Recent advances in sunlight-induced carcinogenesis using the Xiphophorus melanoma model
Open accessAbstract
Unlike breast and prostate cancers, the nature and sequence of critical genetic and epigenetic events involved in the initiation and progression of melanoma are not well understood. A contributing factor to this dilemma, especially given our current understanding of the importance of UV light in melanoma etiology, is the lack of quality UV-inducible melanoma animal models. In this study we elaborate on the capability of UV light to induce cutaneous malignant melanomas (CMM) in Xiphophorus fishes, which were previously found to develop melanomas after acute neonatal UVB irradiation. In two separate tumorigenesis experiments, we exposed adult Xiphophorus hybrids to either acute UVB irradiations (5 consecutive daily treatments) or chronic solar irradiations (continuous UVA/UVB treatment for 9 months). Acute adult UVB irradiation resulted in the significant induction of melanomas, and moreover, this induction rate is equivalent to that of animals exposed to acute neonatal UVB irradiation. This study represents the first evidence that acute adult UVB irradiation, in the absence of any early life exposures, induces CMM. Similar to the findings conducted on other divergent melanoma models, including HGF/SF transgenic mice and Monodelphis domestica, prolonged chronic solar UV was not a factor in melanomagenesis.
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Mutagenesis induced by UVA and its contribution to skin cancer development is still unclear, probably due to uncertainty regarding the relative importance of pyrimidine dimers and oxidized bases.
“However, the mutagenesis induced by UVA and its contribution to skin cancer development is still unclear, probably due to the uncertainty regarding the relative importance of pyrimidine dimers and oxidized bases in this process [113,114].”
From Sunlight damage to cellular DNA: focus on oxidatively generated lesions (2017) · cites this paper as [114]
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- Authors
- Fernandez, A. A., Paniker, L., Garcia, R., & Mitchell, D. L.
- Affiliations
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center (US)
- Corresponding author
- Fernandez, André A.
- ORCID
- Mitchell, David L.
- Venue
- Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Toxicology & Pharmacology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2012-01
- Volume
- 155
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 64-70
- ISSN
- 1532-0456 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3164944
- OpenAlex
- W2074465301
- Cited by
- 18
- References
- 61
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 3 · 2022: 2 · 2017: 2 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 1.38
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C Toxicology & Pharmacology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Cancer Institute (CA113671, T32CA009480, R01CA113671, P30CA016672)
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (#ES07784, P30ES007784)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › melanin and skin pigmentation
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Veterinary Oncology Research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › Carcinogens and Genotoxicity Assessment
- Keywords
- melanoma, UVB irradiation, Xiphophorus, cutaneous melanoma, UV-induced carcinogenesis, melanomagenesis, epigenetic events
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Breeding, Cyprinodontiformes, DNA Damage, Female, Male, Melanoma, Experimental, Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced, Skin Neoplasms, Sunlight, Time Factors, Ultraviolet Rays
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