Cited by 206Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ResearchStress Responses and CortisolChild Abuse and Trauma

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Diagnostic Biomarkers for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Promising Horizons from Translational Neuroscience Research

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Michopoulos, Vasiliki, Norrholm, Seth Davin, Jovanovic, Tanja·2015·Biological Psychiatry

DOI 10.1016/j.biopsych.2015.01.005PMC PMC4520791

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Abstract

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a heterogeneous disorder that affects individuals exposed to trauma (e.g., combat, interpersonal violence, and natural disasters). Although its diagnostic features have been recently reclassified with the emergence of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, the disorder remains characterized by hyperarousal, intrusive reminders of the trauma, avoidance of trauma-related cues, and negative cognition and mood. This heterogeneity indicates the presence of multiple neurobiological mechanisms underlying the etiology and maintenance of PTSD. Translational research spanning the past few decades has revealed several potential avenues for the identification of diagnostic biomarkers for PTSD. These include, but are not limited to, monoaminergic transmitter systems, the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, metabolic hormonal pathways, inflammatory mechanisms, psychophysiological reactivity, and neural circuits. The current review provides an update to the literature with regard to the most promising putative PTSD biomarkers, with specific emphasis on the interaction between neurobiological influences on disease risk and symptom progression. Such biomarkers will most likely be identified by multi-dimensional models derived from comprehensive descriptions of molecular, neurobiological, behavioral, and clinical phenotypes.

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See all 206

Authors: Michopoulos, V., Norrholm, S. D., & Jovanovic, T.
Affiliations: Emory University (US)
ORCID: Michopoulos, Vasiliki
Norrholm, Seth Davin
Venue: Biological Psychiatry
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2015-09
Volume: 78
Issue: 5
Pages: 344-353
ISSN: 0006-3223 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2015.01.005
PMC: PMC4520791
OpenAlex: W2087060903
Cited by: 206
References: 153
Citations by year: 2026: 8 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 17 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 22 · 2021: 24 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 21 · 2018: 20 · 2017: 24 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 9
FWCI: 3.38
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Biological Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: National Institute of Mental Health (MH098212, MH100122)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child Abuse and Trauma
Keywords: post-traumatic stress disorder, diagnostic biomarkers, monoaminergic systems, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, inflammatory mechanisms, psychophysiological reactivity, neural circuits, trauma exposure, neurobiological mechanisms
MeSH terms: Animals, Humans, Neurosciences, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Biomarkers, Translational Research, Biomedical

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Diagnostic Biomarkers for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Promising Horizons from Translational Neuroscience Research

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