The DOI matches its Crossref record; 38 of the 40 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Understanding Genetic Risk for Aggression: Clues From the Brain’s Response to Social Exclusion
Abstract
Background Although research indicates a relationship between the monoamine oxidase-A (MAOA) gene and aggression, the intervening neural and psychological mechanisms are unknown. Individuals with the low expression allele (MAOA-L) of a functional polymorphism in the MAOA gene might be prone to aggression because they are socially or emotionally hyposensitive and thus care less about harming others or because they are socially or emotionally hypersensitive and thus respond to negative social experiences with defensively aggressive behavior.Methods We investigated the relationships between the MAOA polymorphism, trait aggression, trait interpersonal hypersensitivity, and neural responses to social exclusion in 32 healthy men and women.Results The MAOA-L individuals (men and women) reported higher trait aggression than individuals with the high expression allele (MAOA-H). The MAOA-L individuals reported higher trait interpersonal hypersensitivity and showed greater dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) activity (associated with rejection-related distress) to social exclusion compared with MAOA-H individuals, consistent with a social hypersensitivity hypothesis. Moreover, the MAOA-aggression relationship was mediated by greater dACC reactivity to social exclusion, suggesting that MAOA might relate to aggression through socioemotional hypersensitivity.Conclusions These data suggest that the relationship between MAOA and aggression might be due to a heightened rather than a reduced sensitivity to negative socioemotional experiences like social rejection.
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In the citing paper
“This fi nding is noteworthy because extant fMRI research has induced feelings of rejection that may not be particularly intense.”
From Social rejection shares somatosensory representations with physical pain (2011) · cites this paper as [10]
In the citing paper
“Activation of the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), for example, has been associated with genotypic variations in DRD2 (Pecina et al., 2013) and MAOA (Eisenberger et al., 2007), high skin conductance reactivity (Nagai et al., 2010), and negative emotionality/neuroticism (Haas et al., 2007).”
From Adolescent neurobiological susceptibility to social context (2016) · cites this paper as Eisenberger et al., 2007
Citations
Cites
A comparison of methods to test mediation and other intervening variable effects
MacKinnon, D. P., Lockwood, C. M., Hoffman, J. M., West, S. G., & Sheets, V. (2002) · Psychological Methods · doi:10.1037/1082-989x.7.1.83 · Cited by 9,406
Role of genotype in the cycle of violence in maltreated children
Caspi, A., McClay, J., Moffitt, T. E., Mill, J., Martin, J., Craig, I. W., Taylor, A., & Poulton, R. (2002) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1072290 · Cited by 4,842
Does Rejection Hurt? An fMRI Study of Social Exclusion
Eisenberger, N. I., Lieberman, M. D., & Williams, K. D. (2003) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1089134 · Cited by 3,849
Self-citationForman, S. D., Cohen, J. D., Fitzgerald, M., Eddy, W. F., Mintun, M. A., & Noll, D. C. (1995) · Magnetic Resonance in Medicine · doi:10.1002/mrm.1910330508 · Cited by 3,202
Serotonin transporter genetic variation and the response of the human amygdala.
Hariri, A. R., Mattay, V. S., Tessitore, A., Kolachana, B., Fera, F., Goldman, D., Egan, M. F., & Weinberger, D. R. (2002) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1071829 · Cited by 2,340
Cyberostracism: effects of being ignored over the Internet
Williams, K. D., Cheung, C. K. T., & Choi, W. (2000) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.79.5.748 · Cited by 2,276
Social Information-Processing Mechanisms in Reactive and Proactive Aggression
Crick, N. R., & Dodge, K. A. (1996) · Child Development · doi:10.2307/1131875 · Cited by 2,095
Aggression: Its Causes, Consequences, and Control
Berkowitz, L. J. (1993) · Cited by 1,950
Primate anterior cingulate cortex: Where motor control, drive and cognition interface
Paus, T. (2001) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/35077500 · Cited by 1,722 · cited 1×
“Similarly, neuroimaging studies of healthy individuals have hown that both feelings of anger (Dougherty et al. 1999) and eelings of social distress (Eisenberger et al. 2003) lead to ncreased dACC activity (for a more complete review of the xtended circuitry of the ACC, see Paus 2001).”
BackgroundAbnormal behavior associated with a point mutation in the structural gene for monoamine oxidase A
Brunner, H. G., Nelen, M., Breakefield, X. O., Ropers, H. H., & van Oost, B. A. (1993) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.8211186 · Cited by 1,644
Cited by
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Mindfulness: Theoretical Foundations and Evidence for its Salutary Effects
Brown, K. W., Ryan, R. M., & Creswell, J. D. (2007) · Psychological Inquiry · doi:10.1080/10478400701598298 · Cited by 3,654
Eisenberger, N. I. (2012) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn3231 · Cited by 1,016
Self-citationTaylor, S. E. (2012) · The Oxford Handbook of Health Psychology · doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195342819.013.0009 · Cited by 993
Self-citationSchizophrenia, substance abuse, and violent crime
Fazel, S. (2009) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2009.675 · Cited by 726
“One promising approach would be to use molecular genetic studies, wherein a host of putative genetic markers exist.(41) Regardless of the nature of the mechanism, adequate substance abuse treatment for individuals with schizophrenia is likely to reduce the risk of violence and should be part of the routine assessment…”
Social rejection shares somatosensory representations with physical pain
Kross, E., Berman, M. G., Mischel, W., Smith, E. E., & Wager, T. D. (2011) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1102693108 · Cited by 689
Metadata
- Authors
- Eisenberger, N. I., Way, B. M., Taylor, S. E., Welch, W. T., & Lieberman, M. D.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Los Angeles (US)
- Corresponding author
- Eisenberger, Naomi I.
- Venue
- Biological Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2007-05
- Volume
- 61
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 1100-1108
- ISSN
- 0006-3223 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2148207563
- Cited by
- 229
- References
- 40
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 21 · 2015: 19 · 2014: 27 · 2013: 16 · 2012: 17
- FWCI
- 5.43
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Biological Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH056880, R01MH56880, R21MH066709, MH15750, T32MH019925, R21MH071521, R21MH66709, T32MH015750)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Bullying, Victimization, and Aggression
- Keywords
- monoamine oxidase A, aggression, social exclusion, social rejection, dorsal anterior cingulate cortex, trait aggression, genetic risk
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aggression, Alleles, Brain Chemistry, Cerebral Cortex, Emotions, Female, Genotype, Humans, Interpersonal Relations, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Polymorphism, Genetic, Psychological Tests, Risk, Social Environment, Clinical Trials Data Monitoring Committees
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