The DOI matches its Crossref record; 153 of the 153 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Diagnostic Biomarkers for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Promising Horizons from Translational Neuroscience Research
Open accessAbstract
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a heterogeneous disorder that affects individuals exposed to trauma (e.g., combat, interpersonal violence, and natural disasters). Although its diagnostic features have been recently reclassified with the emergence of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, the disorder remains characterized by hyperarousal, intrusive reminders of the trauma, avoidance of trauma-related cues, and negative cognition and mood. This heterogeneity indicates the presence of multiple neurobiological mechanisms underlying the etiology and maintenance of PTSD. Translational research spanning the past few decades has revealed several potential avenues for the identification of diagnostic biomarkers for PTSD. These include, but are not limited to, monoaminergic transmitter systems, the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, metabolic hormonal pathways, inflammatory mechanisms, psychophysiological reactivity, and neural circuits. The current review provides an update to the literature with regard to the most promising putative PTSD biomarkers, with specific emphasis on the interaction between neurobiological influences on disease risk and symptom progression. Such biomarkers will most likely be identified by multi-dimensional models derived from comprehensive descriptions of molecular, neurobiological, behavioral, and clinical phenotypes.
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“These data in parallel with evidence indicating that PTSD is a chronic disorder with dysregulated stress axis function (Michopoulos et al, 2015b), have recently led to a burgeoning attempt to understand how”
From Inflammation in Fear- and Anxiety-Based Disorders: PTSD, GAD, and Beyond (2017) · cites this paper as Michopoulos et al, 2015b
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“Furthermore, this inflammation-induced amygdala response may also contribute to the association between increased CRP levels and heightened psychophysiological hyperarousal in traumatized individuals with PTSD (Michopoulos et al, 2015b).”
From Inflammation in Fear- and Anxiety-Based Disorders: PTSD, GAD, and Beyond (2017) · cites this paper as Michopoulos et al, 2015b
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1 retracted
Pietrzak, R. H., Gallezot, J., Ding, Y., Henry, S. E., Potenza, M. N., Southwick, S. M., Krystal, J. H., Carson, R. E., & Neumeister, A. (2013) · JAMA Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2013.399 · Cited by 127
RetractedDiagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
American Psychiatric Association (2013) · doi:10.1176/appi.books.9780890425596 · Cited by 116,369
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
Inflammation in Fear- and Anxiety-Based Disorders: PTSD, GAD, and Beyond
Michopoulos, V., Powers, A., Gillespie, C. F., Ressler, K. J., & Jovanovic, T. (2017) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/npp.2016.146 · Cited by 786
Self-citationBiomarkers in Stress Related Diseases/Disorders: Diagnostic, Prognostic, and Therapeutic Values
Dhama, K., Latheef, S. K., Dadar, M., Samad, H. A., Munjal, A. K., Khandia, R., Karthik, K., Tiwari, R., Yatoo, M. I., Bhatt, P., et al. (2019) · Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences · doi:10.3389/fmolb.2019.00091 · Cited by 354
Metabolism, Metabolomics, and Inflammation in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Mellon, S. H., Gautam, A., Hammamieh, R., Jett, M., & Wolkowitz, O. M. (2018) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2018.02.007 · Cited by 184
Steudte‐Schmiedgen, S., Kirschbaum, C., Alexander, N., & Stalder, T. (2016) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2016.07.015 · Cited by 177
Noradrenergic dysregulation in the pathophysiology of PTSD
Hendrickson, R. C., & Raskind, M. A. (2016) · Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2016.05.014 · Cited by 185
Metadata
- Authors
- Michopoulos, V., Norrholm, S. D., & Jovanovic, T.
- Affiliations
- Emory University (US)
- Venue
- Biological Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2015-09
- Volume
- 78
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 344-353
- ISSN
- 0006-3223 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4520791
- OpenAlex
- W2087060903
- Cited by
- 206
- References
- 153
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 17 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 22 · 2021: 24 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 21 · 2018: 20 · 2017: 24 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 9
- FWCI
- 3.38
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Biological Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (MH098212, MH100122)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child Abuse and Trauma
- Keywords
- post-traumatic stress disorder, diagnostic biomarkers, monoaminergic systems, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, inflammatory mechanisms, psychophysiological reactivity, neural circuits, trauma exposure, neurobiological mechanisms
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Humans, Neurosciences, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Biomarkers, Translational Research, Biomedical
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