Cancer testis antigens in sarcoma: Expression, function and immunotherapeutic application
Abstract
Sarcomas are a group of heterogeneous malignancies of mesenchymal origin. Patient outcomes remain especially grim for those with recurrent or metastatic disease, and current therapeutic strategies have not significantly improved outcomes over the past few decades. This has led to a number of studies assessing novel therapies. Cancer testis antigens (CTAs) are tumor-associated antigens with physiologic expression in the testis and various malignancies, including sarcomas. Genes encoding CTAs include MAGE, NY-ESO-1, PRAME, TRAG-3/CSAGE, and SSX. The importance and function of CTAs in tumorigenesis have gained recognition in recent years. They are also proving as robust diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. Therapeutically, antigens derived from CTAs are highly recognizable by T lymphocytes and therefore capable of generating a potent antitumor immune response. CTAs are, therefore, promising targets for novel immunotherapies. Here we review the emerging works on expression, function, and immunotherapeutic application of CTAs in sarcoma therapy.
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Cancer-testis antigens comprise ubiquitin ligases that have restricted expression in normal testis but are highly overexpressed across multiple cancer types.
“Finally, cancer-testis antigens (CTAs) also comprise ubiquitin ligases that have restricted expression in the normal testis but are highly overexpressed across multiple cancer types154,155.”
From PROTAC targeted protein degraders: the past is prologue (2022) · cites this paper as [154]
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Sarcoma Immunotherapy: Confronting Present Hurdles and Unveiling Upcoming Opportunities
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- Authors
- Wei, R., Dean, D. C., Thanindratarn, P., Hornicek, F. J., Guo, W., & Duan, Z.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Los Angeles (US)
- Peking University People's Hospital (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Guo, Wei
- Duan, Zhenfeng
- Venue
- Cancer Letters
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2020-06
- Volume
- 479
- Pages
- 54-60
- ISSN
- 0304-3835 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2980627006
- Cited by
- 48
- References
- 104
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 5
- FWCI
- 0.41
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Cancer Letters (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- UCLA
- Sarcoma Foundation of America (222433)
- National Cancer Institute
- National Institutes of Health (UO1, CA151452-01)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Sarcoma Diagnosis and Treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers
- Keywords
- cancer-testis antigens, sarcoma, MAGE, NY-ESO-1, PRAME, SSX, tumor-associated antigens, cancer immunotherapy, diagnostic biomarkers, prognostic factors, antitumor immunity, carcinogenesis
- MeSH terms
- Antigens, Neoplasm, Humans, Immunotherapy, Sarcoma, T-Lymphocytes, Biomarkers, Tumor, Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
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