In-situ polymerized cellulose nanocrystals (CNC)—Poly (l-lactide)(PLLA) nanomaterials and applications in nanocomposite processing
Abstract
CNC-PLLA nanomaterials were synthesized via in-situ ring-opening polymerization of l-lactide in the presence of CNC, resulting in hydrophobic, homogeneous mixture of PLLA-grafted-CNC and free PLLA homopolymer. The free PLLA serves two useful functions: as barrier to further prevent PLLA-g-CNC from forming aggregates, and in creating improved interfacial properties when these nanomaterials are blended with other polymers, hence enhancing their performance. CNC-PLLA nanomaterials can be used for medical or engineering applications as-they-are or by compounding with suitable biopolymers using versatile techniques, such as solution casting, co-extrusion or injection molding, to form hybrid nanocomposites of tunable mechanical properties. When compounded with commercial-grade PLA, the resulting CNC-PLA nanocomposites appear transparent and have tailored (dynamic and static) mechanical and barrier properties, approaching those of poly(ethylene terephthalate), PET. The effect of reaction conditions on the properties of CNC-PLLA nanomaterials have been carefully studied and detailed throughout the paper.
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Solvent casting enables good initial dispersion of NC in PLA due to solvent-assisted mixing.
“Solvent casting, often used in early-stage studies, enables good initial dispersion of NC in PLA due to solvent-assisted mixing [15,17,37,65,77]”
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“Solvent casting, often used in early-stage studies, enables good initial dispersion of NC in PLA due to solvent-assisted mixing [15,17,37,65,77].”
- Authors
- Miao, C., & Hamad, W. Y.
- Affiliations
- FPInnovations (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Hamad, Wadood Y.
- Venue
- Carbohydrate Polymers
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2016-11
- Volume
- 153
- Pages
- 549-558
- ISSN
- 0144-8617 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2478691576
- Cited by
- 112
- References
- 38
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 19 · 2018: 18 · 2017: 9
- FWCI
- 6.26
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Carbohydrate Polymers (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Biomaterials › Advanced Cellulose Research Studies
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Biomaterials › biodegradable polymer synthesis and properties
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Biomaterials › Nanocomposite Films for Food Packaging
- Keywords
- cellulose nanocrystals, poly(L-lactic acid), in situ ring-opening polymerization, graft copolymerization, nanocomposites, polymer blends, PLA nanocomposites, barrier properties, mechanical properties, transparency, coextrusion, injection molding, solvent casting, polymer nanocomposite processing
- MeSH terms
- Cellulose, Polyesters, Nanotechnology, Nanoparticles, Nanocomposites, Polymerization
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