Impacts of different activation processes on the carbon stability of biochar for oxidation resistance
Open accessAbstract
Biochar modification is widely used to improve its capability for environmental application, while its impact on carbon sequestration potential is unknown. Herein, the oxidation-resistance stability of biochar with different activation processes was first evaluated, which is crucial for sustainable production of engineered biochar. Thermal activation enhanced the thermal stability of biochar with a higher R 50 as 61.5-62.7%, whereas a higher carbon loss of 15.2-17.2% was revealed after chemical oxidation. Physical activation of biochar had marginal effect on thermal stability, but it still weakened its chemical stability. By contrast, chemical activation with H 2 SO 4 improved the stability in terms of chemical-oxidation (6.7% carbon loss) and thermal-oxidation (R 50 as 66.2%). Further analysis revealed that the thermal stability of engineered biochar was controlled by aromaticity, while the surface area was a vital factor correlating to the chemical stability. Our findings serve as an important reference to understand trade-off between biochar stability and broader application.
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The effectiveness of biochar depends on its physical and chemical properties, which are affected by production factors and operating settings such as raw material type, thermochemical conversion process, temperature, time, heating rate, and post-production processes.
“the effectiveness of biochar depends on its physical and chemical properties, which are affected by various production factors and operating settings, such as the type of raw material and the thermochemical conversion process used to produce the biochar, temperature, time, and heating rate, etc., in addition to the post-production processes.265,266”
From Technologies and perspectives for achieving carbon neutrality (2021) · cites this paper as [265]
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References 50 · Cited by 170
- Authors
- Xu, Z., He, M., Xu, X., Cao, X., & Tsang, D. C. W.
- Affiliations
- Hong Kong Polytechnic University (HK)
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Tsang, Daniel C.W.
- Venue
- Bioresource Technology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2021-10
- Volume
- 338
- Pages
- 125555
- ISSN
- 0960-8524 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W3179797946
- Cited by
- 170
- References
- 50
- Citations by year
- 2026: 34 · 2025: 32 · 2024: 35 · 2023: 33 · 2022: 29 · 2021: 7
- FWCI
- 7.89
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Bioresource Technology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PolyU Institutional Research Archive (Hong Kong Polytechnic University) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Rare & Special e-Zone (The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Hong Kong Polytechnic University (15222020)
- Environment and Conservation Fund (87/2017)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Thermochemical Biomass Conversion Processes
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Soil Science › Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Water Science and Technology › Adsorption and biosorption for pollutant removal
- Keywords
- biochar, biochar activation, carbon stability, oxidation resistance, thermal stability, chemical oxidation, physical activation, chemical activation, sulfuric acid activation, carbon sequestration, aromaticity, surface area, engineered biochar
- MeSH terms
- Carbon, Charcoal, Oxidation-Reduction, Soil, Carbon Sequestration
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