Mesoporous and adsorption behavior of algal biochar prepared via sequential hydrothermal carbonization and ZnCl2 activation
Abstract
In this study, biochar derived from brown algal Ascophyllum nodosum was synthesized through hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) coupling with ZnCl2 chemical activation and applied as a sustainable adsorbent for antibiotic removal from water exemplified by ciprofloxacin (CIP). Various surface analysis techniques such as Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and zeta potential were used to clarify the surface properties of prepared biochars. The adsorption performance of biochars was investigated using batch adsorption experiments with a variety of parameters (initial pH, ionic types, temperature and water matrixes). The application of prepared biochar in CIP removal showed a good result of adsorption capacity (150 - 400 mg g-1) in different conditions. Overall, algal biochars, as a product recycled from biowaste, demonstrated a novel and promising adsorbent for effective and sustainable method for removal of antibiotics from water.
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Algae-based biochars have been employed for adsorption of tetracycline and ciprofloxacin, with capacities up to 384.6 mg/g when modified with activators like ZnCl2.
“Similarly, algae-based biochars have been employed in the adsorption of antibiotics such as tetracycline [65] and ciprofloxacin [64], with adsorption capacities reaching up to 384.6 mg/g when biochars were modified with activators like ZnCl 2 .”
From Algal-Based Carbonaceous Materials for Environmental Remediation: Advances in Wastewater Treatment, Carbon Sequestration, and Biofuel Applications (2025) · cites this paper as [64]
ABB is highly effective in removing persistent organic pollutants like PAHs, EDCs, and pharmaceutical residues from water.
“For instance, it demonstrates remarkable efficiency in adsorbing persistent organic pollutants like polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) [61,62], endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) [45], and pharmaceutical residues [47,63,64].”
From Algal-Based Carbonaceous Materials for Environmental Remediation: Advances in Wastewater Treatment, Carbon Sequestration, and Biofuel Applications (2025) · cites this paper as [64]
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References 44 · Cited by 184
- Authors
- Nguyen, T.-B., Truong, Q.-M., Chen, C.-W., Doong, R.-A., Chen, W.-H., & Dong, C.-D.
- Affiliations
- National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology (TW)
- National Tsing Hua University (TW)
- National Cheng Kung University (TW)
- Corresponding author
- Dong, Cheng-Di
- Venue
- Bioresource Technology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2022-02
- Volume
- 346
- Pages
- 126351
- ISSN
- 0960-8524 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W3213300522
- Semantic Scholar
- d23baccd027cbb054880b2969455f584665c7628
- Cited by
- 184
- References
- 44
- Citations by year
- 2026: 25 · 2025: 41 · 2024: 54 · 2023: 49 · 2022: 15
- FWCI
- 8.77
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- Bioresource Technology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan (109-2222-E-992-002)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Water Science and Technology › Adsorption and biosorption for pollutant removal
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Environmental remediation with nanomaterials
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Pollution › Pharmaceutical and Antibiotic Environmental Impacts
- Keywords
- algal biochar, Ascophyllum nodosum, hydrothermal carbonization, ZnCl2 activation, mesoporous biochar, ciprofloxacin adsorption, antibiotic removal from water, adsorbents, brown algae, biomass waste valorization, adsorption isotherms
- MeSH terms
- Adsorption, Charcoal, Kinetics, Water Pollutants, Chemical, Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared
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