Metabolomics in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Review
Abstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), a common complication of pregnancy, is a type of diabetes that is first detected and diagnosed during pregnancy. The incidence of GDM is increasing annually and is associated with many adverse pregnancy outcomes. Early prediction of the risk of GDM and intervention are thus important to reduce adverse pregnancy outcomes. Studies have revealed a correlation between the levels of amino acids, fatty acids, triglycerides, and other metabolites in early pregnancy and the occurrence of GDM. The development of high-throughput technologies used in metabolomics has enabled the detection of changes in the levels of small-molecule metabolites during early pregnancy, which can help reflect the overall physiological and pathological status of the body and explore the underlying mechanisms of the development of GDM. This review sought to summarize current research in this field and provide data for the development of strategies to manage GDM.
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Placental and circulating miRNAs can modulate gene expression through epigenetic mechanisms and may alter key developmental pathways including PPAR, mTOR, WNT, and insulin/IGF signaling.
“Importantly, placental and circulating miRNAs can modulate gene expression through epigenetic mechanisms and may alter key developmental pathways, including PPAR, mTOR, WNT, and insulin/IGF signaling, thereby influencing fetal growth patterns and long-term disease risk [41,43,44,45].”
From Maternal Overnutrition and Fetal Programming: Long-Term Metabolic, Cognitive, and Epigenetic Consequences (2026) · cites this paper as [43]
Circulating miRNAs dysregulated in GDM are implicated in inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, lipid and glucose metabolism, and insulin signaling.
“Several miRNAs dysregulated in GDM have been implicated in inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, lipid and glucose metabolism, and insulin signaling.”
From Maternal Overnutrition and Fetal Programming: Long-Term Metabolic, Cognitive, and Epigenetic Consequences (2026) · cites this paper as [43]
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- Authors
- XIE, J., LI, L., & XING, H.
- Affiliations
- Sheng Jing Hospital (CN)
- Corresponding author
- XING, Haoyue
- ORCID
- Venue
- Clinica Chimica Acta
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2023-01
- Volume
- 539
- Pages
- 134-143
- ISSN
- 0009-8981 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4311512426
- Cited by
- 26
- References
- 6
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 2
- FWCI
- 0.91
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- Clinica Chimica Acta (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province (2020-MS-153)
- Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Gestational Diabetes Research and Management
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Birth, Development, and Health
- Keywords
- gestational diabetes mellitus, metabolomics, early pregnancy, small molecule metabolites, amino acids, fatty acids, triglycerides, GDM risk prediction, adverse pregnancy outcomes, GDM management
- MeSH terms
- Amino Acids, Female, Humans, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Outcome, Triglycerides, Diabetes, Gestational, Metabolomics
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