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Acute Negative Affect Relief from Smoking Depends on the Affect Situation and Measure but Not on Nicotine

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Perkins, Kenneth A., Karelitz, Joshua L., Conklin, Cynthia A., Sayette, Michael A., Giedgowd, Grace E.·2010·Biological Psychiatry
DOI 10.1016/j.biopsych.2009.12.017PMC PMC5367382
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Abstract

Background Smoking acutely relieves negative affect (NA) due to smoking abstinence but may not relieve NA from other sources, such as stressors. Methods Dependent smokers (n = 104) randomly assigned to one of three smoking conditions (nicotine or denicotinized cigarettes, or no smoking) completed four negative mood induction procedures (one per session): 1) overnight smoking abstinence, 2) challenging computer task, 3) public speech preparation, and 4) watching negative mood slides. A fifth session involved a neutral mood control. The two smoking groups took four puffs on their assigned cigarette and then smoked those same cigarettes ad libitum during continued mood induction. All subjects rated their level of NA and positive affect on several measures (Mood Form, Positive and Negative Affect Scale, Stress-Arousal Checklist, and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory-state). They also rated craving and withdrawal. Results Negative affect relief from smoking depended on the NA source (i.e., mood induction procedure) and the affect measure. Smoking robustly relieved NA due to abstinence on all four measures but only modestly relieved NA due to the other sources and typically on only some measures. Smoking's effects on positive affect and withdrawal were similar to effects on NA, but relief of craving depended less on NA source. Smoking reinforcement only partly matched the pattern of NA relief. Few responses differed between the nicotine and denicotinized smoking groups. Conclusions Acute NA relief from smoking depends on the situation and the affect measure used but may not depend on nicotine intake. These results challenge the common assumption that smoking, and nicotine in particular, broadly alleviates NA.

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  • These results are concordant with the finding that abstinence-induced NA was most sensitive to alleviation by nicotine administration.

    “These results are concordant with the finding that abstinence-induced NA was most sensitive to alleviation by nicotine administration (Perkins, Karelitz, Conklin, Sayette, & Giedgowd, 2010).”

    From Modeling naturalistic craving, withdrawal, and affect during early nicotine abstinence: A pilot ecological momentary assessment study. (2015) · cites this paper as Perkins, Karelitz, Conklin, Sayette, & Giedgowd, 2010

    The Results (Negative Affect) report that smoking relieved abstinence-induced negative affect more robustly than negative affect from other sources. But negative affect differed little between the nicotine and denicotinized smoking groups, and the Discussion says either type of cigarette fully relieved it during abstinence. The paper therefore supports heightened sensitivity to smoking, not to nicotine administration specifically. (LLM, conf=0.88)

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Cited by

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Authors
Perkins, K. A., Karelitz, J. L., Conklin, C. A., Sayette, M. A., & Giedgowd, G. E.
Affiliations
University of Pittsburgh (US)
Corresponding author
Perkins, Kenneth A.
ORCID
Venue
Biological Psychiatry
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2010-04
Volume
67
Issue
8
Pages
707-714
ISSN
0006-3223 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.biopsych.2009.12.017
PMC
PMC5367382
OpenAlex
W1978214003
Cited by
105
References
8
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 13
FWCI
7.52
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations
  • Biological Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
National Institute of Drug Abuse (DA16483, DA19478, DA027449)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Smoking Behavior and Cessation
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors Study
Keywords
smoking, negative affect, nicotine, smoking abstinence, craving, withdrawal, positive affect, stress, mood induction, affect measurement
MeSH terms
Adult, Affect, Anxiety, Female, Humans, Male, Nicotine, Reinforcement, Psychology, Reward, Smoking, Social Environment, Stress, Psychological, Substance Withdrawal Syndrome, Smoking Cessation, Nicotinic Agonists, Executive Function

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