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Spatiotemporal Control of Intracellular Phase Transitions Using Light-Activated optoDroplets
Open accessAbstract
Summary Phase transitions driven by intrinsically disordered protein regions (IDRs) have emerged as a ubiquitous mechanism for assembling liquid-like RNA/protein (RNP) bodies and other membrane-less organelles. However, a lack of tools to control intracellular phase transitions limits our ability to understand their role in cell physiology and disease. Here, we introduce an optogenetic platform, which uses light to activate IDR-mediated phase transitions in living cells. We use this “optoDroplet” system to study condensed phases driven by the IDRs of various RNP body proteins, including FUS, DDX4, and HNRNPA1. Above a concentration threshold, these constructs undergo light-activated phase separation, forming spatiotemporally-definable liquid optoDroplets. FUS optoDroplet assembly is fully reversible even after multiple activation cycles. However, cells driven deep within the phase boundary form solid-like gels, which undergo aging into irreversible aggregates. This system can thus elucidate not only physiological phase transitions, but also their link to pathological aggregates.
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Cites
Inherent toxicity of aggregates implies a common mechanism for protein misfolding diseases
Bucciantini, M., Giannoni, E., Chiti, F., Baroni, F., Formigli, L., Zurdo, J., Taddei, N., Ramponi, G., Dobson, C. M., & Stefani, M. (2002) · Nature · doi:10.1038/416507a · Cited by 2,434
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Sabari, B. R., Dall’Agnese, A., Boija, A., Klein, I. A., Coffey, E. L., Shrinivas, K., Abraham, B. J., Hannett, N. M., Zamudio, A. V., Manteiga, J. C., et al. (2018) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aar3958 · Cited by 2,595
Tau protein liquid–liquid phase separation can initiate tau aggregation
Wegmann, S., Eftekharzadeh, B., Tepper, K., Zoltowska, K. M., Bennett, R. E., Dujardin, S., Laskowski, P. R., MacKenzie, D., Kamath, T., Commins, C., et al. (2018) · The EMBO Journal · doi:10.15252/embj.201798049 · Cited by 1,102
Mechanics and functional consequences of nuclear deformations
Kalukula, Y., Stephens, A. D., Lammerding, J., & Gabriele, S. (2022) · Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology · doi:10.1038/s41580-022-00480-z · Cited by 475
Relationship of sequence and phase separation in protein low-complexity regions
Martin, E. W., & Mittag, T. (2018) · Biochemistry · doi:10.1021/acs.biochem.8b00008 · Cited by 389
Interferon-γ induces tumor resistance to anti-PD-1 immunotherapy by promoting YAP phase separation
Yu, M., Peng, Z., Qin, M., Liu, Y., Wang, J., Zhang, C., Lin, J., Dong, T., Wang, L., Li, S., et al. (2021) · Molecular Cell · doi:10.1016/j.molcel.2021.01.010 · Cited by 250
Metadata
- Authors
- Shin, Y., Berry, J., Pannucci, N., Haataja, M. P., Toettcher, J. E., & Brangwynne, C. P.
- Venue
- Cell
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2017-01
- Volume
- 168
- Issue
- 1-2
- Pages
- 159-171.e14
- ISSN
- 0092-8674 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2566521622
- Cited by
- 965
- References
- 2
- FWCI
- 21.22
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
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