Cited by 1,338Eating Disorders and BehaviorsNutrition, Health and Food BehaviorObesity, Physical Activity, Diet

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The Prevalence and Correlates of Binge Eating Disorder in the World Health Organization World Mental Health Surveys

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Kessler, Ronald C., Berglund, Patricia A., Chiu, Wai Tat, Deitz, Anne C., Hudson, James I., Shahly, Victoria, Aguilar-Gaxiola, Sergio, Alonso, Jordi, Angermeyer, Matthias C., Benjet, Corina, Bruffaerts, Ronny, de Girolamo, Giovanni, de Graaf, Ron, Maria Haro, Josep, Kovess-Masfety, Viviane, O’Neill, Siobhan, Posada-Villa, Jose, Sasu, Carmen, Scott, Kate, Viana, Maria Carmen, Xavier, Miguel·2013·Biological Psychiatry

DOI 10.1016/j.biopsych.2012.11.020PMC PMC3628997

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Abstract

Background Little population-based data exist outside the United States on the epidemiology of binge eating disorder (BED). Cross-national BED data are presented here and compared with bulimia nervosa (BN) data in the World Health Organization (WHO) World Mental Health Surveys.Methods Community surveys with 24,124 respondents (ages 18+) across 14 mostly upper-middle and high-income countries assessed lifetime and 12-month DSM-IV mental disorders with the WHO Composite International Diagnostic Interview. Physical disorders were assessed with a chronic conditions checklist.Results Country-specific lifetime prevalence estimates are consistently (median; interquartile range) higher for BED (1.4%; .8-1.9%) than BN (.8%; .4-1.0%). Median age of onset is in the late teens to early 20s for both disorders but slightly younger for BN. Persistence is slightly higher for BN (6.5 years; 2.2-15.4) than BED (4.3 years; 1.0-11.7). Lifetime risk of both disorders is elevated for women and recent cohorts. Retrospective reports suggest that comorbid DSM-IV disorders predict subsequent onset of BN somewhat more strongly than BED and that BN predicts subsequent comorbid disorders somewhat more strongly than does BED. Significant comorbidities with physical conditions are due almost entirely to BN and to a somewhat lesser degree BED predicting subsequent onset of these conditions. Role impairments are similar for BN and BED. Fewer than half of lifetime BN or BED cases receive treatment.Conclusions Binge eating disorder represents a public health problem at least equal to BN. Low treatment rates highlight the clinical importance of questioning patients about eating problems even when not included among presenting complaints.

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Authors: Kessler, R. C., Berglund, P. A., Chiu, W. T., Deitz, A. C., Hudson, J. I., Shahly, V., Aguilar-Gaxiola, S., Alonso, J., Angermeyer, M. C., Benjet, C., Bruffaerts, R., de Girolamo, G., de Graaf, R., Maria Haro, J., Kovess-Masfety, V., O’Neill, S., Posada-Villa, J., Sasu, C., Scott, K., Viana, M. C., & Xavier, M.
Affiliations: Harvard University (US)
University of Michigan (US)
Takeda (United States) (US)
Universitat Pompeu Fabra (ES)
Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz (MX)
KU Leuven (BE)
University of Ulster (GB)
National School of Public Health, Management and Professional Development (RO)
University of Otago (NZ)
Universidade Nova de Lisboa (PT)
Corresponding author: Kessler, Ronald C.
ORCID: Kessler, Ronald C.
Berglund, Patricia A.
Chiu, Wai Tat
Hudson, James I.
Alonso, Jordi
Benjet, Corina
Bruffaerts, Ronny
O’Neill, Siobhan
Scott, Kate
Xavier, Miguel
Venue: Biological Psychiatry
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2013-05
Volume: 73
Issue: 9
Pages: 904-914
ISSN: 0006-3223 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2012.11.020
PMC: PMC3628997
OpenAlex: W1978365558
Cited by: 1,338
References: 126
Citations by year: 2026: 50 · 2025: 79 · 2024: 123 · 2023: 124 · 2022: 143 · 2021: 112 · 2020: 155 · 2019: 101 · 2018: 106 · 2017: 108 · 2016: 91 · 2015: 85 · 2014: 40 · 2013: 19
FWCI: 87.06
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
europepmc.org
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Biological Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Repositori digital de la UPF (Universitat Pompeu Fabra) (submittedVersion)
Funders: Public Health Agency (RES/4792/13)
National Institutes of Health (5r13mh066849-04, 5r01mh069864-04, 5r01mh070884-05)
National Institute of Mental Health (R13-MH-066849, R0 1-MH61905, R01‐MH070884, U01-MH-60220, R01MH061905, HHSN271200700030C, U01MH060220, R01‐MH069864)
National Institute on Drug Abuse (K05DA015799, R01DA016558)
Fogarty International Center (R03TW006481)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Eating Disorders and Behaviors
Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Nutrition, Health and Food Behavior
Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
Keywords: binge eating disorder, bulimia nervosa, prevalence, comorbidities, age of onset, disease persistence, lifetime risk, sex differences, treatment rates, role impairment, somatic comorbidity, cross-national comparison, eating disorders
MeSH terms: Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Bulimia, Female, Health Surveys, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Risk Factors, World Health Organization, Comorbidity, Prevalence, Age of Onset, Bulimia Nervosa, Binge-Eating Disorder

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The Prevalence and Correlates of Binge Eating Disorder in the World Health Organization World Mental Health Surveys

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