Cited by 2,535Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive ProcessesPersonality Traits and PsychologyPsychological Testing and Assessment

State‐Trait Anxiety Inventory

Spielberger, Charles D.·2010·The Corsini Encyclopedia of Psychology

Abstract

Anxiety was defined by Freud as “something felt,” an emotional state that included feelings of apprehension, tension, nervousness, and worry accompanied by physiological arousal. Consistent with Darwin's evolutionary perspective, Freud observed that anxiety was adaptive in motivating behavior that helped individuals cope with threatening situations and that intense anxiety was prevalent in most psychiatric disorders. In measuring anxiety, Cattell (1966) emphasized the importance of distinguishing between anxiety as an emotional state and individual differences in anxiety as a personality trait.

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Crossref · 10.1002/9780470479216.corpsy0943

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Authors
Spielberger, C. D.
Affiliations
University of South Florida (US)
Corresponding author
Spielberger, Charles D.
Venue
The Corsini Encyclopedia of Psychology
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2010-01-30
Pages
1-1
OpenAlex
W1569173481
Cited by
2,535
References
2
Citations by year
2026: 52 · 2025: 63 · 2024: 95 · 2023: 110 · 2022: 146 · 2021: 216 · 2020: 190 · 2019: 129 · 2018: 105 · 2017: 99 · 2016: 135 · 2015: 108 · 2014: 104 · 2013: 96 · 2012: 86
Type
reference entry
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
The Corsini Encyclopedia of Psychology (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Traits and Psychology
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Psychological Testing and Assessment
Keywords
State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, anxiety assessment, state anxiety, trait anxiety, emotional state, personality traits, Cattell

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