measurements, but it is unclear to what extent these behavioral changes are a direct result of altered regional brain activation. One method to measure this is to use functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Methods In the present study, fMRI was used to measure both the spatial extent of changes (the number of pixels activated) and the magnitude of the blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) response. We examined the effects of motor, verbal, memory, and spatial attention task during fMRI in 18 healthy volunteers. Functional MRI measurements were obtained at baseline and again 75 min after an oral dose of 25 mg dextroamphetamine. Results Dextroamphetamine caused a decrease in the number of activated pixels and the magnitude of the BOLD response during the three cognitive tasks tested but not during the motor task. These changes were region and task specific. Conclusions This is the first study to examine the effect of dextroamphetamine on the number of activated pixels and the BOLD response during the performance of a range of cognitive and motor tasks. Our results suggest that dextroamphetamine causes measurable decreases in brain activity in a variety of regions during cognitive tasks. These changes might be linked to behavioral changes observed after dextroamphetamine administration and could possibly be mediated by alterations in dopaminergic activation.
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Low to moderate (5-25 mg) administration of amphetamine in healthy subjects enhanced some spatial working memory performance measures, indicating that amphetamine might have some degree of influence on spatial working memory performance.
“Specifically, low to moderate (5–25 mg) administration of AMP in healthy subjects enhanced reaction time on SIRP (Ward et al., 1997b; Willson et al., 2004), enhanced SWM on SIRP in a time‐dependent manner (Makris et al., 2007), enhanced reaction time on single and dual tasks (Barch & Carter, 2005), enhanced performance accuracy on spatial delay response task (Fleming et al., 1995), enhanced perfor”
From Systematic reviews of the acute effects of amphetamine on working memory and other cognitive performances in healthy individuals, with a focus on the potential influence of personality traits (2023) · cites this paper as Willson et al., 2004
Three of the four studies that reported AMP improves the response rate component of SWM used the SIRP task.
“Three (Makris et al., 2007; Ward et al., 1997a, 1997b; Willson et al., 2004) of the four studies that reported AMP improves the response rate component of SWM used SIRP task”
From Systematic reviews of the acute effects of amphetamine on working memory and other cognitive performances in healthy individuals, with a focus on the potential influence of personality traits (2023) · cites this paper as Willson et al., 2004
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Dextroamphetamine: Cognitive and Behavioral Effects in Normal Prepubertal Boys
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On the Use of Caffeine as a Contrast Booster for BOLD fMRI Studies
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Dextro-amphetamine increases phosphoinositol cycle activity in volunteers: an MRS study
Silverstone, P. H., O'Donnell, T., Ulrich, M., Asghar, S., & Hanstock, C. C. (2002) · Human Psychopharmacology: Clinical and Experimental · doi:10.1002/hup.434 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
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Kassim, F. M. (2023) · Human Psychopharmacology: Clinical and Experimental · doi:10.1002/hup.2856 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
“Specifically, low to moderate (5–25 mg) administration of AMP in healthy sub- jects enhanced reaction time on SIRP (Ward et al., 1997b; Willson et al., 2004), enhanced SWM on SIRP in a time‐dependent manner (Makris et al., 2007), enhanced reaction time on single and dual tasks (Barch & Carter,…”
BackgroundInfluential
- Authors
- Willson, M. C., Wilman, A. H., Bell, E. C., Asghar, S. J., & Silverstone, P. H.
- Affiliations
- University of Alberta (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Silverstone, Peter H.
- Venue
- Biological Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2004-08
- Volume
- 56
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 284-291
- ISSN
- 0006-3223 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2046671101
- Cited by
- 36
- References
- 7
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 2 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 1.05
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Biological Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Keywords
- d-amphetamine, regional brain activation, BOLD signal, cognitive tasks, memory, spatial attention, verbal tasks, motor tasks
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Central Nervous System Stimulants, Attention, Brain, Brain Mapping, Dextroamphetamine, Female, Humans, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Memory, Short-Term, Oxygen, Psychomotor Performance, Verbal Behavior
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