Cited by 151Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on BehaviorNeural and Behavioral Psychology StudiesNeuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research

Dextroamphetamine Enhances “Neural Network-Specific” Physiological Signals: A Positron-Emission Tomography rCBF Study

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Mattay, Venkata S., Berman, Karen Faith, Ostrem, Jill L., Esposito, Giuseppe, Van Horn, John D., Bigelow, Llewellyn B., Weinberger, Daniel R.·1996·The Journal of Neuroscience

Abstract

Previous studies in animals and humans suggest that monoamines enhance behavior-evoked neural activity relative to nonspecific background activity (i.e., increase signal-to-noise ratio). We studied the effects of dextroamphetamine, an indirect monoaminergic agonist, on cognitively evoked neural activity in eight healthy subjects using positron-emission tomography and the O 15 water intravenous bolus method to measure regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF). Dextroamphetamine (0.25 mg/kg) or placebo was administered in a double-blind, counterbalanced design 2 hr before the rCBF study in sessions separated by 1–2 weeks. rCBF was measured while subjects performed four different tasks: two abstract reasoning tasks—the Wisconsin Card Sorting Task (WCST), a neuropsychological test linked to a cortical network involving dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and other association cortices, and Ravens Progressive Matrices (RPM), a nonverbal intelligence test linked to posterior cortical systems—and two corresponding sensorimotor control tasks. There were no significant drug or task effects on pCO 2 or on global blood flow. However, the effect of dextroamphetamine (i.e., dextroamphetamine vs placebo) on task-dependent rCBF activation (i.e., task − control task) showed double dissociations with respect to task and region in the very brain areas that most distinctly differentiate the tasks. In the superior portion of the left inferior frontal gyrus, dextroamphetamine increased rCBF during WCST but decreased it during RPM (ANOVA F(1,7) = 16.72, p < 0.0046). In right hippocampus, blood flow decreased during WCST but increased during RPM (ANOVA F(1,7) = 18.7, p < 0.0035). These findings illustrate that dextroamphetamine tends to “focus” neural activity, to highlight the neural network that is specific for a particular cognitive task. This capacity of dextroamphetamine to induce cognitively specific signal augmentation may provide a neurobiological explanation for improved cognitive efficiency with dextroamphetamine.

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  1. Milner B (1964) Some effects of frontal lobotomy in man. New York: McGraw-Hill.
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Authors
Mattay, V. S., Berman, K. F., Ostrem, J. L., Esposito, G., Van Horn, J. D., Bigelow, L. B., & Weinberger, D. R.
Affiliations
National Institutes of Health (US)
Venue
The Journal of Neuroscience
Published
1996-08-01
Volume
16
Issue
15
Pages
4816-4822
ISSN
  • 0270-6474 (ISSN-L)
  • 1529-2401
OpenAlex
W1649131281
Cited by
151
References
63
Citations by year
2023: 1 · 2022: 1 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 5 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 5
FWCI
2.17
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Journal of Neuroscience (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
Keywords
d-amphetamine, regional cerebral blood flow, signal-to-noise ratio, neural network activation, Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, Raven's Progressive Matrices, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, inferior frontal gyrus, cognitive efficiency
MeSH terms
Adult, Analysis of Variance, Brain, Cerebrovascular Circulation, Cognition, Dextroamphetamine, Female, Humans, Male, Memory, Tomography, Emission-Computed

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