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Temporal Response of the Human Virome to Immunosuppression and Antiviral Therapy
Open accessAbstract
There are few substantive methods to measure the health of the immune system, and the connection between immune strength and the viral component of the microbiome is poorly understood. Organ transplant recipients are treated with posttransplant therapies that combine immunosuppressive and antiviral drugs, offering a window into the effects of immune modulation on the virome. We used sequencing of cell-free DNA in plasma to investigate drug-virome interactions in a cohort of organ transplant recipients (656 samples, 96 patients) and find that antivirals and immunosuppressants strongly affect the structure of the virome in plasma. We observe marked virome compositional dynamics at the onset of the therapy and find that the total viral load increases with immunosuppression, whereas the bacterial component of the microbiome remains largely unaffected. The data provide insight into the relationship between the human virome, the state of the immune system, and the effects of pharmacological treatment and offer a potential application of the virome state to predict immunocompetence.
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“There is mounting evidence that blood-based microbial DNA (hereafter “mbDNA”) can be clinically informative in cancer39–44, including those featuring blood-barrier or lymphatic disruptions (e.g. COAD)39”
From RETRACTED ARTICLE: Microbiome analyses of blood and tissues suggest cancer diagnostic approach (2020) · cites this paper as [43]
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Metadata
- Authors
- De Vlaminck, I., Khush, K. K., Strehl, C., Kohli, B., Luikart, H., Neff, N. F., Okamoto, J., Snyder, T. M., Cornfield, D. N., Nicolls, M. R., Weill, D., Bernstein, D., Valantine, H. A., & Quake, S. R.
- Affiliations
- Stanford Medicine (US)
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute (US)
- Corresponding author
- Quake, Stephen R.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Cell
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2013-11
- Volume
- 155
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 1178-1187
- ISSN
- 0092-8674 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4098717
- OpenAlex
- W2012991226
- Cited by
- 471
- References
- 43
- Citations by year
- 2026: 19 · 2025: 33 · 2024: 40 · 2023: 51 · 2022: 40 · 2021: 39 · 2020: 43 · 2019: 40 · 2018: 37 · 2017: 35 · 2016: 32 · 2015: 33 · 2014: 26 · 2013: 1
- FWCI
- 27.01
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Cell (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute
- National Institutes of Health (DP1OD000251, 5p01hl108797-10)
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R01HL070628, R01HL095686, P01-HL-108797, K23HL091143)
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (RC4AI092673)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Virology › Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Virology › HIV Research and Treatment
- Keywords
- human virome, organ transplant recipients, immunosuppression, antiviral therapy, cell-free DNA, viral load, immunocompetence, immune system health
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Antiviral Agents, Blood, Child, DNA, Humans, Immunosuppressive Agents, Viruses, Heart Transplantation, Lung Transplantation, Antibiotic Prophylaxis
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